数据科学（正则表达式）

使用正则表达式实现模式匹配

元字符 （参见 python 模块 re 文档）

    .                    匹配任意字符（不包括换行符）
    a                   字母a
    ab                   字符串ab
    ^                    匹配开始位置，多行模式下匹配每一行的开始
    $                    匹配结束位置，多行模式下匹配每一行的结束
    *                    匹配前一个元字符0到多次
    +                    匹配前一个元字符1到多次
    ?                    匹配前一个元字符0到1次
    {m,n}                匹配前一个元字符m到n次
    \\                   转义字符，跟在其后的字符将失去作为特殊元字符的含义，例如\\.只能匹配.，不能再匹配任意字符
    []                   字符集，一个字符的集合，可匹配其中任意一个字符
    [a,b,c,d]              a,b,c,d中的任意一个
    [^a,b,c,d]             除a,b,c,d之外的任意一个字符
    |                    逻辑表达式 或 ，比如 a|b 代表可匹配 a 或者 b
    (x)                 捕获组
    (...)                分组，默认为捕获，即被分组的内容可以被单独取出，默认每个分组有个索引，从 1 开始，按照"("的顺序决定索引值
    (?:x)               非捕获组
    (?iLmsux)            分组中可以设置模式，iLmsux之中的每个字符代表一个模式,用法参见 模式 I
    (?:...)              分组的不捕获模式，计算索引时会跳过这个分组
    (?P<name>...)        分组的命名模式，取此分组中的内容时可以使用索引也可以使用name
    (?P=name)            分组的引用模式，可在同一个正则表达式用引用前面命名过的正则
    (?#...)              注释，不影响正则表达式其它部分,用法参见 模式 I
    (?=...)              顺序肯定环视，表示所在位置右侧能够匹配括号内正则
    (?!...)              顺序否定环视，表示所在位置右侧不能匹配括号内正则
    (?<=...)             逆序肯定环视，表示所在位置左侧能够匹配括号内正则
    (?<!...)             逆序否定环视，表示所在位置左侧不能匹配括号内正则
    (?(id/name)yes|no)   若前面指定id或name的分区匹配成功则执行yes处的正则，否则执行no处的正则
    \number              匹配和前面索引为number的分组捕获到的内容一样的字符串
    \A                   匹配字符串开始位置，忽略多行模式
    \Z                   匹配字符串结束位置，忽略多行模式
    \b                   匹配位于单词开始或结束位置的空字符串
    \B                   匹配不位于单词开始或结束位置的空字符串
    \d                   匹配一个数字， 相当于 [0-9]
    \D                   匹配非数字,相当于 [^0-9]
    \s                   匹配任意空白字符， 相当于 [ \t\n\r\f\v]
    \S                   匹配非空白字符，相当于 [^ \t\n\r\f\v]
    \w                   匹配数字、字母、下划线中任意一个字符， 相当于 [a-zA-Z0-9_]
    \W                   匹配非数字、字母、下划线中的任意字符，相当于 [^a-zA-Z0-9_]
   [\u4e00-\u9fa5]            匹配中文字符的正则表达式

r"\w[-\w\.]*@\[-\w]*(\.\w[-\w]*)+"  #这是一个电子邮件地址

'\\w[-\\w\\.]*@\\[-\\w]*(\\.\\w[-\\w]*)+'

r'<TAG\b[^>]*<(.*?)</TAG>'#具有结束标签的HTML标签

'<TAG\\b[^>]*<(.*?)</TAG>'

r'[-+]?((\d*)\.?\d+)|(\d\.))([Ee][-+]?\d+)?'#这是一浮点数

'[-+]?((\\d*)\\.?\\d+)|(\\d\\.))([Ee][-+]?\\d+)?'

使用模块re进行搜索拆分和替换

re.split(pattern,string,maxsplit,flags=0)#通过pattern将字符串进行拆分之多maxsplit的子串
re.match(pattern,dtring,flags=0)#检查字符串的开头是否与正则表达式pattern匹配，如果匹配成功测返回一个mach对象，否侧返回None
re.search(pattern,sting,flags=0)#检查字符串是否匹配正则表达式的部分，如果匹配成功，则返回一个match对象，否则返回none
re.findall(pattern,sting,flags=0)#查找与正则表达式匹配的所有子字符串，该函数返回一个子字符串列表。
re.sub(pattern,repl,string,flags=0)#用repl替换字符串中的所有非重叠匹配部分

import re

re.split(r'\,','hello , world!')

