SpringMVC入门案列—十步就完成SpringMVC

一：创建Maven项目，添加各种需要的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringMVC</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <!--spring core-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--SpringMVC  -->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring context-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring web-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--serlver api-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mortbay.jetty/servlet-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5-6.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--JSP api-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jsp-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--servlet-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
            <version>5.5.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

二：配置web.xml中的DispatcherServlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--欢迎页-->
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
    <!--配置DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--加载前端控制器-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--启动时创建contextConfigLocation对象来加载spring.xml文件-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <!-- / 代表发任何请求,这里DispatcherServlet都会拦截-->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

三：配置Tomcat服务器
四：编一个hello类

/*Controller*/
public class hello {

    public String hello(){
        System.out.println("hello!");
        return "success";
    }
}

五：配置SpringConfig.xml,context&mvc的名称空间,并且开启扫描。
六：给hello类通过注解（IOC）创建对象，并且进行测试。

package com.young;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * Create by wuyang9769@163.com
 * Decorate:
 *
 * @author young_wu
 * @date 2020/11/21 0021 17:08
 * You can't be killed, it will only make you stronger
 */
/*Controller*/
@Controller
public class hello {
    @RequestMapping (path = "/hello")
    public String hello(){
        System.out.println("hello!");
        /*表示当前跳转文件的路径*/
        return "success";
    }
}

七：给hello类添加RequestMapping的注解，其path为/hello
八：在DispatcherServlet中配置加载视频spring.xml

<!--配置DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--启动时创建contextConfigLocation对象来加载spring.xml文件-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <!-- / 代表发任何请求,这里DispatcherServlet都会拦截-->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

九：创建页面跳转页面success.xml
十：在spring.xml配置视图解析器，视图解析器底层用于页面跳转。

<!--视图解析器-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--prefix用于查找目录-->
        <property name="prefix"  value="/WEB-INF/pages/success.jsp"></property>
        <!--suffix用于指定目录下的文件后缀-->
        <property name="suffix"  value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

最后测试吧！