1066 Root of AVL Tree (25)

An AVL tree is a self-balancing binary search tree. In an AVL tree, the heights of the two child subtrees of any node differ by at most one; if at any time they differ by more than one, rebalancing is done to restore this property. Figures 1-4 illustrate the rotation rules.

Now given a sequence of insertions, you are supposed to tell the root of the resulting AVL tree.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains a positive integer N (<=20) which is the total number of keys to be inserted. Then N distinct integer keys are given in the next line. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.

Output Specification:

For each test case, print the root of the resulting AVL tree in one line.

Sample Input 1:

5
88 70 61 96 120

Sample Output 1:

70

Sample Input 2:

7
88 70 61 96 120 90 65

Sample Output 2:

88

思路：

给一系列数，构建平衡二叉树，输出它的根结点。

C++：

#include "cstdio"
#include "algorithm"

using namespace std;

struct node
{
	int v,height;
	node *lchild,*rchild;
}*root;

node* newNode(int v){
	node* Node=new node;
	Node->v=v;
	Node->height=1;
	Node->lchild=Node->rchild=NULL;
	return Node;
}

int getHeight(node* root){
	if(root==NULL)return 0;
	return root->height;
}

void updateHeight(node* root){
	root->height=max(getHeight(root->lchild),getHeight(root->rchild))+1;
}

int getBalanceFactor(node* root){
	return getHeight(root->lchild)-getHeight(root->rchild);
}

void L(node* &root){
	node* temp=root->rchild;
	root->rchild=temp->lchild;
	temp->lchild=root;
	updateHeight(root);
	updateHeight(temp);
	root=temp;
}

void R(node* &root){
	node* temp=root->lchild;
	root->lchild=temp->rchild;
	temp->rchild=root;
	updateHeight(root);
	updateHeight(temp);
	root=temp;
}

void insert(node* &root,int v){
	if(root==NULL){
		root=newNode(v);
		return;
	}
	if(v<root->v){
		insert(root->lchild,v);
		updateHeight(root);
		if(getBalanceFactor(root)==2){
			if(getBalanceFactor(root->lchild)==1){
				R(root);
			}else if(getBalanceFactor(root->lchild)==-1){
				L(root->lchild);
				R(root);
			}
		}
	}else{
		insert(root->rchild,v);
		updateHeight(root);
		if(getBalanceFactor(root)==-2){
			if(getBalanceFactor(root->rchild)==-1){
				L(root);
			}else if(getBalanceFactor(root->rchild)==1){
				R(root->rchild);
				L(root);
			}
		}
	}
}

int main(){
	int n,v;
	scanf("%d",&n);
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
		scanf("%d",&v);
		insert(root,v);
	}
	printf("%d\n",root->v);
	return 0;
}