ubuntu下挂在usb无线网卡并设置热点

usb无线网卡在京东买的，链接为：https://item.jd.com/39864106930.html

一、通过ubuntu的可视化界面设置

二、安装hostapd设置热点

1、下载hostapd源码

  官网下载一个稳定版本，http://w1.fi/hostapd/      

wget http://w1.fi/releases/hostapd-2.6.tar.gz
tar xzvf hostapd-2.6.tar.gz
cd hostapd-2.6/hostapd

   配置hostapd使其获得nl80211驱动的支持，复制hostapd目录下的deconfig文件为.config

cp defconfig .config
vi .config

  找到下面这行，去掉#注释

#CONFIG_DRIVER_NL80211=y

   安装libnl和libssl库

   sudo apt-get install libssl-dev libnl-3-dev libnl-genl-3-dev

   如果出现问题，比如下面的头文件问题：

   ../src/drivers/driver_nl80211.c:17:31: fatal error: netlink/genl/genl.h: 没有那个文件或目录

   编辑.config文件，去掉以下注释，然后make

#CONFIG_LIBNL32=y

  然后就可以对hostapd进行编译了

make

  再安装  

sudo make install

配置hostapd 

 使用源码里的hostapd.conf，修改里里面的interface，改为ubuntu的wlan接口

 我的无线接口是这样的： wlx7cdd905274b4

mi@mi-OptiPlex-7040:~/hostapd-2.6/hostapd$ iwconfig
wlx7cdd905274b4  IEEE 802.11  Mode:Master  Tx-Power=20 dBm   
          Retry short  long limit:2   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:on

配置完成后，尝试重启hostapd

sudo hostapd hostapd.conf

如果出现错误

Configuration file: hostapd.conf
Could not read interface wlan0 flags: No such device
nl80211: Driver does not support authentication/association or connect commands
nl80211: deinit ifname=wlan0 disabled_11b_rates=0
Could not read interface wlan0 flags: No such device
nl80211 driver initialization failed.
wlan0: interface state UNINITIALIZED->DISABLED
wlan0: AP-DISABLED 
hostapd_free_hapd_data: Interface wlan0 wasn't started

这是因为有其他的网络程序在占用了无线网卡接口，你必须先关闭系统本身的无线网络管理程序network manager

sudo nmcli radio wifi off
sudo rfkill unblock wlan
sudo ifconfig wlan0 10.5.5.1/24 up

然后重新启动

 

2、安装isc-dhcp-server

命令安装dhcp server的服务

sudo apt-get install isc-dhcp-server

然后编辑文件/etc/default/isc-dhcp-server，其中设置INTERFACES为无线网卡名称，如下所示：

INTERFACES="wlx7cdd905274b4"

然后编辑文件/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf，在文本后面添加，注释掉文件里的其他设置

subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;
  option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
  option routers 10.5.5.1;
  option broadcast-address 10.5.5.255;
  default-lease-time 600;
  max-lease-time 7200;
}

可能会出现/var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases无法访问的问题

创建该文件并设置权限

sudo touch /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases
sudo chmod 777 /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases

然后启动dhcp server

sudo dhcpd

3、启用internet共享

对于Internet连接共享，我们需要IP转发和IP转换。启用IP转发，使用命令：

echo 1 | sudo tee /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

然后配置路由转发表，命令如下，enp0s31f6 为你的internet连接名称，是连外网的网卡

sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o enp0s31f6 -j MASQUERADE

现在就可以上网了

 

3、编写开机脚本

  将hostapd.conf复制到/etc/hostapd/下

sudo cp hostapd.conf  /etc/hostapd/

   在/etc/rc.local下启用自己编写的开机脚本

  1 #!/bin/sh -e
  2 #
  3 # rc.local
  4 #
  5 # This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
  6 # Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
  7 # value on error.
  8 #
  9 # In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
 10 # bits.
 11 #
 12 # By default this script does nothing.
 13 
 14 /etc/hostapd/CreateAp.sh
 15 
 16 exit 0

    开机脚本内容，CreateAp.sh

  1 #!/bin/sh
  2 
  3 iwconfig >> /tmp/wqy
  4 
  5 sudo nmcli radio wifi off
  6 sudo rfkill unblock wlan
  7 sudo ifconfig wlx7cdd905274b4 10.5.5.1/24 up
  8 sleep 3
  9 
 10 sudo hostapd /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
 11 sudo service isc-dhcp-server restart
 12 echo 1| sudo tee /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
 13 sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlx7cdd905274b4 -j MASQUERADE

    

 

参考自：https://www.cnblogs.com/liyam/p/6186527.html