JavaGUI编程

GUI编程

学习计算机知识步骤：

• 这是什么
• 怎么玩
• 应用

组件：

• 窗口
• 弹窗
• 面板
• 文本框
• 列表框
• 按钮
• 图片
• 监听事件
• 键盘事件
• 外挂经常用Java写，因为 隔了一层JVM，比C难发现
• 破解工具

1.简介

Gui的核心技术：Swing（封装），AWT（底层），不流行的原因：

• 需要jre：Java运行环境
• 界面不美观

那为什么要学呢？

• 了解MVC架构，了解监听，借鉴思想
• 写出自己心中的一些小工具
• 工作的时候也可能维护swing界面（概率极小，写破解）

2.AWT

2.1简介

AWT：抽象窗口工具

包含的元素：窗口，按钮，文本框

java.awt

2.2 组件和容器

Frame

顶级窗口

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //遇到不会的直接看源码
        Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图像界面窗口");
        //需要设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);
        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        //设置颜色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(220, 192, 121));
        //弹出的初始位置 初始点在左上角
        frame.setLocation(200,200);
        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

注意：窗口无法关闭，需要关闭IDEA

多个窗口（封装）：

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //一次性展示多个窗口
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.BLACK);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.BLUE);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.darkGray);
        MyFrame myFrame5 = new MyFrame(500, 500, 200, 200, Color.green);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    static int id = 0;//窗口计数器
    //同名的，没有返回值的类参数就是构造器
    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color) {
        super("MyFrame"+(++id));
        //由于继承了父类，就直接调用父类的方法 去掉frame.setVisible(true);的frame.
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setBackground(color);
    }
}

Panel

解决了窗口关闭，并且无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //设置布局
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //允许往frame里面添加东西了
        frame.setLayout(null);

        frame.setBounds(200,200,600,600);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(51, 128, 82));
        panel.setBounds(0,0,500,500);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(200,100,100));
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式 避免重写多个方法
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //点击窗口关闭的时候需要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

布局管理

• 流式布局

  • package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class TestLayout {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Frame frame = new Frame();
            //组件-按钮
            Button button1 = new Button("button1");
            Button button2 = new Button("button2");
            Button button3 = new Button("button3");
            //设置为流式布局
            //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
            frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
            frame.setSize(500,500);
            frame.add(button1);
            frame.add(button2);
            frame.add(button3);
            frame.setVisible(true);
        }
    }
    

    

• 东西南北中

  • 小技巧：win+r 输入mspaint 出现画图工具

  • package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class TestBorderLayout {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Frame frame = new Frame("好累啊，我不想学了");
    
            Button east = new Button("East");
            Button west = new Button("West");
            Button south = new Button("South");
            Button north = new Button("North");
            Button center = new Button("Center");
    
            frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
            frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
            frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
            frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
            frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
    
            frame.setSize(444,444);
            frame.setVisible(true);
        }
    }
    

  

• 表格布局

  • package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
    
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class TestGridLayout {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Frame frame = new Frame("坚持就是胜利");
    
            Button button1 = new Button("1");
            Button button2 = new Button("2");
            Button button3 = new Button("3");
            Button button4 = new Button("4");
            Button button5 = new Button("5");
            Button button6 = new Button("6");
    
            frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
    
            frame.add(button1);
            frame.add(button2);
            frame.add(button3);
            frame.add(button4);
            frame.add(button5);
            frame.add(button6);
    
            frame.pack();//Java函数 自动最优化布局，不需要设置大小
            frame.setVisible(true);
    
    
        }
    }
    

  

小测试

画出下图的界面

我的答案：

错误原因：不要直接动手，公司经常开会就是因为要构思，代码部分只占了20%的时间。 应该先建一个frame，然后上下两个大的panel，再在两个panel里面分别利用BorderLayout左边一个Button，中间一个panel，右边一个Button。

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import javax.swing.border.Border;
import java.awt.*;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总frame
        Frame frame = new Frame("测试题答案");
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setSize(500,500);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        frame.setLocation(100,100);

        //4个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        p1.add(new Button("button1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("button2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("button3"));
        p2.add(new Button("button4"));
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        p3.add(new Button("button5"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("button6"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("button"+(i+7)));
        }
        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);
    }
}