['hello ', ' world!']

mo=re.match(r'\d+','636 342 5765 they are nums')

mo.group()#返回的对象可以使用strat(),end(),group()函数返回匹配片段的开始索引、结束索引以及片段本身

'636'

mo.start()

0

mo.end()

3

re.search(r'[a-z]+','23434 Tehgf sfds dsfd wdew ',re.I)#re.I忽略大小写

<re.Match object; span=(6, 11), match='Tehgf'>

re.search(r'[0-9a-zA-Z]*','21433,gdshfgh 3242 dfgdf 656 fdgvd')

<re.Match object; span=(0, 5), match='21433'>

re.findall(r'\S[\u4e00-\u9fa50-9a-zA-Z]+','21433 gdshfgh 3242 dfgdf 656 fdgvd 哈哈哈')

['21433', 'gdshfgh', '3242', 'dfgdf', '656', 'fdgvd', '哈哈哈']

re.sub(r'[\u4e00-\u9fa6]+','**','大使馆 dsfs 事故 3242 活动 dsfsfds 函数 3243交换机')

'** dsfs ** 3242 ** dsfsfds ** 3243**'

文件名与其他字符串

globbing是匹配文件名和通配符的过程，是正则表带是的简化版通配符可以包含特殊符号‘*’（表示0个或多个）和“？”(正好一个)

import glob

glob.glob('*.txt')

['测试文本.txt']

Pickling和Unpickling数据模块

pickle模块实现数据序列化——将任意python数据结构保存到文件中，将其作为python表达式读回。可以使用任何python程序读出文件被pickle的表达式。

import pickle
with open('测试文本.pickle','wb')as file:
    print(pickle.dump(object,file))

None

练习题

1.词频计数器

编写一个程序，用于下载用户请求的网页，并给出网页中使用最高的10个词，所有词不区分大小写。出于的目的，可以简单假设一个词由正则表达式r"\w+"确定。

import re
import sys
from collections import Counter
import requests
url=input('请输入要提取的网址')
while(1):
    if re.match(r'\w{4,5}:?\/\/[\w\.\d\/]+\w*',url)==None:
        url=input('输入的网页无效，请重新输入:')
    else:
        break
try:
    with requests.get(url)as doc:
        html=doc.text
        print(type(html))
        alist=re.findall('<p>.*[^<em></em>]</p>',html)
        s=' '.join(alist)
        #print(alist)
        count=Counter(s.split())
        dic=dict(count.most_common(10))
        print(dic)
except:
    print('could not open %s '%doc,file=sys.err)

请输入要提取的网址http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202104/22/WS6080cfeaa31024ad0bab980f.html
<class 'str'>
{'the': 18, 'of': 10, 'a': 9, 'in': 9, 'Chinese': 6, 'on': 5, 'to': 4, 'his': 4, 'with': 2, 'Cameron': 2}

2.文件索引器

编写一个程序，建立某个指定目录（文件夹）所有文件的索引。程序构造一个字典，其中键是所有文件中的唯一词（正则表达式r"\w+"所描述的、不区分大小写的词），并且字典里每个条目的值包含该词的文件名列表。例如，如果单词aloha出现在文件early-internet.dat和hawaiian-travel.txt中，则字典将具有这样的条目：{…,‘aloha’:[‘early-internet.dat’,‘hawaiian-travel.txt’]}。

另外，程序对该字典执行pickle操作，以供将来使用

import os
import re
from collections import Counter
path='data'
dirs = os.listdir(path)
text=dict()
for d in dirs:
     if re.search(r'\.[^i]\w*',d)!=None:
        f=open(path+'/'+d,'r',encoding='UTF-8')
        print(f)
        s=''.join(f.readlines())
        s=re.findall(r'\w+\w$'and r'[\S]+'and r'\D+$'and r'[^\:\|\-\?\(]+',s)
        s=' '.join(s)
        count=Counter(s.split())x
        for key in count.keys():
            if(key not in text.keys()):
                text[key]=[]
                text[key].append(d)
            else:
                text[key].append(d)
print(text)      
        
        

