sort和substr用法

erase的用法：可用在vector，string，set等里面
erase 在vector中的两种用法
iterator erase (iterator position);//从向量中删除单个元素(位置)
iterator erase (iterator first, iterator last);//从向量中删除元素范围[first,last)。

// erasing from vector
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

int main ()
{
  std::vector<int> myvector;

  // set some values (from 1 to 10)
  for (int i=1; i<=10; i++) myvector.push_back(i);

  // erase the 6th element
  myvector.erase (myvector.begin()+5);

  // erase the first 3 elements:
  myvector.erase (myvector.begin(),myvector.begin()+3);

  std::cout << "myvector contains:";
  for (unsigned i=0; i<myvector.size(); ++i)
    std::cout << ' ' << myvector[i];
  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

erase 在string中的三种用法
sequence (1) string& erase (size_t pos = 0, size_t len = npos);
character (2) iterator erase (iterator p);
range (3) iterator erase (iterator first, iterator last);
eg:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main ()
{
  std::string str ("This is an example sentence.");
  std::cout << str << '\n';
                                           // "This is an example sentence."
  str.erase (10,8);                        //            ^^^^^^^^
  std::cout << str << '\n';
                                           // "This is an sentence."
  str.erase (str.begin()+9);               //           ^
  std::cout << str << '\n';
                                           // "This is a sentence."
  str.erase (str.begin()+5, str.end()-9);  //       ^^^^^
  std::cout << str << '\n';
                                           // "This sentence."
  return 0;
}

substr用法：
string substr (size_t pos = 0, size_t len = npos) const;

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main ()
{
  std::string str="We think in generalities, but we live in details.";
                                           // (quoting Alfred N. Whitehead)

  std::string str2 = str.substr (3,5);     // "think"

  std::size_t pos = str.find("live");      // position of "live" in str

  std::string str3 = str.substr (pos);     // get from "live" to the end

  std::cout << str2 << ' ' << str3 << '\n';

  return 0;
}