GUI编程
学习计算机知识步骤:
- 这是什么
- 怎么玩
- 应用
组件:
- 窗口
- 弹窗
- 面板
- 文本框
- 列表框
- 按钮
- 图片
- 监听事件
- 键盘事件
- 外挂经常用Java写,因为 隔了一层JVM,比C难发现
- 破解工具
1.简介
Gui的核心技术:Swing(封装),AWT(底层),不流行的原因:
- 需要jre:Java运行环境
- 界面不美观
那为什么要学呢?
- 了解MVC架构,了解监听,借鉴思想
- 写出自己心中的一些小工具
- 工作的时候也可能维护swing界面(概率极小,写破解)
2.AWT
2.1简介
AWT:抽象窗口工具
包含的元素:窗口,按钮,文本框
java.awt
2.2 组件和容器
Frame
顶级窗口
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//遇到不会的直接看源码
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面窗口");
//需要设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400,400);
//设置颜色
frame.setBackground(new Color(220, 192, 121));
//弹出的初始位置 初始点在左上角
frame.setLocation(200,200);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);
}
}
注意:窗口无法关闭,需要关闭IDEA
多个窗口(封装):
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//一次性展示多个窗口
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.red);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.BLACK);
MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.BLUE);
MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.darkGray);
MyFrame myFrame5 = new MyFrame(500, 500, 200, 200, Color.green);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
static int id = 0;//窗口计数器
//同名的,没有返回值的类参数就是构造器
public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color) {
super("MyFrame"+(++id));
//由于继承了父类,就直接调用父类的方法 去掉frame.setVisible(true);的frame.
setVisible(true);
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
setBackground(color);
}
}
Panel
解决了窗口关闭,并且无法单独显示,必须添加到某个容器中
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//Panel可以看成是一个空间,但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//设置布局
Panel panel = new Panel();
//允许往frame里面添加东西了
frame.setLayout(null);
frame.setBounds(200,200,600,600);
frame.setBackground(new Color(51, 128, 82));
panel.setBounds(0,0,500,500);
panel.setBackground(new Color(200,100,100));
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听事件,监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
//适配器模式 避免重写多个方法
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//点击窗口关闭的时候需要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
布局管理
-
流式布局
-
package com.yuboyao.lesson01; import java.awt.*; public class TestLayout { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame(); //组件-按钮 Button button1 = new Button("button1"); Button button2 = new Button("button2"); Button button3 = new Button("button3"); //设置为流式布局 //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT)); frame.setSize(500,500); frame.add(button1); frame.add(button2); frame.add(button3); frame.setVisible(true); } }
-
-
东西南北中
-
小技巧:win+r 输入mspaint 出现画图工具
-
package com.yuboyao.lesson01; import java.awt.*; public class TestBorderLayout { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame("好累啊,我不想学了"); Button east = new Button("East"); Button west = new Button("West"); Button south = new Button("South"); Button north = new Button("North"); Button center = new Button("Center"); frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST); frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST); frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH); frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH); frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER); frame.setSize(444,444); frame.setVisible(true); } }
-
-
表格布局
-
package com.yuboyao.lesson01; import java.awt.*; public class TestGridLayout { public static void main(String[] args) { Frame frame = new Frame("坚持就是胜利"); Button button1 = new Button("1"); Button button2 = new Button("2"); Button button3 = new Button("3"); Button button4 = new Button("4"); Button button5 = new Button("5"); Button button6 = new Button("6"); frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2)); frame.add(button1); frame.add(button2); frame.add(button3); frame.add(button4); frame.add(button5); frame.add(button6); frame.pack();//Java函数 自动最优化布局,不需要设置大小 frame.setVisible(true); } }
-
小测试
画出下图的界面
我的答案:
错误原因:不要直接动手,公司经常开会就是因为要构思,代码部分只占了20%的时间。 应该先建一个frame,然后上下两个大的panel,再在两个panel里面分别利用BorderLayout左边一个Button,中间一个panel,右边一个Button。
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import javax.swing.border.Border;
import java.awt.*;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//总frame
Frame frame = new Frame("测试题答案");
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(500,500);
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
frame.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
frame.setLocation(100,100);
//4个面板
Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
p1.add(new Button("button1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
p1.add(new Button("button2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
p2.add(new Button("button3"));
p2.add(new Button("button4"));
p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
p3.add(new Button("button5"),BorderLayout.EAST);
p3.add(new Button("button6"),BorderLayout.WEST);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
p4.add(new Button("button"+(i+7)));
}
p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.add(p1);
frame.add(p3);
}
}
事件监听
当某个事情发生的时候触发
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button = new Button();
//因为.addActionListener();需要一个ActionListener,所以我们构造一个