<_io.TextIOWrapper name='data/test.txt' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
<_io.TextIOWrapper name='data/test2.txt' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
<_io.TextIOWrapper name='data/text.txt' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
<_io.TextIOWrapper name='data/we.txt' mode='r' encoding='UTF-8'>
{'Herbalife': ['test.txt'], 'pins': ['test.txt'], 'hopes': ['test.txt'], 'on': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'dual': ['test.txt'], 'circulation': ['test.txt'], 'By': ['test.txt'], 'LIU': ['test.txt'], 'ZHIHUA': ['test.txt'], 'China': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'Daily': ['test.txt'], 'Updated': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], '2021': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], '04': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], '24': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], '07': ['test.txt'], '35': ['test.txt'], 'A': ['test.txt'], 'pedestrian': ['test.txt'], 'passes': ['test.txt'], 'an': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'advertisement': ['test.txt'], 'of': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'Nutrition': ['test.txt'], 'in': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'Nanjing,': ['test.txt'], 'Jiangsu': ['test.txt'], 'province.': ['test.txt'], 'WANG': ['test.txt'], 'QIMING/FOR': ['test.txt'], 'CHINA': ['test.txt'], 'DAILY': ['test.txt'], 'Nutrition,': ['test.txt'], 'the': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'United': ['test.txt'], 'States': ['test.txt'], 'based': ['test.txt'], 'global': ['test.txt'], 'nutrition': ['test.txt'], 'company,': ['test.txt'], 'will': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'continue': ['test.txt'], 'to': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'increase': ['test.txt'], 'its': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'investments': ['test.txt'], 'tap': ['test.txt'], 'growth': ['test.txt'], 'opportunities': ['test.txt'], 'arising': ['test.txt'], 'from': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'new': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'development': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'pattern,': ['test.txt'], 'a': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'top': ['test.txt'], 'company': ['test.txt'], 'executive': ['test.txt'], 'said.': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'Thomas': ['test.txt'], 'Harms,': ['test.txt'], 'senior': ['test.txt'], 'vice': ['test.txt'], 'president': ['test.txt'], 'and': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'managing': ['test.txt'], 'director': ['test.txt'], 'Asia': ['test.txt'], 'Pacific,': ['test.txt'], 'said': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'consumption': ['test.txt'], 'upgrade': ['test.txt'], 'domestic': ['test.txt'], 'demand': ['test.txt'], 'expansion,': ['test.txt'], 'which': ['test.txt'], 'are': ['test.txt', 'text.txt', 'we.txt'], 'included': ['test.txt'], "China's": ['test.txt'], 'plan': ['test.txt'], 'for': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], '14th': ['test.txt'], 'Five': ['test.txt'], 'Year': ['test.txt'], 'Plan': ['test.txt'], 'period': ['test.txt'], '25),': ['test.txt'], 'help': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'country': ['test.txt'], 'grow': ['test.txt'], 'consumer': ['test.txt'], 'base': ['test.txt'], 'under': ['test.txt'], 'plan,': ['test.txt'], 'providing': ['test.txt'], 'huge': ['test.txt'], 'potential': ['test.txt'], 'foreign': ['test.txt'], 'enterprises.': ['test.txt'], 'Uncertainties': ['test.txt'], 'COVID': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], '19': ['test.txt'], 'Sino': ['test.txt'], 'US': ['test.txt'], 'relations': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'not': ['test.txt'], 'change': ['test.txt'], 'expectations': ['test.txt'], 'market,': ['test.txt'], 'only': ['test.txt'], 'Herbalife,': ['test.txt'], 