mtcat2安装
1.下载相关安装包
http://dl.mycat.org.cn/2.0/install-template/mycat2-install-template-1.20.zip
http://dl.mycat.org.cn/2.0/1.21-release/
2.将jar放到mycat的lib下面,将mycat文件夹放到linux/usr/local/目录下,并修改权限
mtcat2启动
修改mycat的prototype的配置
1.修改数据源配置
cd /usr/local/mycat/conf/datasources/
vim prototypeDs.datasource.json
2.启动命令
cd mycat/bin
./mycat start 启动
./mycat status 查看启动状态
./mycat stop 停止
./mycat console 前台运行
./mycat restart 重启服务
3.登录
此登录方式用于维护管理
mysql -uroot -pLutu6688@ -P 9066
登录数据窗口,使用这种方式
mysql -uroot -pLutu6688@ -P 8066
mtcat2搭建主从复制
主机配置
修改配置文件 vim /etc/my.cnf
#主服务器唯一id
[mysqld]
server-id=1
#启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
#设置不要复制的数据库(可设置多个)
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
#设置需要复制的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=需要复制的主数据库名字
#设置logbin格式
binlog_format=STATEMENT
从机配置
修改配置文件 vim /etc/my.cnf
#从服务器唯一id
[mysqld]
server-id=2
#启用中继日志
relay-log=mysql-relay
如何停止从服务复制功能
stop slave
如何从新配置主从功能
stop slave
reset master
Navicat连接Mycat
修改/usr/local/mycat/conf/users/root.user.json中的用户名密码去连接
mtcat2读写分离配置
1.登录Mycat,创建逻辑库,配置数据源
#在Mycat里创建数据库test_sync
#创建db2逻辑库
create database test_sync
修改test_sync.json指定数据源"targetName":“prototype”,配置主机数据源
vim /usr/local/mycat/conf/schemas/test_sync.schema.json 添加"targetName":"prototype"
3.使用注解方式添加数据源
写数据源
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name" :"rwsepw" , "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.110:3306/test_sync?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true","user":"root","password" :"Lutu6688@"} */;
读数据源
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name" :"rwsepr" , "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.141:3306/test_sync?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true","user":"root","password" :"Lutu6688@"} */;
查询数据源
/*+ mycat:showDataSources{} */;
4.更新集群信息(此处命令有问题,可进入/usr/local/mycat/conf/clusters目录修改prototype.cluster.json文件如下图所示)
/*! mycat:createCluster{"name":"prototype","masters":["rwsepw"],"replicas":["rwsepr"]} */;
查看集群信息
/*+ mycat:showClusters{} */;
readBalanceType:
查询负载均衡策略
BALANCE_ALL(默认)
获取集群中所有数据源
BALANCE_ALL_READ
获取集群中允许读的数据源
BALANCE_READ_WRITE
获取集群中允许读写的数据源,但允许读的数据源优先
BALANCE_NONE
获取集群中允许写数据源,即主节点中选择
switchType
NOT_SWITCH:不进行主从切换
SWITCH:进行主从切换
重启mycat并验证
mysql双主双从
一个主机m1用于处理所有写请求,它的从机s1和另一台主机m2还有它的从机s2负责所有读请求。当m1主机宕机后,m2主机负责写请求,m1,m2互为备机。
编号 | 角色 | ip地址 | 机器名 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Master1 | 192.168.140.100 | atguigu01 |
2 | Slave1 | 192.168.140.99 | atguigu02 |
3 | Master2 | 192.168.140.98 | atguigu03 |
4 | Slave2 | 192.168.140.97 | atguigu04 |
1.搭建mysql数据库的主从复制(双主双从)
①->Master1修改配置
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=1
#启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
#设置不要复制的数据库(可设置多个)
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
#设置需要复制的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=需要复制的主数据库名字
#设置logbin格式
binlog_format=STATEMENT
#在作为从数据库的时候,有写入操作也要更新二进制日志文件
log-slave-updates
#表示自增长字段每次递增的量,指自增字段的起始值,其默认值是1,取值范围是1…65535
auto-increment-increment=2
#表示自增长字段从哪个数开始,指字段一次递增多少,它的取值范围是1…65535
auto-increment-offset=1
②->Master2修改配置
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=3
#启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
#设置不要复制的数据库(可设置多个)
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
#设置需要复制的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=需要复制的主数据库名字
#设置logbin格式
binlog_format=STATEMENT
#在作为从数据库的时候,有写入操作也要更新二进制日志文件
log-slave-updates
#表示自增长字段每次递增的量,指自增字段的起始值,其默认值是1,取值范围是1…65535
auto-increment-increment=2
#表示自增长字段从哪个数开始,指字段一次递增多少,它的取值范围是1…65535
auto-increment-offset=2
③->Slave1从机修改配置
修改配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=2
relay-log=mysql-relay 启用中继日志
④->Slave2从机修改配置
修改配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=4
relay-log=mysql-relay 启用中继日志
1.搭建mysql数据库的主从复制(双主双从)
2.双主双从配置
1.双主,双从重启mysql
systemctl restart mysqld
2.账号相同,4个库账号密码都是root/Lutu6688@
3.slave1复制master1,slave2复制master2
①master1主机查看状态
mysql> show master status;
mysql> show master status;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| binlog.000002 | 674 | | | |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#启动服务
start slave
#查看服务器状态
show slave status\G;
下面两个参数都是yes说明成功
Slave IO Running:yes
Slave SQL Running::yes
#Slave1从机上命令
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.140.100', MASTER_USER='root', MASTER_PASSWORD='Lutu6688@', MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000002', MASTER_LOG_POS=674;
①master2主机查看状态
mysql> show master status;
