Mybatis持久层应用框架

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-22 17:28:40 发布

ysl2505726501

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-22 17:28:40 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ysl2505726501/article/details/120130001

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MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架，它支持定制化 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。MyBatis 避免了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码和手动设置参数以及获取结果集。MyBatis 可以使用简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原生信息，将接口和 Java 的 POJOs(Plain Ordinary Java Object,普通的 Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录。

一、构建mybatis框架需要准备内容：

1.下载jar包，mybatis.jar

2.全局的xml配置文件，mybatis配置文件，配置在类路径下

属性（properties），类的别名，环境（事务管理器，datasource数据源），mapper映射文件

（外部属性文件：如jdbc.properties）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
	<!-- 加载属性文件，把属性文件的值映射成属性key-value -->
	<properties resource="jdbc.props"/>

	<settings>
		<!-- 指定mybatis使用log4j作为日志管理的方式 -->
		<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
		<!-- 延迟加载或者懒加载 -->
		<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
		<!-- 积极的懒加载 -->
		<!-- <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="true"/> -->
	</settings>

	<typeAliases>
		<!-- 给全限定名org.lanqiao.entity.Student起一个别名Student，在xml映射文件中就可以使用Student代表全限定名 -->
		<!-- <typeAlias type="org.lanqiao.entity.Student" alias="Student"/> -->
		<!-- 让entity.lanqiao.entity包下所有实体类都默认起了别名（类名） -->
		<package name="org.lanqiao.entity"/>
	</typeAliases>

	<!--设置数据库连接的环境，选中dev环境-->
	<environments default="dev">
		<!-- dev环境 -->
		<environment id="dev">
			<!-- mybais采用jdbc处理事务的方式commit，roolback -->
			<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
			<!-- 数据源，连接池 -->
			<dataSource type="POOLED">
			<!-- 数据库连接的信息 -->
				<property name="driver" value="${jdbc_driverClass}"/>
				<property name="url" value="${jdbc_url}"/>
				<property name="username" value="${jdbc_username}"/>
				<property name="password" value="${jdbc_password}"/>
			</dataSource>
		</environment>
		<environment id="test">
			<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
			<dataSource type="POOL">
				<property name="" value=""/>
				<property name="" value=""/>
				<property name="" value=""/>
				<property name="" value=""/>
			</dataSource>
		</environment>
		<environment id="pro">
			<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
			<dataSource type="POOL">
				<property name="" value=""/>
				<property name="" value=""/>
				<property name="" value=""/>
				<property name="" value=""/>
			</dataSource>
		</environment>
	</environments>  
	
	<mappers>
	<!-- 映射的资源文件的位置 -->
	  	<mapper resource="org/lanqiao/mapper/StudentMapper.xml"/>
	  	<mapper resource="org/lanqiao/mapper/SgroupMapper.xml"/>
	  	<mapper resource="org/lanqiao/mapper/CourseMapper.xml"/>
	</mappers>
</configuration>

在src文件夹下

log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,std,file
log4j.appender.std=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.std.layout=org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayout

log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=d:/mybatis.log
#log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=[%d{HH:mm:ss:SSS}][%C-%M] -%m%n

3.接口增删改查方法

package org.lanqiao.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.lanqiao.entity.Student;

public interface StudentDao {
	public int insertStudent(Student student);
	public int updateStudent(Student student);
	public int deleteStudent(int i);
	public Student selectStudentById(Integer i);
	public List<Student> selectAllStudentsWithGroup();
	public List<Student> selectAllStudents();
	/**
	 * 根据条件查询满足条件的学生
	 * @param student
	 * @return
	 */
	public List<Student> selectStudentByCondition(Student student);
	/**
	 * 根据field进行排序
	 * @param field
	 * @return
	 */
	public List<Student> selectStudentOrderBy(String field);
	/**
	 * 通过多选的id进行查询
	 * @param stus
	 * @return
	 */
	public List<Student> selectStudentByIds(List<Student> stus);
	/**
	 * 一次插入多个学生
	 * @param stus
	 * @return
	 */
	public int insertStduents(List<Student> students);
}