'but': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'any': ['test.txt'], 'he': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], '"We': ['test.txt'], 'committed': ['test.txt'], 'market': ['test.txt'], 'have': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'aspirations': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'here,"': ['test.txt'], 'said,': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'adding': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'that': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'it': ['test.txt'], 'would': ['test.txt'], 'be': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], "company's": ['test.txt'], 'second': ['test.txt'], 'largest': ['test.txt'], 'market.': ['test.txt'], 'Currently,': ['test.txt'], 'is': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], "Herbalife's": ['test.txt'], 'third': ['test.txt'], 'after': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'Mexico.': ['test.txt'], '"Quite': ['test.txt'], 'honestly,': ['test.txt'], 'I': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'think': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'everybody': ['test.txt'], 'understands': ['test.txt'], 'long': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'term': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'opportunity': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'strength': ['test.txt'], 'China."': ['test.txt'], 'He': ['test.txt'], 'made': ['test.txt'], 'remarks': ['test.txt'], 'during': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'recent': ['test.txt'], 'interview': ['test.txt'], 'Beijing,': ['test.txt'], 'School': ['test.txt'], 'Sport': ['test.txt'], 'Science,': ['test.txt'], 'Beijing': ['test.txt'], 'University,': ['test.txt'], 'jointly': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'unveiled': ['test.txt'], 'sports': ['test.txt'], 'study.': ['test.txt'], 'Present': ['test.txt'], 'since': ['test.txt'], '1998,': ['test.txt'], 'operates': ['test.txt'], 'about': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], '250': ['test.txt'], 'cities': ['test.txt'], 'has': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'been': ['test.txt'], 'accelerating': ['test.txt'], 'product': ['test.txt'], 'launches': ['test.txt'], 'half': ['test.txt'], '2019.': ['test.txt'], 'It': ['test.txt'], 'also': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'stepping': ['test.txt'], 'up': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'investment': ['test.txt'], 'years': ['test.txt'], 'opened': ['test.txt'], 'first': ['test.txt'], 'research': ['test.txt'], 'innovation': ['test.txt'], 'center,': ['test.txt'], 'Product': ['test.txt'], 'Innovation': ['test.txt'], 'Center,': ['test.txt'], 'Shanghai.': ['test.txt'], 'Harms': ['test.txt'], 'plans': ['test.txt'], 'localize': ['test.txt'], 'production': ['test.txt'], 'China.': ['test.txt'], 'entire': ['test.txt'], 'supply': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'chain': ['test.txt'], 'tea': ['test.txt'], 'products': ['test.txt'], 'China,': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'The': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'younger': ['test.txt'], 'generation': ['test.txt'], 'major': ['test.txt'], 'focus': ['test.txt'], 'as': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'believes': ['test.txt'], 'these': ['test.txt'], 'customers': ['test.txt'], 'more': ['test.txt'], 'interested': ['test.txt'], 'better': ['test.txt'], 'at': ['test.txt'], 'much': ['test.txt'], 'earlier': ['test.txt'], 'age': ['test.txt'], 'than': ['test.txt'], 'previous': ['test.txt'], 'generation,': ['test.txt'], 'According': ['test.txt'], 'Ministry': ['test.txt'], 'Commerce,': ['test.txt'], 'actual': ['test.txt'], 'use': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'hit': ['test.txt'], '302.47': ['test.txt'], 'billion': ['test.txt'], 'yuan': ['test.txt'], '$46.5': ['test.txt'], 'billion)': ['test.txt'], 'quarter': ['test.txt'], 