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
windowClose(frame);
}
//关闭窗体的时间
public static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("我是按钮");
}
}
多个按钮公用一个监听器:
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestActionTwo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button1 = new Button("start");
Button button2 = new Button("stop");
//设置tActionCommand,如果没有设置,就用默认的label
//这样多个按钮就只用写一个监听类
button2.setActionCommand("程序停止了");
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(500,500);
//如果有了frame.pack(); 根据源码,就会将窗口的最小大小设置为常量值,就会导致frame.setSize(500,500);无效了
frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("msg => "+e.getActionCommand());
//可知e.getActionCommand();是获得按钮的label
if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")){
System.out.println("111");
}
if (e.getActionCommand().equals("程序停止了")){
System.out.println("222");
}
}
}
输入框
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestText01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame2 myFrame2 = new MyFrame2();
}
}
class MyFrame2 extends Frame {
public MyFrame2() {
//单行文本框
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
MyMonitor2 myMonitor2 = new MyMonitor2();
//按下Enter就会触发输入框的事件
textField.addActionListener(myMonitor2);
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');
setVisible(true);
pack();
}
}
class MyMonitor2 implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//将返回值类型转换
TextField textField = (TextField)e.getSource();
//获得输入框的文本
System.out.println(textField.getText());
textField.setText("");//将文本设置为空,此处不能设置为null,因为.setText();要放入一个字符串而null是一个对象
}
}
计算器
op准则:组合 > 继承
class A extends B{
//继承,调用类的一般方法
}
class A{
public B b;
//组合,可以减少耦合性
}
计算器初识代码:
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
}
}
class Calculator extends Frame{
public Calculator(){
//计算器需要3个文本框,1个按钮,1个标签
TextField num1 = new TextField(15);
TextField num2 = new TextField(15);
TextField num3 = new TextField(30);
Button button = new Button("=");
MyCalcuatorActionListener myCalcuatorActionListener = new MyCalcuatorActionListener(num1,num2,num3);
button.addActionListener(myCalcuatorActionListener);
Label label = new Label("+");
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
setSize(1000,200);
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyCalcuatorActionListener implements ActionListener{
//通过传递参数的方法,一次性获取三个变量
private TextField num1,num2,num3;
public MyCalcuatorActionListener(TextField num1, TextField num2, TextField num3) {
this.num1 = num1;
this.num2 = num2;
this.num3 = num3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
改进为面向对象的写法:
所谓的面向对象,就是先确定有几个对象,然后给每个对象增加应具备的方法。
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadframe();
}
}
class Calculator extends Frame{
TextField num1,num2,num3;
public void loadframe(){
num1 = new TextField(15);
num2 = new TextField(15);
num3 = new TextField(30);
Button button = new Button("=");
Label label = new Label("+");
button.addActionListener( new MyCalcuatorActionListener(this));
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
setSize(1000,200);
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyCalcuatorActionListener implements ActionListener{
//获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另一个类
Calculator calculator =null;
public MyCalcuatorActionListener(Calculator calculator) {
this.calculator = calculator;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
calculator.num1.setText("");
calculator.num2.setText("");
}
}
变为使用内部类的写法:
将实现计算功能的监听器部分的代码放入计算器中,这样就可以直接调用Calculator的参数了
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadframe();
}
}
class Calculator extends Frame{
TextField num1,num2,num3;
public void loadframe(){
num1 = new TextField(15);
num2 = new TextField(15);
num3 = new TextField(30);
Button button = new Button("=");
Label label = new Label("+");
button.addActionListener( new MyCalcuatorActionListener());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
setSize(1000,200);
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
setVisible(true);
}
//内部类最大的好处就是可以畅通无阻的使用外部的属性和方法
private class MyCalcuatorActionListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
}
画笔
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadMyPaint();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
public void loadMyPaint(){
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100,100,600,500);
}
//Alt+Ins 重写方法
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//super.paint(g);
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.drawOval(100,100,150,130);
g.fillOval(200,300,200,200);
g.setColor(Color.MAGENTA);
g.fillRect(300,300,100,60);
//画完之后,将画笔还原到(注释掉)之前的颜色
}
}
鼠标监听
目的:捕捉鼠标移动,实现画画
思路:
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Myframe myframe =new Myframe("画图");
}
}
class Myframe extends Frame{
//存储鼠标的点
ArrayList points;
//Alt + Ins 构造函数
public Myframe(String title) {
super(title);
setBounds(100,100,500,400);
points = new ArrayList<>();
setVisible(true);
//设置鼠标监听器
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
}
//Alt + Ins 重写方法paint
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()){
Point point = (Point) iterator.next(); //如果还有下一个点,就将此点连接到下一个点
