android 网络通信

除了通过标准的Java接口来实现android应用的联网操作（适用于简单的网络访问），Apache提供了HttpClient，它对java.net中的类做了封装和抽象，更适合android上开发联网应用，注意一定别忘了加权限，另外4.0的系统中网络访问不能在主线程中进行，不然会报异常。

1.HttpClient Get方式访问网络

		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
		HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
		try {
			HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
			if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse
						.getEntity());
				//InputStream inputStream = httpResponse.getEntity().getContent();
			}
		} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

这里我们得到了输入流和字符串,需要注意的是这两个方法不能同时使用，不然会报非法状态异常。

此外可以设置连接的一些属性，如连接超时等，在DefaultHttpClient的构造方法中将这个参数传入：

HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
　　            // 设置一些基本参数
　　            HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
　　            HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params,
　　                    CHARSET);
　　            HttpProtocolParams.setUseExpectContinue(params, true);
　　            HttpProtocolParams
　　                    .setUserAgent(
　　                            params,
　　                            "Mozilla/5.0(Linux;U;Android 2.2.1;en-us;Nexus One Build.FRG83) "
　　                                    + "AppleWebKit/553.1(KHTML,like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1");
　　            // 超时设置
　　            /* 从连接池中取连接的超时时间 */
　　            ConnManagerParams.setTimeout(params, 1000);
　　            /* 连接超时 */
　　            HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(params, 2000);
　　            /* 请求超时 */
　　            HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(params, 4000);
            
　　            // 设置我们的HttpClient支持HTTP和HTTPS两种模式
　　            SchemeRegistry schReg = new SchemeRegistry();
　　            schReg.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory
　　                    .getSocketFactory(), 80));
　　            schReg.register(new Scheme("https", SSLSocketFactory
　　                    .getSocketFactory(), 443));

　　            // 使用线程安全的连接管理来创建HttpClient
　　            ClientConnectionManager conMgr = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(
　　                    params, schReg);
　　            customerHttpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(conMgr, params);

有时需要进行多次联网尝试，可在最外层加个循环，设定尝试连接的最大次数：

		HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
		HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();

		int time = 0;
		final int RETRY_TIME = 3;
		do {
			try {
				System.out.println(url);
				HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
				System.out.println(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
				if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
					String strResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse
							.getEntity());
					System.out.println(strResult);
					//inputStream = httpResponse.getEntity().getContent();
				}
				break;
			} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				time++;
				if(time<RETRY_TIME){
					try { 
						Thread.sleep(1000);
					} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
						// TODO Auto-generated catch block
						e1.printStackTrace();
					}
					continue;
				}
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				time++;
				if(time<RETRY_TIME){
					try {
						Thread.sleep(1000);
					} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
						// TODO Auto-generated catch block
						e1.printStackTrace();
					}
					continue;
				}
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		} while (true);

2.HttpClient Post方式访问网络

	// httpclientPost获取数据
	void PostTest() {
		HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://www.baidu.com");
		List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
		list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "abc"));
		try {
			post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, HTTP.UTF_8));
			HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
				System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
			}

		}catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
		}
	}

3.java.net包的http连接

// http连接获取数据
	protected void getPhpData() {
		String urlStr = "";
		URL url;
		HttpURLConnection connection = null;
		BufferedReader reader = null;
		try {
			url = new URL(urlStr);
			connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
			connection.connect();
			reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
					connection.getInputStream()));
			String line;
			StringBuffer temp = new StringBuffer();
			while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
				temp.append(line);
			}
			line = temp.toString();
			Log.e("-----------------------", "-----------------------");
		} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			if (connection != null) {
				connection.disconnect();
			}
			if (reader != null) {
				try {
					reader.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}