Oracle创建和配置用户

创建用户，并为用户分配适当的概要文件和角色。可采取调用企业管理器数据库Express，以DBA1用户和SYSDBA登录后进行创建。但需要处理批量创建任务时，此方法并非高效。

另一种办法可以通过Oracle自带的gedit Text Editor创建一个sql脚本，具体指令为：

create user "&&username" identified by newuser profile "HRPROFILE" password expire account unlock default tablespace "USERS" temporary tablespace "TEMP"；

grant “&&role” to “&&username”；

grant "CONNECT" to “&&username”；

保存名称为P6script.sql文件，保存位置为/home/oracle/P6script.sql

运行P6script.sql文件，使用下面代码：

sqlplus dba1/oracle_4U as sysdba @/home/oracle/P6script.sql

 根据提示输入需要创建的用户名（JGOODMAN）和角色（HRMANAGER）：

[oracle@12c-env Desktop]$ sqlplus dba1/oracle_4U as sysdba @/home/oracle/P6script.sql

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Sat Aug 13 15:52:33 2022

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

Enter value for username: JGOODMAN
old   1: create user "&&username" identified by newuser profile "HRPROFILE" password expire account unlock default tablespace "USERS" temporary tablespace "TEMP"
new   1: create user "JGOODMAN" identified by newuser profile "HRPROFILE" password expire account unlock default tablespace "USERS" temporary tablespace "TEMP"

User created.

Enter value for role: HRMANAGER
old   1: grant "&&role" to "&&username"
new   1: grant "HRMANAGER" to "JGOODMAN"

Grant succeeded.

old   1: grant "CONNECT" to "&&username"
new   1: grant "CONNECT" to "JGOODMAN"

Grant succeeded.

SQL> connect jgoodman
Enter password: 
ERROR:
ORA-28001: the password has expired


Changing password for jgoodman
New password: 
Retype new password: 
Password changed
Connected.

备注：创建好用户后，首次登陆时需更改口令，默认口令为newuser