事件监听

当某个事情发生的时候触发

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();

        //因为.addActionListener();需要一个ActionListener，所以我们构造一个
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);

        windowClose(frame);
    }

    //关闭窗体的时间
    public static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("我是按钮");
    }
}

多个按钮公用一个监听器：

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");

        //设置tActionCommand，如果没有设置，就用默认的label
        //这样多个按钮就只用写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("程序停止了");

        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setSize(500,500);
        //如果有了frame.pack(); 根据源码，就会将窗口的最小大小设置为常量值，就会导致frame.setSize(500,500);无效了
        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
    }
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("msg => "+e.getActionCommand());
        //可知e.getActionCommand();是获得按钮的label
        if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")){
            System.out.println("111");
        }
        if (e.getActionCommand().equals("程序停止了")){
            System.out.println("222");
        }
    }
}

输入框

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;


public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame2 myFrame2 = new MyFrame2();
    }
}
class MyFrame2 extends Frame {
    public MyFrame2() {
        //单行文本框
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
        MyMonitor2 myMonitor2 = new MyMonitor2();
        //按下Enter就会触发输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myMonitor2);
        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}
class MyMonitor2 implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //将返回值类型转换
        TextField textField = (TextField)e.getSource();
        //获得输入框的文本
        System.out.println(textField.getText());
        textField.setText("");//将文本设置为空，此处不能设置为null，因为.setText();要放入一个字符串而null是一个对象

    }
}

计算器

op准则：组合 > 继承

class A extends B{
	//继承，调用类的一般方法    
}
class A{
    public B b;
    //组合，可以减少耦合性
}

计算器初识代码：

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;



public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
    }
}

class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator(){
        //计算器需要3个文本框，1个按钮，1个标签
        TextField num1 = new TextField(15);
        TextField num2 = new TextField(15);
        TextField num3 = new TextField(30);
        Button button = new Button("=");
        MyCalcuatorActionListener myCalcuatorActionListener = new MyCalcuatorActionListener(num1,num2,num3);
        button.addActionListener(myCalcuatorActionListener);
        Label label = new Label("+");
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);


        setSize(1000,200);
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyCalcuatorActionListener implements ActionListener{

    //通过传递参数的方法，一次性获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public MyCalcuatorActionListener(TextField num1, TextField num2, TextField num3) {
        this.num1 = num1;
        this.num2 = num2;
        this.num3 = num3;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

改进为面向对象的写法：

所谓的面向对象，就是先确定有几个对象，然后给每个对象增加应具备的方法。

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;



public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadframe();
    }
}

class Calculator extends Frame{
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public void loadframe(){
        num1 = new TextField(15);
        num2 = new TextField(15);
        num3 = new TextField(30);
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener( new MyCalcuatorActionListener(this));

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);


        setSize(1000,200);
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyCalcuatorActionListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取计算器这个对象，在一个类中组合另一个类
    Calculator calculator =null;
    public MyCalcuatorActionListener(Calculator calculator) {
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());
        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

变为使用内部类的写法：

将实现计算功能的监听器部分的代码放入计算器中，这样就可以直接调用Calculator的参数了

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;



public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadframe();
    }
}

class Calculator extends Frame{
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public void loadframe(){
        num1 = new TextField(15);
        num2 = new TextField(15);
        num3 = new TextField(30);
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");

        button.addActionListener( new MyCalcuatorActionListener());

        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);


        setSize(1000,200);
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //内部类最大的好处就是可以畅通无阻的使用外部的属性和方法
    private class MyCalcuatorActionListener implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

画笔

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadMyPaint();
    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame{
    public void loadMyPaint(){
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,600,500);
    }
    //Alt+Ins 重写方法

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //super.paint(g);
        g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
        g.drawOval(100,100,150,130);
        g.fillOval(200,300,200,200);
        g.setColor(Color.MAGENTA);
        g.fillRect(300,300,100,60);
        //画完之后，将画笔还原到（注释掉）之前的颜色
    }
}

鼠标监听

目的：捕捉鼠标移动，实现画画

思路：

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Myframe myframe =new Myframe("画图");
    }
}

class Myframe extends Frame{
    //存储鼠标的点
    ArrayList points;
    //Alt + Ins 构造函数
    public Myframe(String title)  {
        super(title);
        setBounds(100,100,500,400);
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        setVisible(true);

