01-Elasticsearch的安装与启动

1. 验证jdk

首先需要验证系统是否已经安装jdk , 要求使用jdk1.8 以上版本

[root@app110 ~]# java -version

java version "1.8.0_201"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_201-b09)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.201-b09, mixed mode)

2. 安装ES（elasticsearch）

2.1 新建普通用户

由于Elasticsearch可以接收用户输入的脚本并且执行，为了系统安全考虑，不允许root账号启动，所以建议给Elasticsearch单独创建一个用户来运行Elasticsearch

[root@app110 ~]# groupadd es
[root@app110 ~]# useradd es -g es

设置目录属主和属组

[root@app110 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/ES/
[root@app110 ~]# chown -R es:es /opt/ES/
[root@app110 ~]# su - es
[es@app110 ~]$

2.2 安装

使用winSCP将elasticsearch-6.8.0.tar.gz上传到/opt/ES/目录下

[root@app110 ES]# ll
total 145092
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 148571591 Jun 13 07:23 elasticsearch-6.8.0.tar.gz
[root@app110 ES]#

解压软件

[root@app110 ES]# tar xf elasticsearch-6.8.0.tar.gz
[root@app110 ES]# cd elasticsearch-6.8.0

修改ES配置文件

	// 现将配置文件 备份一下
	[root@app110 ES]# cp -a config/elasticsearch.yml{,_$(date +%F)} 
	//修改配置参数
	[root@app110 ES]# vi config/elasticsearch.yml
	# ======================== Elasticsearch Configuration =========================
	#
	# NOTE: Elasticsearch comes with reasonable defaults for most settings.
	#       Before you set out to tweak and tune the configuration, make sure you
	#       understand what are you trying to accomplish and the consequences.
	#
	# The primary way of configuring a node is via this file. This template lists
	# the most important settings you may want to configure for a production cluster.
	#
	# Please consult the documentation for further information on configuration options:
	# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/index.html
	#
	# ---------------------------------- Cluster -----------------------------------
	#
	# Use a descriptive name for your cluster:
	#
	cluster.name: my-application    # 集群名称
	#
	# ------------------------------------ Node ------------------------------------
	#
	# Use a descriptive name for the node:
	#
	node.name: app01		# 主机名
	#
	# Add custom attributes to the node:
	#
	#node.attr.rack: r1
	#
	# ----------------------------------- Paths ------------------------------------
	#
	# Path to directory where to store the data (separate multiple locations by comma):
	#
	#path.data: /path/to/data
	path.data: /opt/ES/elasticsearch-6.8.0/data		# 数据路径
	# Path to log files:
	#
	path.logs: /opt/ES/elasticsearch-6.8.0/logs		# 日志路径
	#
	# ----------------------------------- Memory -----------------------------------
	#
	# Lock the memory on startup:
	#
	#bootstrap.memory_lock: true
	bootstrap.memory_lock: false		# 修改内存配置
	bootstrap.system_call_filter: false
	#
	# Make sure that the heap size is set to about half the memory available
	# on the system and that the owner of the process is allowed to use this
	# limit.
	#
	# Elasticsearch performs poorly when the system is swapping the memory.
	#
	# ---------------------------------- Network -----------------------------------
	#
	# Set the bind address to a specific IP (IPv4 or IPv6):
	#
	#network.host: 192.168.0.1
	network.host: 10.6.12.80		#本机IP
	#
	# Set a custom port for HTTP:
	#
	http.port: 9200				#配置端口号
	transport.tcp.port: 9300		#配置端口号
	# For more information, consult the network module documentation.
	#
	# --------------------------------- Discovery ----------------------------------
	#
	# Pass an initial list of hosts to perform discovery when new node is started:
	# The default list of hosts is ["127.0.0.1", "[::1]"]
	#
	#discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["host1", "host2"]
	discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["10.6.12.80", "10.6.12.81", "10.6.12.110"] # 配置集群
	# 
	# Prevent the "split brain" by configuring the majority of nodes (total number of master-eligible nodes / 2 + 1):
	#
	#discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 
	discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 2		# 最小master配置数， 如果2台主机配置为1， 如果3台主机配置为2
	# For more information, consult the zen discovery module documentation.
	#
	# ---------------------------------- Gateway -----------------------------------
	#
	# Block initial recovery after a full cluster restart until N nodes are started:
	#
	#gateway.recover_after_nodes: 3
	#
	# For more information, consult the gateway module documentation.
	#
	# ---------------------------------- Various -----------------------------------
	#
	# Require explicit names when deleting indices:
	#
	#action.destructive_requires_name: true
	http.cors.enabled: true				#访问配置
	http.cors.allow-origin: "*"