4.映射文件（对应接口 namespace）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
  
<mapper namespace="org.lanqiao.dao.StudentDao">
	<!-- 开启namespace的二级缓存 -->
	<cache/>
	<resultMap type="Student" id="studentResultMap">
		<!-- property属性指的是java实体类的属性名，column指的是数据库的字段名，id标签指的是主键字段 -->
		<id property="id" column="id"/>
		<result property="name" column="name"/>
		<result property="age" column="age"/>
		<!-- assocaition，一对一的关系，student和sgroup -->
		<association property="sgroup" column="gid" select="org.lanqiao.dao.SgroupDao.selectSgroupByGid"/>
		<!-- collection，一对多的关系，一个学生对应多个课程 -->
		<collection property="courses" column="id" select="org.lanqiao.dao.CourseDao.selectCourseBySid"/>
	</resultMap>
	
	<!-- 
		<resultMap type="Student" id="studentResultMap2">
			<id property="id" column="id"/>
			<result property="name" column="name"/>
			<result property="age" column="age"/>
			通过对象属性进行关联
			<result property="sgroup.gid" column="gid"/>
			<result property="sgroup.gname" column="gname"/>
		</resultMap>
	-->
	<!-- 
	<resultMap type="Student" id="studentResultMap2">
		<id property="id" column="id"/>
		<result property="name" column="name"/>
		<result property="age" column="age"/>
		将属性和
		<association property="sgroup" javaType="Sgroup">
			<id property="gid" column="gid"/>
			<result property="gname" column="gname"/>
		</association>
	</resultMap>
	 -->
	 <!-- 
	 <resultMap type="Student" id="studentResultMap2">
		<id property="id" column="id"/>
		<result property="name" column="name"/>
		<result property="age" column="age"/>
		将
		<association property="sgroup" resultMap="sgroupResultMap"/>
	</resultMap>
	<resultMap type="Sgroup" id="sgroupResultMap">
		<id property="gid" column="gid"/>
		<result property="gname" column="gname"/>
	</resultMap>
	 -->


	<sql id="studentColumns">id,name,age</sql>
	<sql id="studentColumns1">id,name,age,gid</sql>
	
	<insert id="insertStudent" keyProperty="id" useGeneratedKeys="true">
		insert into student values(null,#{name},#{age},null)
	</insert>
	<insert id="insertStduents">
		insert into student value
		<foreach collection="list" item="student" separator=",">
			(null,#{student.name},#{student.age},null)
		</foreach>
	</insert>
	<delete id="deleteStudent">
		delete from student where id = #{id}
	</delete>
	<select id="selectAllStudents" resultMap="studentResultMap">
		select <include refid="studentColumns1"/> from student
	</select>
	<select id="selectStudentById" resultMap="studentResultMap">
		select * from student where id = #{id}
	</select>
	<select id="selectStudentOrderBy" resultType="Student">
		select * from student order by ${value} desc
	</select>
	<select id="selectStudentByIds" resultType="Student">
		select * from student where id in
		<!-- 用foreach批量查询id -->
		<foreach collection="list" item="student" open="(" close=")" separator=",">
			#{student.id}
		</foreach>
	</select>
	<update id="updateStudent">
		update student set name=#{name},age=#{age} where id =#{id}
	</update>
	
	<!-- 为了体现java的复用性，将是查询分开写，student完成，student的，group完成group的
	<select id="selectAllStudentsWithGroup" resultMap="studentResultMap2">
		select s.id,s.name,s.age,g.gid,g.gname from student s,sgroup g where s.gid = g.gid
	</select>
	 -->
	 
	 <select id="selectStudentByCondition" resultType="Student">
	 	select * from student 
	 	<where><!-- 1.动态产生where，内部的所有条件都不成立的话，不生成where
	 				2.动态去掉第一个条件的and -->
		 	<if test="id!=null">
		 		and id=#{id}
		 	</if>
		 	<if test="name!='' and name!=null">
		 		and name like concat('%',concat(#{name},'%'))
		 	</if>
		 	<if test="age!=null">
		 		and age=#{age}
		 	</if>
		 	<!-- 
		 	 <choose>当有一个条件满足时，后面的就不会再判断了
		 	 	<when test="id!=null">
		 	 		and id=#{id}
		 	 	</when>
		 	 	<when test="name!='' and name!=null">
		 	 		and name=#{name}
		 	 	</when>
		 	 	<when test="age!=null">
		 	 		and age=#{age}
		 	 	</when>
		 	 </choose>
		 	  -->
	 	 </where>
	 </select>
</mapper>

