用CoreData存储数据（一）基础

CoreData优点：能够合理管理内存，避免使用sql的麻烦，高效

Managed Object Context (管理数据内容)

操作实际内容（操作持久层）

作用：插入数据，查询数据，删除数据 , 管理对象，上下文，持久性存储模型对象

Managed Object Model (管理数据模型)

数据库所有表格或数据结构，包含各实体的定义信息

作用：添加实体的属性，建立属性之间的关系

Persistent Store Coordinator(持久性数据协调器)

相当于数据库的连接器

作用：设置数据存储的名字，位置，存储方式，和存储时机

Managed Object

相对于数据库中的表格记录

NSFetchRequrest （获取数据的请求）

相当于查询语句

NSEntityDescription（实体结构）

相当于表格结构

后缀为.xcdatamodeld的包

里面是.xcdatamodeld文件，用数据模型编辑器编辑编译后为.momd或.mom文件

创建工程步骤：

1.创建新项目时，选择coredata

如果是已有项目，需要添加coredata库引用，并在appdelegate添加代码

代码（在Appdelegate.h中）：

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import <CoreData/CoreData.h>
@interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;

@property (readonly,strong,nonatomic) NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext;
@property (readonly,strong,nonatomic) NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel;
@property (readonly,strong,nonatomic) NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *persistentStoreCoordinator;

-(void)saveContext;
-(NSURL *)applicationDocumentsDirectory;

@end

.m文件里面的实现

//
//  AppDelegate.m
//  TestCoredata
//
//  Created by jerehedu on 15/2/6.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 jereh. All rights reserved.
//

#import "AppDelegate.h"

@implementation AppDelegate

#pragma mark - Core Data stack

@synthesize managedObjectContext = _managedObjectContext;
@synthesize managedObjectModel = _managedObjectModel;
@synthesize persistentStoreCoordinator = _persistentStoreCoordinator;

// Returns the URL to the application's Documents directory.获取Documents路径
-(NSURL *)applicationDocumentsDirectory{
    return [[[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLsForDirectory:NSDocumentDirectory inDomains:NSUserDomainMask] lastObject];
}
// Returns the managed object model for the application.
// If the model doesn't already exist, it is created from the application's model.
-(NSManagedObjectModel *)managedObjectModel{
    if (_managedObjectModel != nil) {
        return _managedObjectModel;
    }
    NSURL *modelURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"TestCoredata" withExtension:@"momd"];
    _managedObjectModel = [[NSManagedObjectModel alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:modelURL];
    return _managedObjectModel;
}
// Returns the managed object context for the application.
// If the context doesn't already exist, it is created and bound to the persistent store coordinator for the application.
- (NSManagedObjectContext *)managedObjectContext
{
    if (_managedObjectContext != nil) {
        return _managedObjectContext;
    }
    NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *coordinator = [self persistentStoreCoordinator];
    if (!coordinator) {
        return nil;
    }
    _managedObjectContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init];
    [_managedObjectContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:coordinator];

    return _managedObjectContext;
}
// Returns the persistent store coordinator for the application.
// If the coordinator doesn't already exist, it is created and the application's store added to it.
- (NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *)persistentStoreCoordinator
{
    if (_persistentStoreCoordinator != nil) {
        return _persistentStoreCoordinator;
    }
     _persistentStoreCoordinator = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:[self managedObjectModel]];
    NSURL *storeURL = [[self applicationDocumentsDirectory] URLByAppendingPathComponent:@"TestCoredata.sqlite"];
    //<span style="font-size:14px;">此句执行<span style="font-family: Arial; line-height: 26px;">以后，你可以在Documents下面看到三个文件：</span><span style="font-family: Arial; line-height: 26px;">TestCoredata.sqlite</span>，<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">TestCoredata.sqlite-shm</span>，<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">TestCoredata.sqlite-wal</span>
</span>
    NSError *error = nil;
    NSString *failureReason = @"There was an error creating or loading the application's saved data.";
    if (![_persistentStoreCoordinator addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:storeURL options:nil error:&error]) {
        NSMutableDictionary *dict = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
        dict[NSLocalizedDescriptionKey] = @"Failed to initialize the application's saved data";
        dict[NSLocalizedFailureReasonErrorKey] = failureReason;
        dict[NSUnderlyingErrorKey] = error;
        error = [NSError errorWithDomain:@"YOUR_ERROR_DOMAIN" code:9999 userInfo:dict];
        NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
        abort();
    }
    return _persistentStoreCoordinator;
}

#pragma mark - Core Data Saving support
-(void)saveContext{
    NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext = self.managedObjectContext;
    if (managedObjectContext != nil) {
        NSError *error = nil;
        if ([managedObjectContext hasChanges] && ! [managedObjectContext save:&error]) {
            // Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately.
            // abort() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development.
            NSLog(@"Unresolved error %@, %@", error, [error userInfo]);
            abort();
        }
    }
}

@end

2.创建实体

3.添加属性

4.添加类

5.操作数据

（未完待续）