mysql> show master status;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| binlog.000003 | 675 | | | |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#Slave2从机上命令
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.140.98', MASTER_USER='root', MASTER_PASSWORD='Lutu6688@', MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000003', MASTER_LOG_POS=675;
#启动服务
start slave
#查看服务器状态
show slave status\G;
3.双主互为主备
Master2复制Master1,Master1复制Master2
1.Master2复制Master1,查看Master1状态
mysql> show master status;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| binlog.000002 | 674 | | | |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#Master2从机上命令
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.140.100', MASTER_USER='root', MASTER_PASSWORD='Lutu6688@', MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000002', MASTER_LOG_POS=674;
#启动服务
start slave
#查看服务器状态
show slave status\G;
2.Master1复制Master2,查看Master2状态
mysql> show master status;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| binlog.000003 | 675 | | | |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#Master2从机上命令
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.140.98, MASTER_USER='root', MASTER_PASSWORD='Lutu6688@', MASTER_LOG_FILE='binlog.000003', MASTER_LOG_POS=675;
#启动服务
start slave
#查看服务器状态
show slave status\G;
mycat双主双从配置
1.使用注解方式添加数据源
写数据源
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name" :"rwsepw2" , "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.98:3306/test_sync?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true","user":"root","password" :"Lutu6688@"} */;
读数据源
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name" :"rwsepr2" , "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.97:3306/test_sync?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useJDBCCompliantTimezoneShift=true","user":"root","password" :"Lutu6688@"} */;
2.修改集群
vim /usr/local/mycat/conf/clusters/prototype.cluster.json
#修改masters和replicas
"masters":[
"rwsepw","rwsepw2"
]
"replicas":[
"rwsepw2","rwsepr","rwsepr2"
]
#进入bin目录下重启mycat
./mycat restart
mycat2分库分表
1.在一主一从的背景下实现,修改datasource文件下文件,修改clusters下的主从文件
2.现有主从的服务器假设分别为192.168.0.100和192.168.0.99
3.添加数据源
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name" :"dw0" , "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.100:3306","user":"root","password" :"Lutu6688@"} */;
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name" :"dr0" , "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.100:3306","user":"root","password" :"Lutu6688@"} */;
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name" :"dw1" , "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.99:3306","user":"root","password" :"Lutu6688@"} */;
/*+ mycat:createDataSource{ "name" :"dr1" , "url":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.99:3306","user":"root","password" :"Lutu6688@"} */;
4.添加集群配置
把新添加的数据源配置成集群
/*! mycat:createCluster{"name":"c0","masters":["dw0"],"replicas":["dro"]} */;
/*! mycat:createCluster{"name":"c1","masters":["dw1"],"replicas":["dr1"]} */;
查看集群信息
cd /usr/local/mycat/conf/clusters
5.创建逻辑库bd1
CREATE DATABASE db1;
创建全局表BROADCAST(广播表)
CREATE TABLE db1.`division_city` (
`id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`province_code` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '省级行政区划代码',
`city_code` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '市级行政区划代码',
`city_name` text CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci COMMENT '城市名称',
`is_gengeral` int DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '是否直辖市 0:否 1:是',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=380 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3 COLLATE=utf8_croatian_ci BROADCAST;
7.查看db1.schema.json文件
分片表
CREATE TABLE db1.`orders` (
`id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`order_type` INT,
`customer_id` INT,
amount DECIMAL(10,2),
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `id` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
dbpartition BY mod_hash(customer_id) tbpartition BY mod_hash(customer_id) tbpartitions 1 tbpartitions 2;
//注释
dbpartition:数据库根据什么分片
tbpartition :表根据什么分片
tbpartitions 1 tbpartitions 2:表分一片,库分两片
ER表
CREATE TABLE db1.`order_detail` (
`id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`detail` VARCHAR(2000),
`order_id` INT,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
dbpartition BY mod_hash(order_id) tbpartition BY mod_hash(order_id) tbpartitions 1 tbpartitions 2;
查看ER分组关系
/*+ mycat:showErGroup{} */;
常用分片规则
1.HASH分片算法默要求c为前缀,数字为后缀,c0为第一个节点,c1为第二个节点。