        //设置鼠标监听器
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());

    }

    //Alt + Ins 重写方法paint
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next(); //如果还有下一个点，就将此点连接到下一个点
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10); //线由半径是10的位于笔尖的x，y坐标的点构成
        }
    }

    //将监听到的鼠标位置传给画画的重写方法当中去
    public void AddPoint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }

    //内部类 鼠标监听器
    //适配器模式，免去重写很多方法
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            //得到画布资源
            Myframe frame = (Myframe) e.getSource();
            //用鼠标画一个点，并且保存
            frame.AddPoint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));

            //每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
            frame.repaint();

        }
    }
}

窗口监听

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}

class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame()  {
        setBounds(100,100,300,200);
        setVisible(true);
        setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        //匿名内部类 比内部类更好
        this.addWindowListener(
                new WindowAdapter() {
                    @Override
                    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                        System.out.println("窗口已关闭");
                        System.exit(0);
                    }
                    @Override
                    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                        WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                        source.setTitle("被激活了");
                        System.out.println("窗口被激活");
                    }
                }
        );
    }

}

键盘监听

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFram();
    }
}

class KeyFram extends Frame{
    public KeyFram()  {
        setBounds(1,2,300,400);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            //按下键盘
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //要知道按得是哪个键
                int keycode = e.getKeyCode();
                System.out.println(keycode);    //不需要记录keycode，直接使用静态属性：VK_XXX
                if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_D){
                    System.out.println("你按下了D键");
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

3.Swing

JFrame窗口

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JframeDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJframe02().init();
    }
}

class MyJframe02 extends JFrame{
    public void init(){
        this.setBounds(100,100,300,400);
        setVisible(true);
        JLabel label = new JLabel("欢迎来到我的笔记");
        add(label);

        //让文本标签居中 设置水平对齐
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        //获得一个容器
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.cyan);
    }
}

Dialog弹窗

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,300);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        Container container = getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);
        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");
        button.setBounds(50,50,200,50);
        container.add(button);
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}

//弹窗
class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,300,200);
        //如果有下面这行关闭代码就会报错：defaultCloseOperation must be one of——————有关闭操作，不需要自己写
        //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);
        Label label = new Label("123456789");
        label.setSize(10000,200);
        container.add(label);
    }
}

标签

图标ICON

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;
    public IconDemo(int width,int height){
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    //无参构造，便于在写main()时少写两个参数————new IconDemo(width,height).init();
    public IconDemo() {

    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签或者按钮上
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);
        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return height;
    }
}

图片Icon

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public ImageIconDemo() {
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        //获取该类下的同级图片的地址
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("赵云-重做立绘.jpeg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);
        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100,100,300,300);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

面板

JPanel

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2,10,10));

        JPanel jPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
        JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        jPanel.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("5"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("6"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("7"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("8"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("9"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("10"));

        container.add(jPanel);
        container.add(jPanel2);
        container.add(jPanel3);
        container.add(jPanel4);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,600,600);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

JScrollPanel

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(1000, 2000);
        textArea.setText("学习10%");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

按钮

• 图片按钮

package com.yuboyao.lesson01;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01() {
        Container container = getContentPane();
        //将一个图片变成一个图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("赵云-重做立绘.jpeg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //把图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(imageIcon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        container.add(button);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,300,200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

• 单选按钮

• package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
  
  import javax.swing.*;
  import java.awt.*;
  import java.net.URL;
  
  public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
      public JButtonDemo02() {
          Container container = getContentPane();
          //将一个图片变成一个图标
          URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("赵云-重做立绘.jpeg");
          ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
  
          //单选框
          JRadioButton radioButton01 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");
          JRadioButton radioButton02 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");
          JRadioButton radioButton03 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");
          //由于单选框只能选一个，分组，一个组中只能选一个
          ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
          buttonGroup.add(radioButton01);
          buttonGroup.add(radioButton02);
          buttonGroup.add(radioButton03);
  
          container.add(radioButton01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
          container.add(radioButton02,BorderLayout.CENTER);
          container.add(radioButton03,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
  
          setVisible(true);
          setBounds(100,100,300,200);
          setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
      }
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          new JButtonDemo02();
      }
  }
  

