.NetCore服务WorkerService以及部署win10-or-Linux

一、开发环境

系统：Win10、SentOs7
工具：VisualStudio2019，-V16.73
框架：.NetCore3.1

服务项目基础搭建：
创建新项目选择WorkerService下一步

填好名称选好项目路径位置点击创建

点击创建

添加NuGet包：
Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Systemd（部署linux系统）
Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.WindowsServices（部署window系统）

Program.cs类改写原方法

		//public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
        //    Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
        //        .ConfigureServices((hostContext, services) =>
        //        {
        //            services.AddHostedService<Worker>();
        //        });
        public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args)
        {
            //是否是win平台
            bool isWin = RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows);
            Console.WriteLine($"win:{isWin}");
            if (isWin)
            {
                return Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
                    .UseWindowsService()//win
                    .ConfigureServices((hostContext, services) =>
                    {
                        services.AddHostedService<Worker>();
                    });
            }
            return Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
                .UseSystemd()//linux
                .ConfigureServices((hostContext, services) =>
                {
                    services.AddHostedService<Worker>();
                });
        }

Worker.cs类：在Worker中重写继承类BackgroundService的StartAsync、ExecuteAsync、StopAsync方法，异步线程防阻塞，添加日志方法。

    public class Worker : BackgroundService
    {
        private readonly ILogger<Worker> _logger;
        public string dtNow = string.Format("{0:yyyyMMdd}", DateTime.Now);
        public Worker(ILogger<Worker> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }

        public override async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            var time = string.Format("{0:HH:mm:ss}", DateTime.Now);
            _logger.LogInformation("start service system time========: {time}", time);
            var fileName = "Start_Service" + dtNow + ".txt";
            LogTxt("start service", fileName);
            await base.StartAsync(cancellationToken);
        }

        protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
        {
            while (!stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                var time = string.Format("{0:HH:mm:ss}", DateTime.Now);
                _logger.LogInformation("system time========: {time}", time);
                //IConfiguration configuration = new ConfigurationBuilder().SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()).AddJsonFile("appsettings.json").Build();
                //var runTime = configuration.GetSection("AppSettings")["runtime"];
                //特定时间执行
                if (time == "01:00:00")
                {
                    _logger.LogInformation("start执行同步数据任务");
                    //异步线程防阻塞
                    await Task.WhenAny(DataProcessing(stoppingToken));
                    GC.Collect();
                }
                //延时执行-毫秒
                await Task.Delay(1000, stoppingToken);
            }
        }

        public override async Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            var fileName = "Stop_Service" + dtNow + ".txt";
            LogTxt("stop service", fileName);
            await base.StartAsync(cancellationToken);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 数据处理
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="stoppingToken"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public Task DataProcessing(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
        {
            try
            {
                return Task.Run(() =>
                {
                    var fileName = "Log_" + dtNow + ".txt";
                    if (stoppingToken.IsCancellationRequested)
                    {
                        return;
                    }else{
                    	//服务处理过程
                    }
                });
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                var fileName = "ERROR_" + dtNow + ".txt";
                LogTxt("程序错误：" + ex.Message, fileName);
                throw;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 日志记录
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="txt">日志内容</param>
        /// <param name="fileName">文件名</param>
        public static void LogTxt(string txt, string fileName)
        {
            string filePath = "/home/username/WorkerS/log";//绝对路径："C:\\WorkerS\\log"--"linux:/home/username/WorkerS/log"--//相对路径："log"
            if (!Directory.Exists(filePath))
            {
                Directory.CreateDirectory(filePath);
            }
            var dataTime = string.Format("{0:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}", DateTime.Now);
            fileName = filePath + "/" + fileName;

            StreamWriter sw = null;
            if (File.Exists(fileName))
            {
                sw = new StreamWriter(fileName, true, Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"));
            }
            else
            {
                sw = new StreamWriter(fileName, false, Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"));
            }
            StringBuilder dataRow = new StringBuilder("");
            dataRow.Append(dataTime + "：" + txt);
            sw.WriteLine(dataRow.ToString());
            sw.Close();
        }
    }

发布服务
vs2019内控制台命令：
dotnet publish -c Release -o C:\WorkerS
鼠标右击项目发布：

win10创建、管理服务：
需.NetCoreRunTime详见：
https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/core/install/windows?tabs=net50
cmd（管理员权限打开）
创建服务：sc.exe create ServiceName binPath=C:\WorkerS\TestWorkerService.exe
查询服务：sc.exe query ServiceName
启动服务：sc.exe start ServiceName
停止服务：sc.exe stop ServiceName
删除服务：sc.exe delete ServiceName
添加服务描述：sc.exe description ServiceName "描述"
改变服务的启动方式 手动/自动/禁用：sc.exe config ServiceName start= demand/auto/disabled

Linux部署服务（下面是我在sentos7上部署相关操作）：
首先需要安装.NetCore SDK：
具体见官方文档说明：https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/core/install/linux-centos
通过systemd守护进程部署服务：创建ServiceName.service文件到 /usr/lib/systemd/system/目录

cd /usr/lib/systemd/system/
sudo touch ServiceName.service

vim打开文件输入内容：

[Unit]
Description=Test Service Daemon #描述
After=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=simple #定义启动类型（）
WorkingDirectory=/home/username/WorkerS/ #指定项目路径
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dotnet TestWorkerService.dll #启动命令
Restart=always #服务崩溃重启 #on-failure =非正常退出时重启
User=root

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

重新加载配置文件：
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

启动：
sudo systemctl start ServiceName

停止：
sudo systemctl stop ServiceName

查看服务状态：
sudo systemctl status ServiceName

开机自启：
sudo systemctl enable ServiceName

关闭自启：
sudo systemctl disable ServiceName

查看服务日志：
sudo journalctl -u ServiceName

清理日志：
sudo journalctl --vacuum-time=1h

列出所有的服务：
systemctl list-units --type=service