基于K8S搭建HLS直播/点播云服务

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-29 20:04:37 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-06-29 20:04:37 发布

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分类专栏：云计算 k8s 微服务

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ysf465639310/article/details/104915419

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基于K8S搭建HLS直播/点播云服务

Nginx本身是一个非常出色的HTTP服务器,FFMPEG是非常好的音视频解决方案.这两个东西通过一个nginx的模块nginx-rtmp-module,
组合在一起即可以搭建一个功能相对比较完善的流媒体服务器。同时利用K8S集群管理，快速完成直播点播云服务。

nginx 配置参考HLS-搭建Nginx流媒体点播服务(SaaS docker)

Pod模块架构图

直播架构

模块讲解

待续

容器编排

管理容器代码省略

#Nginx点播服务
#nginx-hls.conf
worker_processes  auto;
#error_log  logs/error.log;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
	sendfile off;
	tcp_nopush on;
	directio 512;
	# aio on;
	
	# HTTP server required to serve the player and HLS fragments
	server {
		listen 8080;
		
		# Serve HLS fragments
		location /hls {
			types {
				application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
				video/mp2t ts;
			}
			root /mnt; #资源目录
            add_header Cache-Control no-cache; # Disable cache	
			# CORS setup
			add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*' always;
			add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length';
            
			# allow CORS preflight requests
			if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
				add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
				add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;
				add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain charset=UTF-8';
				add_header 'Content-Length' 0;
				return 204;
			}
		}
        # Serve DASH fragments
        location /dash {
            types {
                application/dash+xml mpd;
                video/mp4 mp4;
            }
			root /mnt;
			add_header Cache-Control no-cache; # Disable cache
            # CORS setup
            add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*' always;
            add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length';

            # Allow CORS preflight requests
            if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
                add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
                add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;
                add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain charset=UTF-8';
                add_header 'Content-Length' 0;
                return 204;
            }
        }
	}
}

#Nginx直播服务
#nginx-rtmp.conf
worker_processes  auto;
#error_log  logs/error.log;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
	sendfile off;
	tcp_nopush on;
	directio 512;
	# aio on;
	
	# HTTP server required to serve the player and HLS fragments
	server {
		listen 8080;		
		# This URL provides RTMP statistics in XML
		location /stat {
			rtmp_stat all;
			rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl; # Use stat.xsl stylesheet 
		}
		location /stat.xsl {
			# XML stylesheet to view RTMP stats.
			root /usr/local/nginx/html;
		}
		location /players {
			root /usr/local/nginx/html;    
		}
	}
}

rtmp {
    server {
		listen 1935; # Listen on standard RTMP port
		chunk_size 4000; 
		# ping 30s;
		# notify_method get;

		# This application is to accept incoming stream
		application live {
			live on; # Allows live input

			# for each received stream, transcode for adaptive streaming
			# This single ffmpeg command takes the input and transforms
			# the source into 4 different streams with different bitrates
			# and qualities. # these settings respect the aspect ratio.
			exec_push  /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg -i rtmp://localhost:1935/$app/$name -async 1 -vsync -1
						-c:v libx264 -c:a aac -b:v 256k  -b:a 64k  -vf "scale=480:trunc(ow/a/2)*2"  -tune zerolatency -preset superfast -crf 23 -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/show/$name_low
						-c:v libx264 -c:a aac -b:v 768k  -b:a 128k -vf "scale=720:trunc(ow/a/2)*2"  -tune zerolatency -preset superfast -crf 23 -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/show/$name_mid
						-c:v libx264 -c:a aac -b:v 1024k -b:a 128k -vf "scale=960:trunc(ow/a/2)*2"  -tune zerolatency -preset superfast -crf 23 -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/show/$name_high
						-c:v libx264 -c:a aac -b:v 1920k -b:a 128k -vf "scale=1280:trunc(ow/a/2)*2" -tune zerolatency -preset superfast -crf 23 -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/show/$name_hd720
						-c copy -f flv rtmp://localhost:1935/show/$name_src;
		}

		# This is the HLS application
		application show {
			live on; # Allows live input from above application
			deny play all; # disable consuming the stream from nginx as rtmp
			
			hls on; # Enable HTTP Live Streaming
			hls_fragment 3;
			hls_playlist_length 20;
			hls_path /mnt/hls/;  # hls fragments path
			# Instruct clients to adjust resolution according to bandwidth
			hls_variant _src BANDWIDTH=4096000; # Source bitrate, source resolution
			hls_variant _hd720 BANDWIDTH=2048000; # High bitrate, HD 720p resolution
			hls_variant _high BANDWIDTH=1152000; # High bitrate, higher-than-SD resolution
			hls_variant _mid BANDWIDTH=448000; # Medium bitrate, SD resolution
			hls_variant _low BANDWIDTH=288000; # Low bitrate, sub-SD resolution
			
			# MPEG-DASH
            dash on;
            dash_path /mnt/dash/;  # dash fragments path
			dash_fragment 3;
			dash_playlist_length 20;			
		}
	}
}

#创建configMap
kubectl create configmap nginx-rtmp-hls --from-file=nginx-rtmp.conf=./nginx-rtmp.conf --from-file=nginx-rtmp.conf=./nginx-rtmp.conf

