JAVA多线程基础：线程的优先级

线程是对资源的抢夺，自然也就可以做设置每个线程的优先级

优先级设置

• 设置优先级：public final void setPriority(int new Priority);
  • 默认优先级: 5(NORM_PRIORITY)
  • 最高优先级：MAX_PRIORITY 10
  • 中等优先级：NORM_PRIORITY 5
  • 最低优先级：MIN_PRIORITY 1
• 获取优先级：public final int getPriority()

线程的强制执行

另外，我们可以在一个线程运行时，让另外一个线程强制执行（拥有更高的优先级），可以使用这个方法Thread.join();

public class test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
       Thread mainThread = Thread.currentThread();
       Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
           for (int x = 0; x < 100; x++){
               if (x == 3){
                   try {
                       mainThread.join(); //让主线程强制执行
                   } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                       e.printStackTrace();
                   }
               }
               System.out.println("thread == " + x);
           }
       });
        thread.start();
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++){
            System.out.println("霸道主线程mainThread == " + i);
        }
    }
}

• 效果如下：

霸道主线程mainThread == 0
thread == 0
霸道主线程mainThread == 1
thread == 1
霸道主线程mainThread == 2
thread == 2
霸道主线程mainThread == 3
霸道主线程mainThread == 4
霸道主线程mainThread == 5
霸道主线程mainThread == 6
……
霸道主线程mainThread == 96
霸道主线程mainThread == 97
霸道主线程mainThread == 98
霸道主线程mainThread == 99
thread == 3
thread == 4
thread == 5
thread == 6
thread == 7
thread == 8
……
thread == 96
thread == 97
thread == 98
thread == 99

线程的礼让

除了强制执行，我们还可以让当前的线程礼让

• 礼让：public void yield()

• 每次出现竞争的时候，都会礼让一次，大部分时候会礼让，但是不明显

    public static void main(String[] args) {
         Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
             for (int x = 0; x < 100; x++){
                 if (x % 3 == 0){
                     Thread.yield();
                     System.out.println("===========我礼让一次===========");
                 }
                 try {
                     Thread.sleep(100);
                 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                 }
                 System.out.println("thread == " + x);
             }
         });
          thread.start();
          for (int x = 0; x < 100; x++){
              try {
                  Thread.sleep(100);
              } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
              System.out.println("霸道主线程mainThread == " + x);
          }
      }
  

• 输出如下，大部分情况下，会让主线程先运行，但是不绝对

===========我礼让一次===========
thread == 0
霸道主线程mainThread == 0
霸道主线程mainThread == 1
thread == 1
thread == 2
===========我礼让一次===========
霸道主线程mainThread == 2
thread == 3
霸道主线程mainThread == 3
thread == 4
霸道主线程mainThread == 4
霸道主线程mainThread == 5
thread == 5
===========我礼让一次===========
霸道主线程mainThread == 6
thread == 6
霸道主线程mainThread == 7
thread == 7
thread == 8
===========我礼让一次===========
霸道主线程mainThread == 8
霸道主线程mainThread == 9
thread == 9
thread == 10
霸道主线程mainThread == 10
霸道主线程mainThread == 11
thread == 11
===========我礼让一次===========
thread == 12
霸道主线程mainThread == 12
thread == 13
霸道主线程mainThread == 13
霸道主线程mainThread == 14
thread == 14
===========我礼让一次===========
霸道主线程mainThread == 15
thread == 15
thread == 16
霸道主线程mainThread == 16
thread == 17
===========我礼让一次===========
霸道主线程mainThread == 17
霸道主线程mainThread == 18
thread == 18
thread == 19
霸道主线程mainThread == 19
thread == 20
===========我礼让一次===========
霸道主线程mainThread == 20
霸道主线程mainThread == 21
thread == 21
霸道主线程mainThread == 22
thread == 22
thread == 23
===========我礼让一次===========
霸道主线程mainThread == 23
thread == 24
霸道主线程mainThread == 24
thread == 25
霸道主线程mainThread == 25
thread == 26
===========我礼让一次===========
霸道主线程mainThread == 26
霸道主线程mainThread == 27
thread == 27
thread == 28
霸道主线程mainThread == 28
霸道主线程mainThread == 29
thread == 29
===========我礼让一次===========
霸道主线程mainThread == 30
…………