base64，string，blob, blob url互转的方法

话不多说，直接上代码：

 

<一>base64 转 blob

1，通过第三方包：b64-to-blob

import  b64ToBlob from 'b64-to-blob'

public base64ToBlob(base64: string): Promise<Blob> {
        return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
            try {
                let arr = base64.split(',');
                let mime = arr[0].match(/:(.*?);/)[1]
                resolve(b64ToBlob(arr[1], mime))
            } catch (error) {
                reject(error)
            }
        })
    }

2，通过js window下的方法atob

function dataURLtoBlob(dataurl) {
    let arr = dataurl.split(',')
    let mime = arr[0].match(/:(.*?);/)[1]

    let bstr = atob(arr[1])
    let n = bstr.length
    let u8arr = new Uint8Array(n)
    while (n--) {
        u8arr[n] = bstr.charCodeAt(n)
    }
    return new Blob([u8arr], { type: mime })
}

<二> blob 转 base64

public blobToBase64(blob: Blob): Promise<string> {
        return new Promise((resolve) => {
            try {
                let fileReader = new FileReader()
                fileReader.readAsDataURL(blob)
                fileReader.onloadend = function(e) {
                    let base64 = e.target.result
                    resolve(base64.toString())
                };
            } catch (error) {
                resolve("")
            }
        });
    }

<三> string 转blob

const blob = new Blob(stringVlaue], {type: 'text/plain;charset=utf-8'})

<四> string 转 base64

1. 通过js window下的方法btoa

const stringValue = 'helle'
const base64 = btoa(stringValue)

const stringData = atob(base64) // 这里拿到的是ASCII的编码，需拿到Unicode编码要再次转换成相应的编码

2.通过以下编码方法进行编码

const Base64 = {

  // private property
  _keyStr: "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=",

  // public method for encoding
  encode: function(input) {
      var output = "";
      var chr1, chr2, chr3, enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;
      var i = 0;

      input = Base64._utf8_encode(input);

      while (i < input.length) {

          chr1 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
          chr2 = input.charCodeAt(i++);
          chr3 = input.charCodeAt(i++);

          enc1 = chr1 >> 2;
          enc2 = ((chr1 & 3) << 4) | (chr2 >> 4);
          enc3 = ((chr2 & 15) << 2) | (chr3 >> 6);
          enc4 = chr3 & 63;

          if (isNaN(chr2)) {
              enc3 = enc4 = 64;
          } else if (isNaN(chr3)) {
              enc4 = 64;
          }

          output = output + this._keyStr.charAt(enc1) + this._keyStr.charAt(enc2) + this._keyStr.charAt(enc3) + this._keyStr.charAt(enc4);

      }

      return output;
  },
  // private method for UTF-8 encoding
  _utf8_encode: function(string) {
      string = string.replace(/\r\n/g, "\n");
      var utftext = "";

      for (var n = 0; n < string.length; n++) {

          var c = string.charCodeAt(n);

          if (c < 128) {
              utftext += String.fromCharCode(c);
          } else if ((c > 127) && (c < 2048)) {
              utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 6) | 192);
              utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
          } else {
              utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 12) | 224);
              utftext += String.fromCharCode(((c >> 6) & 63) | 128);
              utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
          }

      }

      return utftext;
  }
}

const stringValue = 'abcdef'
const base64 = Base64.encode(stringValue)

<五> base64转string

1. 通过js window下的方法atob

const stringData = atob(base64) //  base64必需，是一个通过 btoa() 方法编码的字符串(base64支字符串)

2.通过以下编码方法进行编码

const Base64 = {

  // private property
  _keyStr: "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=",

  // public method for decoding
  decode (input) {
    let output = ''
    let chr1 = ''
    let chr2 = ''
    let chr3 = ''
    let enc1 = ''
    let enc2 = ''
    let enc3 = ''
    let enc4 = ''
    let i = 0
    // eslint-disable-next-line
    input = input.replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9\+\/\=]/g, '')
    while (i < input.length) {
      enc1 = this._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++))
      enc2 = this._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++))
      enc3 = this._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++))
      enc4 = this._keyStr.indexOf(input.charAt(i++))
      chr1 = (enc1 << 2) | (enc2 >> 4)
      chr2 = ((enc2 & 15) << 4) | (enc3 >> 2)
      chr3 = ((enc3 & 3) << 6) | enc4
      output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr1)
      if (enc3 !== 64) {
        output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr2)
      }
      if (enc4 !== 64) {
        output = output + String.fromCharCode(chr3)
      }
    }
    output = this.utf8Decode(output)
    return output
  },
  // private method for UTF-8 decoding
  utf8Decode (utftext) {
    // 去除转换后的字符串无用的前缀'u«ZµìmþZvÚ±î¸' 只保留后面实际的文本部分
    utftext = utftext.split('î¸')[1]
    let string = ''
    let i = 0
    let c = 0
    let c2 = 0
    let c3 = 0
    while (i < utftext.length) {
      c = utftext.charCodeAt(i)
      if (c < 128) {
        string += String.fromCharCode(c)
        i++
      } else if ((c > 191) && (c < 224)) {
        c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i + 1)
        string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 31) << 6) | (c2 & 63))
        i += 2
      } else {
        c2 = utftext.charCodeAt(i + 1)
        c3 = utftext.charCodeAt(i + 2)
        string += String.fromCharCode(((c & 15) << 12) | ((c2 & 63) << 6) | (c3 & 63))
        i += 3
      }
    }
    return string
  }
}

const file // file必须是base64编码的数据格式
const string= Base64.decode(file)

<六> blob转blob url

window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)