创建ES数据文件和日志文件

	mkdir -p /opt/ES/elasticsearch-6.8.0/data
	mkdir -p /opt/ES/elasticsearch-6.8.0/logs

切换为root用户修改配置

	//在文件的末尾添加下面的参数值
	vim /etc/security/limits.conf 

	* soft nofile 65536
	* hard nofile 131072
	* soft nproc 2048
	* hard nproc 4096

	//安装log4j
	yum install -y log4j*
	chown es:es -R  /opt/ES/elasticsearch-6.8.0

	vi /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf

	mit for number of user's processes to prevent
	# accidental fork bombs.
	# See rhbz #432903 for reasoning.

	*          soft    nproc     4096
	root       soft    nproc     unlimited

	vi /etc/sysctl.conf 
	添加下面配置：
	vm.max_map_count=655360
	并执行命令：
	sysctl -p

	chown es /opt/ES/elasticsearch-6.8.0 -R

2.3 启动

	su es
	.[root@app110 elasticsearch-6.8.0]# ./bin/elasticsearch -d

2.4 验证

[root@ayzxweb ~] jps

61562 Jps
61503 Elasticsearch

启动一些错误信息

错误1

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: don't run elasticsearch as root.
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:94)
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:160)
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:286)
    at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:35)
Refer to the log for complete error details.

解决方案：
这是出于系统安全考虑设置的条件。由于ElasticSearch可以接收用户输入的脚本并且执行，为了系统安全考虑，
建议创建一个单独的用户用来运行ElasticSearch
创建elsearch用户组及elsearch用户

groupadd elsearch
useradd elsearch -g elsearch -p elasticsearch

错误2

Exception in thread "main" 2017-11-12 12:17:55,776 main ERROR No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console. Set system property ‘log4j2.debug‘ to show Log4j2 internal initialization logging.
2017-11-12 12:17:56,319 main ERROR Could not register mbeans java.security.AccessControlException: access denied ("javax.management.MBeanTrustPermission" "register")

解决方案：

[root@node2 ~]# yum install -y log4j*
[root@node2 ~]# chown dashuju:dashuju -R  /usr/local/src/elasticsearch-5.6.3

错误3

max number of threads [1024] for user [lish] likely too low, increase to at least [2048]

解决方案：
切换到root用户，进入limits.d目录下修改配置文件

vi /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf 
修改如下内容：
* soft nproc 1024
#修改为
* soft nproc 2048

错误4

max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] likely too low, increase to at least [262144]

解决方案：
切换到root用户修改配置sysctl.conf

vi /etc/sysctl.conf 
添加下面配置：
vm.max_map_count=655360
并执行命令：
sysctl -p

错误5

ERROR: [2] bootstrap checks failed   ##还有错误，这个是要改文件数，这个因为太多我就不放图了。
[1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65536]
[2]: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]

解决方案：

[root@node1 src]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf 
vm.max_map_count=655360
[root@node2 src]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf 
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 131072
* soft nproc 2048
* hard nproc 4096
[root@node2 ~]# sysctl -p
vm.max_map_count = 655360

错误6

ERROR: bootstrap checks failed system call filters failed to install; check the logs and fix your configuration or disable system call filters at your own risk

解决方案：

vi /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.5.1/config/elasticsearch.yml
配置bootstrap.system_call_filter为false，注意要在Memory下面:
bootstrap.memory_lock: false
bootstrap.system_call_filter: false

错误7 failed to obtain node locks

解决方案：

ps aux | grep elastic
kill -9 进程号
./elasticsearch

错误8 java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException

java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /data/wwwroot/elasticsearch-6.2.4/config/jvm.options 

解决方案：
原因：当前用户没有执行权限
解决方法： chown linux用户名 elasticsearch安装目录 -R
例如：chown ealsticsearch /data/wwwroot/elasticsearch-6.2.4 -R
PS：其他Java软件报.AccessDeniedException错误也可以同样方式解决，给 执行用户相应的目录权限即可