• 复选按钮

• package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
  
  import javax.swing.*;
  import java.awt.*;
  import java.net.URL;
  
  public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
      public JButtonDemo03() {
          Container container = getContentPane();
          //将一个图片变成一个图标
          URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("赵云-重做立绘.jpeg");
          ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
  
          //多选框
          JCheckBox jcheckBox01 = new JCheckBox("jcheckBox01");
          JCheckBox jcheckBox02 = new JCheckBox("jcheckBox02");
  
          container.add(jcheckBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
          container.add(jcheckBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
  
          setVisible(true);
          setBounds(100,100,300,200);
          setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
      }
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          new JButtonDemo03();
      }
  }
  

  

列表

• 下拉框 应用：选择地区，或者一些单个选项

• package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
  
  import javax.swing.*;
  import java.awt.*;
  import java.net.URL;
  
  public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
      public JButtonDemo03() {
          Container container = getContentPane();
          //将一个图片变成一个图标
          URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("赵云-重做立绘.jpeg");
          ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
  
          //多选框
          JCheckBox jcheckBox01 = new JCheckBox("jcheckBox01");
          JCheckBox jcheckBox02 = new JCheckBox("jcheckBox02");
  
          container.add(jcheckBox01,BorderLayout.NORTH);
          container.add(jcheckBox02,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
  
          setVisible(true);
          setBounds(100,100,300,200);
          setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
      }
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          new JButtonDemo03();
      }
  }
  

  

• 列表框 应用：展示信息，一般是动态扩容的

• package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
  
  import javax.swing.*;
  import java.awt.*;
  import java.util.Vector;
  
  public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
      public TestComboboxDemo02() {
          Container container = getContentPane();
          setVisible(true);
          setBounds(100,100,100,300);
          setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  
  
          //用数组的初始化生产列表内容
          //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
          //放入列表当中
          Vector contents = new Vector();
          JList jList = new JList(contents);
          contents.add("wwwwwww");
          contents.add("ccccc");
          contents.add("lllllllll");
  
          container.add(jList);
      }
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          new TestComboboxDemo02();
      }
  }
  

  

文本框

• 文本框

• package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
  
  import javax.swing.*;
  import java.awt.*;
  import java.util.Vector;
  
  public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
      public TestTextDemo01() {
          Container container = getContentPane();
          setVisible(true);
          setBounds(100,100,100,300);
          setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  
          JTextField jTextField = new JTextField("Hello");
          JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("HelloMan");
          container.add(jTextField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
          container.add(jTextField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
      }
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          new TestTextDemo01();
      }
  }
  

  

• 密码框

• package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
  
  import javax.swing.*;
  import java.awt.*;
  import java.util.Vector;
  
  public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
      public TestTextDemo02() {
          Container container = getContentPane();
          setVisible(true);
          setBounds(100,100,100,300);
          setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
  
          JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
          jPasswordField.setEchoChar('@');
  
          container.add(jPasswordField);
      }
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          new TestTextDemo02();
      }
  }
  

  

• 文本域

• package com.yuboyao.lesson01;
  
  import javax.swing.*;
  import java.awt.*;
  
  public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
      public JScrollDemo() {
          Container container = getContentPane();
  
          //文本域
          JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(1000, 2000);
          textArea.setText("学习10%");
  
          //Scroll面板
          JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
          container.add(scrollPane);
  
          setVisible(true);
          setBounds(100,100,200,200);
          setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
      }
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          new JScrollDemo();
      }
  }
  

  

C/S ：客户/服务器模式

B/S ：浏览器服务器模式

贪吃蛇

人眼看30帧的效果就是动画

需要的概念：键盘监听 定时器

---

步骤：贪吃鹅大作战

• 定义数据
• 画上去
• 监听事件（键盘/事件）

图像数据处理

package goose;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class Data {
    //相对路径  tx.jpg
    //绝对路径  在前面加/
    //标题
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("static/标题.jpg");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);



    //上下左右
    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("static/小鹅向上.jpg");
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("static/小鹅向下.jpg");
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);

    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("static/小鹅向左.png");
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("static/小鹅向右.png");
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);



