Jackson 的 json数据解析

常见解析器：Jsonlib，Gson，fastjson，jackson

0 环境准备

1. pom依赖

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.18.12</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
    <version>2.12.4</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. javaBean对象

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String gender;
    private Date birthday;
}

1.1 对象转为Json字符串

1. Java对象转换

//创建一个测试入口
@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
    //创建person对象
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("张三");
    person.setAge(22);
    person.setGender("男");
    //创建objectmapper对象
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

    //1.直接获取json字符串
    String strJson = mapper.writeValueAsString(person);
    System.out.println(strJson);

    //2.使用File，将json写入文件
    //mapper.writeValue(new File("d://a.txt"),person);

    //3.将json写入字符输出流中
    //mapper.writeValue(new FileWriter("d://b.txt"),person);
}

• 注解使用

@JsonIgnore
private Date birthday;

@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
private Date birthday;

@Test
public void test2() throws JsonProcessingException {
    //创建person对象
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("张三");
    person.setAge(22);
    person.setGender("男");
    person.setBirthday(new Date());
    //创建objectMapper对象
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

    //直接输出不加注解的json字符串，
    //String strJson = mapper.writeValueAsString(person);
    //日期给出的为毫秒的显示形式
    //{"name":"张三","age":22,"gender":"男","birthday":1585447958272}
    //System.out.println(strJson);

    //给birthday加 @JsonIgnore
    //String strJson = mapper.writeValueAsString(person);
    //{"name":"张三","age":22,"gender":"男"}
    //System.out.println(strJson); 

    //给birthday加 @JsonFormat
    String strJson = mapper.writeValueAsString(person);
    //{"name":"张三","age":22,"gender":"男","birthday":"2020-03-29"}
    System.out.println(strJson);
}

2. List集合转换

//List集合如何转换为json
@Test
public void test3() throws JsonProcessingException {
    //创建person对象
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("张三");
    person1.setAge(22);
    person1.setGender("男");

    //创建person对象
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("李四");
    person2.setAge(18);
    person2.setGender("男");

    //创建person对象
    Person person3 = new Person();
    person3.setName("莉莉");
    person3.setAge(15);
    person3.setGender("女");

    //将对象添加到List集合中
    List<Person> list = new ArrayList<Person>();
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
    list.add(person3);

    //创建objectMapper对象
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    String strJson = mapper.writeValueAsString(list);
    /*
            [
                {"name":"张三","age":22,"gender":"男","birthday":null},
                {"name":"李四","age":18,"gender":"男","birthday":null},
                {"name":"莉莉","age":15,"gender":"女","birthday":null}
            ]
        */
    System.out.println(strJson);
}

3. map集合转换

//map集合如何转换为json
@Test
public void test4() throws JsonProcessingException {
    //创建map集合
    Map<String,Object> maps = new HashMap<String,Object>();
    maps.put("name","张三");
    maps.put("age",22);
    maps.put("gender","男");
    //创建objectMapper对象
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    String strJson = mapper.writeValueAsString(maps);
    //{"gender":"男","name":"张三","age":22}
    System.out.println(strJson);
}

1.2 Json字符串转为对象

1. 转为java对象

//json字符串转换为java对象
@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
    //json字符串
    String strJson = "{\"gender\":\"男\",\"name\":\"张三\",\"age\":22}";
    //创建objectMapper对象
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    //转换为person对象
    Person person = mapper.readValue(strJson, Person.class);
    //Person{name='张三', age=22, gender='男', birthday=null}
    System.out.println(person);
}

2. 转为List集合

@Test
public void test2() throws JsonProcessingException {
  String strJson = "[\n" +
    "                {\"name\":\"张三\",\"age\":22,\"gender\":\"男\",\"birthday\":null},\n" +
    "                {\"name\":\"李四\",\"age\":18,\"gender\":\"男\",\"birthday\":null},\n" +
    "                {\"name\":\"莉莉\",\"age\":15,\"gender\":\"女\",\"birthday\":null}\n" +
    "            ]";
  ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
  List<Person> peoples = mapper.readValue(strJson, new TypeReference<List<Person>>() {});
  for (Person people : peoples) {
    System.out.println(people);
  }
}

3. 转为map集合

@Test
public void test3() throws JsonProcessingException {
    String strJson = "{\"gender\":\"男\",\"name\":\"张三\",\"age\":22}";
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    Map<String, Object> map = mapper.readValue(strJson, new TypeReference<Map<String, Object>>() {});
    for (String key : map.keySet()) {
        System.out.println(key + ": " + map.get(key));
    }
}