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10); //线由半径是10的位于笔尖的x,y坐标的点构成
}
}
//将监听到的鼠标位置传给画画的重写方法当中去
public void AddPoint(Point point){
points.add(point);
}
//内部类 鼠标监听器
//适配器模式,免去重写很多方法
private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
//得到画布资源
Myframe frame = (Myframe) e.getSource();
//用鼠标画一个点,并且保存
frame.AddPoint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
//每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
frame.repaint();
}
}
}
窗口监听
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
public WindowFrame() {
setBounds(100,100,300,200);
setVisible(true);
setBackground(Color.BLUE);
//匿名内部类 比内部类更好
this.addWindowListener(
new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("窗口已关闭");
System.exit(0);
}
@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
source.setTitle("被激活了");
System.out.println("窗口被激活");
}
}
);
}
}
键盘监听
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFram();
}
}
class KeyFram extends Frame{
public KeyFram() {
setBounds(1,2,300,400);
setVisible(true);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
//按下键盘
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//要知道按得是哪个键
int keycode = e.getKeyCode();
System.out.println(keycode); //不需要记录keycode,直接使用静态属性:VK_XXX
if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_D){
System.out.println("你按下了D键");
}
}
});
}
}
3.Swing
JFrame窗口
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JframeDemo02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyJframe02().init();
}
}
class MyJframe02 extends JFrame{
public void init(){
this.setBounds(100,100,300,400);
setVisible(true);
JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到我的笔记");
add(label);
//让文本标签居中 设置水平对齐
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
//获得一个容器
Container container = getContentPane();
container.setBackground(Color.cyan);
}
}
Dialog弹窗
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
public DialogDemo() {
this.setBounds(100,100,500,300);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Container container = getContentPane();
//绝对布局
container.setLayout(null);
//按钮
JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");
button.setBounds(50,50,200,50);
container.add(button);
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//弹窗
new MyDialogDemo();
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new DialogDemo();
}
}
//弹窗
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
public MyDialogDemo() {
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100,100,300,200);
//如果有下面这行关闭代码就会报错:defaultCloseOperation must be one of——————有关闭操作,不需要自己写
//this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Container container = this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(null);
Label label = new Label("123456789");
label.setSize(10000,200);
container.add(label);
}
}
标签
图标ICON
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
private int width;
private int height;
public IconDemo(int width,int height){
this.width = width;
this.height = height;
}
//无参构造,便于在写main()时少写两个参数————new IconDemo(width,height).init();
public IconDemo() {
}
public void init(){
IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
//图标放在标签或者按钮上
JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new IconDemo().init();
}
@Override
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
}
@Override
public int getIconWidth() {
return width;
}
@Override
public int getIconHeight() {
return height;
}
}
图片Icon
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
public ImageIconDemo() {
JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
//获取该类下的同级图片的地址
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("赵云-重做立绘.jpeg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
label.setIcon(imageIcon);
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container = getContentPane();
container.add(label);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,300,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ImageIconDemo();
}
}
面板
JPanel
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
public JPanelDemo() {
Container container = getContentPane();
container.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2,10,10));
JPanel jPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
jPanel.add(new JButton("1"));
jPanel.add(new JButton("2"));
jPanel.add(new JButton("3"));
jPanel.add(new JButton("4"));
jPanel2.add(new JButton("5"));
jPanel2.add(new JButton("6"));
jPanel3.add(new JButton("7"));
jPanel3.add(new JButton("8"));
jPanel4.add(new JButton("9"));
jPanel4.add(new JButton("10"));
container.add(jPanel);
container.add(jPanel2);
container.add(jPanel3);
container.add(jPanel4);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100,100,600,600);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPanelDemo();
}
}
JScrollPanel
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo() {
Container container = getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(1000, 2000);
textArea.setText("学习10%");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
按钮
- 图片按钮
package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo01() {
Container container = getContentPane();
//将一个图片变成一个图标
URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("赵云-重做立绘.jpeg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
//把图标放在按钮上
JButton button = new JButton();
button.setIcon(imageIcon);
button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");
container.add(button);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100,100,300,200);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo01();
}
}
-
单选按钮
-
package com.yuboyao.lesson01; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.net.URL; public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame { public JButtonDemo02() { Container container = getContentPane(); //将一个图片变成一个图标 URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("赵云-重做立绘.jpeg"); ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url); //单选框 JRadioButton radioButton01 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01"); JRadioButton radioButton02 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02"); JRadioButton radioButton03 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03"); //由于单选框只能选一个,分组,一个组中只能选一个 ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup(); buttonGroup.add(radioButton01); buttonGroup.add(radioButton02); buttonGroup.add(radioButton03); container.add(radioButton01,BorderLayout.NORTH); container.add(radioButton02,BorderLayout.CENTER); container.add(radioButton03,BorderLayout.SOUTH); setVisible(true); setBounds(100,100,300,200); setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new JButtonDemo02(); } }
-
复选按钮
-
package com.yuboyao.lesson01; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.net.URL; public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame { public JButtonDemo03() { Container container = getContentPane(); //将一个图片变成一个图标 URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("赵云-重做立绘.jpeg"); ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url); //多选框 JCheckBox jcheckBox01 = new JCheckBox("jcheckBox01"); JCheckBox jcheckBox02 = new JCheckBox("jcheckBox02"); container.add(jcheckBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH); container.add(jcheckBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH); setVisible(true); setBounds(100,100,300,200); setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new JButtonDemo03(); } }
列表
-
下拉框 应用:选择地区,或者一些单个选项
-
package com.yuboyao.lesson01; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.net.URL; public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame { public JButtonDemo03() { Container container = getContentPane(); //将一个图片变成一个图标 URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("赵云-重做立绘.jpeg"); ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url); //多选框 JCheckBox jcheckBox01 = new JCheckBox("jcheckBox01"); JCheckBox jcheckBox02 = new JCheckBox("jcheckBox02"); container.add(jcheckBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH); container.add(jcheckBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH); setVisible(true); setBounds(100,100,300,200); setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new JButtonDemo03(); } }
-
列表框 应用:展示信息,一般是动态扩容的
-
package com.yuboyao.lesson01; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.util.Vector; public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame { public TestComboboxDemo02() { Container container = getContentPane(); setVisible(true); setBounds(100,100,100,300); setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //用数组的初始化生产列表内容 //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"}; //放入列表当中 Vector contents = new Vector(); JList jList = new JList(contents); contents.add("wwwwwww"); contents.add("ccccc"); contents.add("lllllllll"); container.add(jList); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TestComboboxDemo02(); } }
文本框
-
文本框
-
package com.yuboyao.lesson01; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.util.Vector; public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame { public TestTextDemo01() { Container container = getContentPane(); setVisible(true); setBounds(100,100,100,300); setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JTextField jTextField = new JTextField("Hello"); JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("HelloMan"); container.add(jTextField,BorderLayout.NORTH); container.add(jTextField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TestTextDemo01(); } }
-
密码框
-
package com.yuboyao.lesson01; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.util.Vector; public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame { public TestTextDemo02() { Container container = getContentPane(); setVisible(true); setBounds(100,100,100,300); setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField(); jPasswordField.setEchoChar('@'); container.add(jPasswordField); } public static void main(String[] args) { new TestTextDemo02(); } }
-
文本域
-
package com.yuboyao.lesson01; import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame { public JScrollDemo() { Container container = getContentPane(); //文本域 JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(1000, 2000); textArea.setText("学习10%"); //Scroll面板 JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea); container.add(scrollPane); setVisible(true); setBounds(100,100,200,200); setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); } public static void main(String[] args) { new JScrollDemo(); } }