Mybatis核心组件：

SqlSessionFactoryBuilder：会根据配置信息或代码来生成SqlSessionFactory；
SqlSessionFactory：依靠工厂来生成SqlSession；
SqlSession：是一个既可以发送SQL去执行并返回结果，也可以获取Mapper的接口；
SQL Mapper：是MyBatis新设计的组件，由一个Java接口和XML文件构成，需要给出对应的SQL和映射规则。它负责发送SQL去执行，并返回结果。

private static InputStream is = null;
	private static SqlSession sqlSession = null;
	private static SqlSession sqlSession2 = null;
	private static StudentDao studentDao = null;
	private static StudentDao studentDao2 = null;
	@BeforeClass
	public static void init() throws IOException {
		 //第一步，把全局配置文件mubatis-config.xml读入流中
		is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
		//第二步，通过流（全局配置文件）创建一个sqlsession的工厂构建器
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
		//第三步，通过sqlSession工厂创建sqlSession对象
		sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		sqlSession2 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		//第四步，通过sqlsession获取StudentDao对象
		studentDao = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentDao.class);
		studentDao2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(StudentDao.class);
	}

7.单元测试JUnit

（1）从库中导入junit

（2）创建一个专门来单元测试的文件夹

（3）单元测试Junit使用的注解

junit4中常用注解 @BeforeClass @Before @AfterClass @After @Test @Ignore

junit5中常用注解 @BeforeAll @BeforeEach @AfterAll @ AfterEach @Test

package org.lanqiao.test;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;

public class testCycle {

	@Before
	public void before() {
		System.out.println("@Before.....");
	}
	
	@BeforeClass
	public static void init() {
		System.out.println("@BeforeClass.....");
	}
	
	@Test
	public void test() {
		System.out.println("test....");
	}
	
	@Test
	public void test1() {
		System.out.println("test1....");
	}

	@After
	public void after() {
		System.out.println("@after.....");
	}
	
	@AfterClass
	public static void destory() {
		System.out.println("@afterClass.....");
	}
}

二、Mybatis增删改查

修改接口和映射文件

<sql id="studentColumns">id,name,age</sql>
	<sql id="studentColumns1">id,name,age,gid</sql>
	
	<insert id="insertStudent" keyProperty="id" useGeneratedKeys="true">
		insert into student values(null,#{name},#{age},null)
	</insert>
	<insert id="insertStduents">
		insert into student value
		<foreach collection="list" item="student" separator=",">
			(null,#{student.name},#{student.age},null)
		</foreach>
	</insert>
	<delete id="deleteStudent">
		delete from student where id = #{id}
	</delete>
	<select id="selectAllStudents" resultMap="studentResultMap">
		select <include refid="studentColumns1"/> from student
	</select>
	<select id="selectStudentById" resultMap="studentResultMap">
		select * from student where id = #{id}
	</select>
	<select id="selectStudentOrderBy" resultType="Student">
		select * from student order by ${value} desc
	</select>
	<select id="selectStudentByIds" resultType="Student">
		select * from student where id in
		<!-- 用foreach批量查询id -->
		<foreach collection="list" item="student" open="(" close=")" separator=",">
			#{student.id}
		</foreach>
	</select>
	<update id="updateStudent">
		update student set name=#{name},age=#{age} where id =#{id}
	</update>

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Mybatis持久层应用框架

MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架，它支持定制化 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。MyBatis 避免了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码和手动设置参数以及获取结果集。MyBatis 可以使用简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原生信息，将接口和 Java 的 POJOs(Plain Ordinary Java Object,普通的 Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录。一、构建mybatis框架需要准备内容：1.下载jar包，mybatis.jar2.全局的xml配置文件，myba...
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