#NFS存储模块
#pv-pvc-nfs.yml
#----------------创建pv---------------------
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv-nfs-pv01              #创建的pv名称可创建多个.
  namespace: mt-math             #属于的命名空间
  labels:
    pv: pv-nfs-01                #定义pv标签,后续通过pvc绑定特定的pv标签。通常如果不写标签则默认通过访问方式和storage大小进行批量绑定。(重要)
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 1Gi                 #创建的pv-nfs-pv01大小为1G
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteMany
  nfs:                           #创建的pv数据来源
    path: /NFS/pv01              #数据源目录
    server: 192.168.0.14         #数据源ip

---

#-----------------创建pvc------------------
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: nfs-data-pvc             #创建的pvc名称
  namespace: mt-math             #属于的命名空间 
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany                       
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 100Gi             #请求大小为1G
  selector:                      #定义标签选择器,此时k8s会根据标签,storage,访问方式 进行匹配。三者同时满足才会绑定。如果不定义,则系统会根据storage的大小和访问方式进行匹配绑定.
    matchLabels:
      pv: pv-nfs-01              #定义请求标签为pv-nfs-pv01的pv且大小为1G

#nginx直播模块
#nginx-rtm-deployment.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-rtmp
  namespace: mt-math            #属于的命名空间
  labels:
    app: nginx-rtmp
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx-rtmp-pod
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-rtmp-pod
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx-rtmp
        image: alqutami/rtmp-hls:latest-alpine
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
          - name: http
            containerPort: 8080
          - name: rtmp
            containerPort: 1935
        volumeMounts:
        - name: nfs-media-data
          mountPath: /mnt/hls
        - name: nginx-config                #挂载数据节点名称
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf  #挂载此目录
          subPath: nginx.conf
    volumes:
    - name: nfs-media-data 
      persistentVolumeClaim:
       claimName: nfs-data-pvc #NFS的ip地址
    - name: nginx-config
      configMap:
       name: nginx-rtmp-hls       #指定创建configMap的名称
       items:
        - key:  nginx-rtmp.conf    #key为文件名称
          path: nginx-rtmp.conf    #文件路径内容
    #imagePullSecrets:
    #- name: xxx # harbor

#nginx HLS 点播模块
#nginx-hls-deployment.yml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-hls
  namespace: mt-math            #属于的命名空间
  labels:
    app: nginx-hls
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx-hls-pod
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx-hls-pod
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx-hls
        image: alqutami/rtmp-hls:latest-alpine
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
          - name: http
            containerPort: 8080
        volumeMounts:
        - name: nfs-media-data
          mountPath: /mnt/hls
        - name: nginx-config                #挂载数据节点名称
          mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf  #挂载此目录
          subPath: nginx.conf
    volumes:
    - name: nfs-media-data 
      persistentVolumeClaim:
       claimName: nfs-data-pvc #NFS的ip地址
    - name: nginx-config
      configMap:
       name: nginx-rtmp-hls         #指定创建configMap的名称
       items:
        - key:  nginx-hls.conf      #key为文件名称
          path: nginx-hls.conf      #文件路径内容
    #imagePullSecrets:
    #- name: xxx # harbor

#对外服务模式
#service.yml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-rtmp-service             
  namespace: mt-math             #属于的命名空间
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx-rtmp              #针对标签为wyl-nginx的标签进行负载
  type: NodePort                 #正对Node节点进行端口暴露
  ports:                       
    - protocol: TCP              #使用端口的协议
      port: 1935                 #供内网访问暴露的端口
      targetPort: 1935           #目标pod的端口
      nodePort: 29995            #node节点暴露的端口
      
    #- protocol: HTTP             #使用端口的协议
    #  port: 8080                 #供内网访问暴露的端口
    #  targetPort: 8080           #目标pod的端口
    #  nodePort: 29995            #node节点暴露的端口
      
---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-hls-service             
  namespace: mt-math             #属于的命名空间
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx-hls               #针对标签为wyl-nginx的标签进行负载
  type: NodePort                 #正对Node节点进行端口暴露
  ports:                       
    - protocol: TCP              #使用端口的协议
      port: 8080                 #供内网访问暴露的端口
      targetPort: 8080           #目标pod的端口
      nodePort: 29994            #node节点暴露的端口

该模式缺点

由于通过读取ts文件的方式进行流媒体播放，如果用于直播，则有一定的时间延时。当配置ts时间间隔为1时，延时最小，测试发现大概在5~10秒左右的时间，但是对于一般的直播用户都可以接受。

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基于K8S搭建HLS直播/点播云服务

基于K8S搭建HLS直播/点播云服务Nginx本身是一个非常出色的HTTP服务器,FFMPEG是非常好的音视频解决方案.这两个东西通过一个nginx的模块nginx-rtmp-module,组合在一起即可以搭建一个功能相对比较完善的流媒体服务器。同时利用K8S集群管理，快速完成直播点播云服务。Pod模块架构图模块讲解待续容器编排待续该模式缺点由于通过读取ts文件的方式进行流媒体...
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