java如何解析 xml 文档

一、java 自带类库

1. dom方式解析

1 、解析、查询、修改 xml 文档：获取文件流，创建工厂类，解析文档，获取 Document对象后，可进行任意的查询

	InputStream in = QueryTest.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("input.xml");
	DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
	Document document = factory.newDocumentBuilder().parse(in);

2、创建 xml 文档

为了得到以下 xml 文档

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<cars>
    <supercars company="Ferrari">
        <carname type="formula one">Ferrari 101</carname>
    </supercars>
</cars>

可使用以下 java 代码

public class CreateTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        Document document = factory.newDocumentBuilder().newDocument();

		// cars
        Element cars = document.createElement("cars");
        document.appendChild(cars);

		// supercars
        Element supercars = document.createElement("supercars");
        supercars.setAttribute("company","Ferrari");
        cars.appendChild(supercars);

        //carname Element
        Element carname = document.createElement("carname");
        carname.setAttribute("type","formula one");
        carname.appendChild(document.createTextNode("Ferrari 101"));
        supercars.appendChild(carname);

        // write the content into the xml file
        TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
        Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
        DOMSource source = new DOMSource(document);
        StreamResult streamResult = new StreamResult(new File("cars.xml"));
        transformer.transform(source,streamResult);

        // output to console fo testing
        StreamResult consoleResult = new StreamResult(System.out);
        transformer.transform(source,consoleResult);
        
    }
    
}