'this': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'year,': ['test.txt'], '39.9': ['test.txt'], 'percent': ['test.txt'], 'yearly': ['test.txt'], 'basis,': ['test.txt'], 'while': ['test.txt'], 'dollar': ['test.txt'], 'terms,': ['test.txt'], 'figure': ['test.txt'], 'reached': ['test.txt'], '$44.86': ['test.txt'], 'billion,': ['test.txt'], '43.8': ['test.txt'], 'basis.': ['test.txt'], 'Experts': ['test.txt'], 'continuously': ['test.txt'], 'improving': ['test.txt'], 'business': ['test.txt'], 'environment': ['test.txt'], 'encouraging': ['test.txt'], 'economic': ['test.txt'], 'performance': ['test.txt'], 'helped': ['test.txt'], 'investors': ['test.txt'], 'sustain': ['test.txt'], 'their': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'Despite': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'epidemic,': ['test.txt'], 'launched': ['test.txt'], '18': ['test.txt'], 'last': ['test.txt'], 'setting': ['test.txt'], 'record': ['test.txt'], 'history.': ['test.txt'], 'all': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'selling': ['test.txt'], 'well,': ['test.txt'], 'with': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'sales': ['test.txt'], 'registering': ['test.txt'], 'double': ['test.txt'], 'digit': ['test.txt'], 'basis': ['test.txt'], 'six': ['test.txt'], 'months': ['test.txt'], 'year.': ['test.txt'], 'To': ['test.txt'], 'meet': ['test.txt'], 'Chinese': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'promote': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'knowledge,': ['test.txt'], 'collaborating': ['test.txt'], 'academics': ['test.txt'], 'winter': ['test.txt'], 'sport': ['test.txt'], 'research.': ['test.txt'], 'In': ['test.txt'], 'September': ['test.txt'], '2019,': ['test.txt'], 'donated': ['test.txt'], '$1.5': ['test.txt'], 'million': ['test.txt'], 'University': ['test.txt'], 'Education': ['test.txt'], 'Foundation': ['test.txt'], 'establish': ['test.txt'], 'Winter': ['test.txt'], 'Sports': ['test.txt'], 'Development': ['test.txt'], 'Fund.': ['test.txt'], 'Research': ['test.txt'], 'Center': ['test.txt'], 'was': ['test.txt'], 'established': ['test.txt', 'test2.txt'], 'study': ['test.txt', 'text.txt'], 'role': ['test.txt'], 'sports.': ['test.txt'], 'Premier': ['test2.txt'], 'Li': ['test2.txt'], 'Keqiang': ['test2.txt'], 'highlighted': ['test2.txt'], 'Friday': ['test2.txt'], 'importance': ['test2.txt'], 'Laos': ['test2.txt'], 'facilitate': ['test2.txt'], 'implementation': ['test2.txt'], 'Regional': ['test2.txt'], 'Comprehensive': ['test2.txt'], 'Economic': ['test2.txt'], 'Partnership': ['test2.txt'], 'early': ['test2.txt'], 'possible': ['test2.txt'], 'safeguard': ['test2.txt'], 'security': ['test2.txt'], 'stability': ['test2.txt'], 'regional': ['test2.txt'], 'industrial': ['test2.txt'], 'chains.': ['test2.txt'], 'Speaking': ['test2.txt'], 'phone': ['test2.txt'], 'conversation': ['test2.txt'], 'Phankham': ['test2.txt'], 'Viphavanh,': ['test2.txt'], 'prime': ['test2.txt'], 'minister': ['test2.txt'], 'Laos,': ['test2.txt'], 'called': ['test2.txt'], 'upon': ['test2.txt'], 'both': ['test2.txt'], 'sides': ['test2.txt'], 'upgrading': ['test2.txt'], 'between': ['test2.txt'], 'Association': ['test2.txt'], 'Southeast': ['test2.txt'], 'Asian': ['test2.txt'], 'Nations,': ['test2.txt'], 'uphold': ['test2.txt'], 'free': ['test2.txt'], 'trade': ['test2.txt'], 'enhance': ['test2.txt'], 'well': ['test2.txt'], 'being': ['test2.txt'], 'peoples.': ['test2.txt'], 'year': ['test2.txt'], 'marked': ['test2.txt'], '30th': ['test2.txt'], 'anniversary': ['test2.txt'], 'establishment': ['test2.txt'], 'dialogue': ['test2.txt'], 'relationship': ['test2.txt'], 'ASEAN.': ['test2.txt'], 'As': ['test2.txt'], 'friendly': ['test2.txt'], 'neighbors': ['test2.txt'], 'sharing': ['test2.txt'], 'common': ['test2.txt'], 'mountains': ['test2.txt'], 'waters,': ['test2.txt'], 'friendship,': ['test2.txt'], 'good': ['test2.txt'], 'two': ['test2.txt'], 'peoples': ['test2.txt'], 'standing': ['test2.txt'], 