    //身体
    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("static/身体.jpg");
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);



    //食物
    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("static/食物.jpg");
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}

游戏面板

package goose;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
    //定义小鹅的数据结构
    int length; //小鹅的初始长度
    String direction;   //初始方向
    boolean isStart = false;    //游戏的初始状态
    boolean isFail = false;
    int[] gooseX = new int[600];    //确定小鹅的各个身体位置的x,y坐标
    int[] gooseY = new int[600];
    //定时器  100ms执行一次
    Timer timer = new Timer(100,this);
    //食物坐标
    int foodX;
    int foody;
    int score;
    Random random = new Random();


    //构造器
    public GamePanel() {
        init();
        this.setFocusable(true);    //获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this);  //获得键盘监听事件
    }

    //初始化方法
    public void init(){
        length = 2;
        direction = "R";
        gooseX[0] = 100; gooseY[0] = 100;   //脑袋的坐标
        gooseX[1] = 75; gooseY[1] = 100;    //第一个身体的坐标
        timer.start();  //游戏一开始，定时器就启动
        //随机放置食物
        foodX = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
        foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
        score = 0;
    }

    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        //整个界面都用画笔g画
        super.paintComponent(g);    //清屏
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        //放上标题
        Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);
        //游戏界面
        g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);

        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodX,foody);

        //把小鹅画上去
        //头
        if(direction.equals("R")){
            Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,gooseX[0],gooseY[0] );
        }else if(direction.equals("L")){
            Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,gooseX[0],gooseY[0] );
        }else if(direction.equals("U")){
            Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,gooseX[0],gooseY[0] );
        }else if(direction.equals("D")){
            Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,gooseX[0],gooseY[0] );
        }
        //身体
        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,gooseX[i],gooseY[i] );
        }
        //游戏状态
        if(isStart == false){
            g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("按下空格启动小鹅", 300,350);
        }

        if(isFail){
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("哎呀，小鹅撞到头了！o(╥﹏╥)o", 150,350);
        }

        //积分
        g.setColor(Color.blue);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,20));
        g.drawString("小鹅长度是："+length, 550,15);
        g.drawString("你的分数是："+score, 550,45);
    }



    //继承KeyListener接口，写键盘监听事件
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keycode = e.getKeyCode();
        if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){
            if (isFail){
                isFail =false;
                init();
            }else{
                isStart = !isStart;
            }
            repaint();
        }

        //改变小鹅的头部方向
        if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            direction = "U";
        }else if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            direction = "D";
        }else if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            direction = "L";
        }else if(keycode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            direction = "R";
        }
    }

    //Timer事件监听，控制小鹅移动
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(isStart && isFail==false){
            //右移
            for (int i = length-1; i > 0 ; i--) {
                gooseX[i] = gooseX[i-1];
                gooseY[i] = gooseY[i-1];
            }
            if(direction.equals("R")){
                gooseX[0] = gooseX[0]+25;
                if(gooseX[0] > 850){gooseX[0] = 25;}    //边界判断
            }else if(direction.equals("L")){
                gooseX[0] = gooseX[0]-25;
                if(gooseX[0] < 25){gooseX[0] = 850;}
            }else if(direction.equals("U")){
                gooseY[0] = gooseY[0]-25;
                if(gooseY[0] < 75){gooseY[0] = 650;}
            }else if(direction.equals("D")){
                gooseY[0] = gooseY[0]+25;
                if(gooseY[0] > 650){gooseY[0] = 75;}
            }
            repaint();
        }

        //失败判断
        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            if(gooseX[0]==gooseX[i] && gooseY[0]==gooseY[i]){
                isFail = true;
            }
        }

        //吃食物
        if(gooseX[0]==foodX && gooseY[0]==foody){
            length++;
            score+=10;
            foodX = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
            foody = 75 + 25*random.nextInt(24);
        }
        timer.start();  //定时器开始
    }





    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {}
    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {}


}

游戏开始

package goose;

import javax.swing.*;

public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();
        frame.setTitle("贪吃鹅小游戏");

        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setBounds(100,100,900,720);   //算出来的
        frame.setResizable(false);  //大小不可变

        //添加面板
        frame.add(new GamePanel());

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

GUI总结

JavaSE作业