Hive Lateral view介绍

1）. Lateral View语法

lateralView: LATERAL VIEW udtf(expression) tableAlias AS columnAlias (',' columnAlias)* fromClause: FROM baseTable (lateralView)*

2). Lateral View用于UDTF(user-defined table generating functions)中将行转成列，例如explode().

3). 目前Lateral View不支持有上而下的优化。如果使用Where子句，查询可能将不被编译。解决方法见：

此时，在查询之前执行et hive.optimize.ppd=false;

4).例子

pageAds。它有两个列：pageid，adid_list:

string pageid	Array<int> adid_list
"front_page"	[1, 2, 3]
"contact_page"	[3, 4, 5]

SELECT pageid, adid FROM pageAds LATERAL VIEW explode(adid_list) adTable AS adid;

将输出如下结果：

string pageid	int adid
"front_page"	1
"front_page"	2
"front_page"	3
"contact_page"	3
"contact_page"	4
"contact_page"

count/group可以被使用：

SELECT adid, count(1) FROM pageAds LATERAL VIEW explode(adid_list) adTable AS adid GROUP BY adid;

结果如下：

int adid	count(1)
1	1
2	1
3	2
4	1
5	1

5). 多个Lateral View

例如下面的HQL:

SELECT * FROM exampleTable LATERAL VIEW explode(col1) myTable1 AS myCol1 LATERAL VIEW explode(myCol1) myTable2 AS myCol2;

假设使用的base表如下：

Array<int> col1	Array<string> col2
[1, 2]	[a", "b", "c"]
[3, 4]	[d", "e", "f"]

HQL:

SELECT myCol1, col2 FROM baseTable LATERAL VIEW explode(col1) myTable1 AS myCol1;

将产生如下结果：

int mycol1	Array<string> col2
1	[a", "b", "c"]
2	[a", "b", "c"]
3	[d", "e", "f"]
4	[d", "e", "f"]

多个Lateral View的HQL：

SELECT myCol1, myCol2 FROM baseTable LATERAL VIEW explode(col1) myTable1 AS myCol1
LATERAL VIEW explode(col2) myTable2 AS myCol2;

将产生如下结果：

int myCol1	string myCol2
1	"a"
1	"b"
1	"c"
2	"a"
2	"b"
2	"c"
3	"d"
3	"e"
3	"f"
4	"d"
4	"e"
4	"f"