C/S :客户/服务器模式
B/S :浏览器服务器模式
贪吃蛇
人眼看30帧的效果就是动画
需要的概念:键盘监听 定时器
步骤:贪吃鹅大作战
- 定义数据
- 画上去
- 监听事件(键盘/事件)
图像数据处理
package goose;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class Data {
//相对路径 tx.jpg
//绝对路径 在前面加/
//标题
public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("static/标题.jpg");
public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);
//上下左右
public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("static/小鹅向上.jpg");
public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("static/小鹅向下.jpg");
public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("static/小鹅向左.png");
public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("static/小鹅向右.png");
public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
//身体
public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("static/身体.jpg");
public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
//食物
public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("static/食物.jpg");
public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}
游戏面板
package goose;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;
//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
//定义小鹅的数据结构
int length; //小鹅的初始长度
String direction; //初始方向
boolean isStart = false; //游戏的初始状态
boolean isFail = false;
int[] gooseX = new int[600]; //确定小鹅的各个身体位置的x,y坐标
int[] gooseY = new int[600];
//定时器 100ms执行一次
Timer timer = new Timer(100,this);
//食物坐标
int foodX;
int foody;
int score;
Random random = new Random();
//构造器
public GamePanel() {
init();
this.setFocusable(true); //获得焦点事件
this.addKeyListener(this); //获得键盘监听事件
}
//初始化方法
public void init(){
length = 2;
direction = "R";
gooseX[0] = 100; gooseY[0] = 100; //脑袋的坐标
gooseX[1] = 75; gooseY[1] = 100; //第一个身体的坐标
timer.start(); //游戏一开始,定时器就启动
//随机放置食物
foodX = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
score = 0;
}
@Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
//整个界面都用画笔g画
super.paintComponent(g); //清屏
this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
//放上标题
Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);
//游戏界面
g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);
//画食物
Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodX,foody);
//把小鹅画上去
//头
if(direction.equals("R")){
Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,gooseX[0],gooseY[0] );
}else if(direction.equals("L")){
Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,gooseX[0],gooseY[0] );
}else if(direction.equals("U")){
Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,gooseX[0],gooseY[0] );
}else if(direction.equals("D")){
Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,gooseX[0],gooseY[0] );
}
//身体
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,gooseX[i],gooseY[i] );
}
//游戏状态
if(isStart == false){
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
g.drawString("按下空格启动小鹅", 300,350);
}
if(isFail){
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
g.drawString("哎呀,小鹅撞到头了!o(╥﹏╥)o", 150,350);
}
//积分
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,20));
g.drawString("小鹅长度是:"+length, 550,15);
g.drawString("你的分数是:"+score, 550,45);
}
//继承KeyListener接口,写键盘监听事件
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keycode = e.getKeyCode();
if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){
if (isFail){
isFail =false;
init();
}else{
isStart = !isStart;
}
repaint();
}
//改变小鹅的头部方向
if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
direction = "U";
}else if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
direction = "D";
}else if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
direction = "L";
}else if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
direction = "R";
}
}
//Timer事件监听,控制小鹅移动
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if(isStart && isFail==false){
//右移
for (int i = length-1; i > 0 ; i--) {
gooseX[i] = gooseX[i-1];
gooseY[i] = gooseY[i-1];
}
if(direction.equals("R")){
gooseX[0] = gooseX[0]+25;
if(gooseX[0] > 850){gooseX[0] = 25;} //边界判断
}else if(direction.equals("L")){
gooseX[0] = gooseX[0]-25;
if(gooseX[0] < 25){gooseX[0] = 850;}
}else if(direction.equals("U")){
gooseY[0] = gooseY[0]-25;
if(gooseY[0] < 75){gooseY[0] = 650;}
}else if(direction.equals("D")){
gooseY[0] = gooseY[0]+25;
if(gooseY[0] > 650){gooseY[0] = 75;}
}
repaint();
}
//失败判断
for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
if(gooseX[0]==gooseX[i] && gooseY[0]==gooseY[i]){
isFail = true;
}
}
//吃食物
if(gooseX[0]==foodX && gooseY[0]==foody){
length++;
score+=10;
foodX = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
}
timer.start(); //定时器开始
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {}
}
游戏开始
package goose;
import javax.swing.*;
public class StartGame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setTitle("贪吃鹅小游戏");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setBounds(100,100,900,720); //算出来的
frame.setResizable(false); //大小不可变
//添加面板
frame.add(new GamePanel());
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}