本文详细介绍了Spring框架中bean的两种作用域——Singleton和Prototype。Singleton作用域确保每个bean定义只有一个实例，而Prototype作用域则在每次请求时创建新的bean实例。Singleton适合无状态的bean，Prototype适用于有状态的bean。
Singleton
The singleton scope
Only one shared instance of a singleton bean is managed, and all requests for beans with an id or ids matching that bean definition result in that one specific bean instance being returned by the Spring container.
To put it another way, when you define a bean definition and it is scoped as a singleton, the Spring IoC container creates exactly one instance of the object defined by that bean definition. This single instance is stored in a cache of such singleton beans, and all subsequent requests and references for that named bean return the cached object.
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