'test': ['test2.txt'], 'time': ['test2.txt'], 'continuing': ['test2.txt'], 'flourish,': ['test2.txt'], 'always': ['test2.txt'], 'taken': ['test2.txt'], 'bilateral': ['test2.txt'], 'priority': ['test2.txt'], 'neighborhood': ['test2.txt'], 'diplomacy.': ['test2.txt'], 'marks': ['test2.txt'], '60th': ['test2.txt'], 'diplomatic': ['test2.txt'], 'relations,': ['test2.txt'], 'stands': ['test2.txt'], 'ready': ['test2.txt'], 'work': ['test2.txt'], 'exchanges,': ['test2.txt'], 'deepen': ['test2.txt'], 'pragmatic': ['test2.txt'], 'win': ['test2.txt'], 'cooperation': ['test2.txt'], 'toward': ['test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'progress': ['test2.txt'], 'building': ['test2.txt'], 'community': ['test2.txt'], 'shared': ['test2.txt'], 'future,': ['test2.txt'], 'Viphavanh': ['test2.txt'], 'willing': ['test2.txt'], 'enable': ['test2.txt'], 'friendship': ['test2.txt'], 'reach': ['test2.txt'], 'deeper': ['test2.txt'], 'broader': ['test2.txt'], 'level.': ['test2.txt'], 'step': ['test2.txt'], 'communication': ['test2.txt'], 'coordination': ['test2.txt'], 'over': ['test2.txt'], 'international': ['test2.txt'], 'affairs': ['test2.txt'], 'move': ['test2.txt', 'text.txt'], 'forward': ['test2.txt'], 'ties': ['test2.txt'], 'ASEAN': ['test2.txt'], 'agreed': ['test2.txt'], 'fight': ['test2.txt'], 'against': ['test2.txt'], '19.': ['test2.txt'], "What's": ['text.txt'], 'behind': ['text.txt'], "parents'": ['text.txt'], 'anxiety': ['text.txt'], 'education': ['text.txt'], 'chinadaily.com.cn': ['text.txt'], '09': ['text.txt'], '00': ['text.txt'], "Editor's": ['text.txt'], 'note': ['text.txt'], '"A': ['text.txt'], 'Love': ['text.txt'], 'Dilemma,"': ['text.txt'], 'family': ['text.txt'], 'drama': ['text.txt'], 'focusing': ['text.txt'], 'three': ['text.txt'], "families'": ['text.txt'], 'different': ['text.txt'], 'attitudes': ['text.txt'], "children's": ['text.txt'], 'education,': ['text.txt'], 'sparked': ['text.txt'], 'heated': ['text.txt'], 'online': ['text.txt'], 'discussions.': ['text.txt'], "government's": ['text.txt'], 'lighten': ['text.txt'], 'burden': ['text.txt'], 'schoolwork,': ['text.txt'], 'many': ['text.txt'], 'parents': ['text.txt'], 'still': ['text.txt'], 'send': ['text.txt'], 'children': ['text.txt'], 'attend': ['text.txt'], 'various': ['text.txt'], 'school': ['text.txt'], 'training': ['text.txt'], 'classes': ['text.txt'], 'order': ['text.txt'], 'get': ['text.txt'], 'edge': ['text.txt'], 'exams': ['text.txt'], 'amid': ['text.txt'], 'fierce': ['text.txt'], 'competition.': ['text.txt'], 'Why': ['text.txt'], 'stressed': ['text.txt'], "child's": ['text.txt'], 'schooling': ['text.txt'], 'What': ['text.txt'], 'How': ['text.txt'], 'can': ['text.txt'], 'quality': ['text.txt'], 'achieved': ['text.txt'], 'Readers': ['text.txt'], 'share': ['text.txt'], 'opinions.': ['text.txt'], 'jetschin': ['text.txt'], 'sometimes': ['text.txt'], 'somehow': ['text.txt'], 'transferred': ['text.txt'], 'own': ['text.txt'], 'personal': ['text.txt'], 'children.': ['text.txt'], 'Thus,': ['text.txt'], 'relentless': ['text.txt'], 'efforts': ['text.txt'], 'very': ['text.txt'], 'hard,': ['text.txt'], 'etc...': ['text.txt'], 'intentions': ['text.txt'], 'may': ['text.txt'], 'noble': ['text.txt'], 'we': ['text.txt', 'we.txt'], 'need': ['text.txt'], 'understand': ['text.txt'], 'each': ['text.txt'], 'gifts': ['text.txt'], 'another,': ['text.txt'], 'even': ['text.txt'], 'though': ['text.txt'], 'siblings': ['text.txt'], 'come': ['text.txt'], 'same': ['text.txt'], 'parent.': ['text.txt'], 'Perhaps': ['text.txt'], 'what': ['text.txt'], 'do': ['text.txt'], 'nurture': ['text.txt'], 'refine': ['text.txt'], 'child': ['text.txt'], 'so': ['text.txt'], 'they': ['text.txt'], 'realize': ['text.txt'], 'fullest': ['text.txt'], 'potential.': ['text.txt']}

3.电话号码提取器

编写一个程序，从给定的所有文本文件中提取电话号码。这个任务并不容易，不同国家的电话号码书写格式超过几十种（请参考en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationnal_conventions_for_writing_telephone_numbers ）。你能设计一个正则表达式来捕获它们吗？