Effective Java笔记（一）

Effective Java（一）

用静态工厂方法代替构造器

public static Boolean valueOf(boolean b){
    return b?Boolean.TRUE:Boolean.FALSE;
}

遇到多个构造器参数时要考虑用构建器

构造器模式：使用多个构造器来初始化值
JavaBeans模式：使用setter来设置参数值
缺点：在构造的过程中可能处于不一致的状态

public class Example{
    private int parameter1 = 0;
    private int parameter2 = 0;

    public Example() {}
    public void setParameter1(int val){
        parameter1 = val;
    }
    public void setParameter2(int val){
        parameter2 = val;
    }
}

Example ex = new Example();
ex.setParameter1(1);
ex.setParameter2(2);

Builder模式：不直接生成想要的对象，让客户端利用所有必要的参数调用构造器，得到一个builder对象。

public class Example{
    private final int parameter1;
    private final int parameter2;

    public static class Builder{
        //required parameter
        private final int parameter1;
        //optional parameter - initialized to default values
        private int parameter2 = 0;

        public Buidler(int parameter1){
            this.parameter1 = parameter1;
        }

        public Builder setParameter2(int parameter2){
            this.parameter2 = parameter2;
            return this;
        }

        public Example build(){
            return new Example(this);
        }
    }
    private Example(Builder builder){
        parameter1 = builder.parameter1;
        parameter2 = builder.parameter2;
    }
}

Example ex = new Example.Builder(1).setParameter2(2).build();