flutter与android原生通信调用原生的拍照和相册选择

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已于 2023-09-10 16:27:15 修改

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文章标签： flutter android

于 2023-09-10 16:26:21 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yuehua18/article/details/132792040

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- 概要

概要

flutter想要调用拍照选择相册或者视屏播放等等,那么就需要与android原生通信,可以使用插件进行调用,但本文讲的是flutter调用原生的功能以及需要记录容易出问题的点

flutter调用android原生的时候,需要先在android/app/main文件夹下的AndroidManifest.xml文件中的manifest标签下添加相应权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" /> 拍照权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /> 读取权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /> 写入权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> 网络权限

调用拍照需要注意的细节

需要添加动态获取权限,当进入当前Activity的时候就判断用户是否添加了拍照权限,如果没有那就弹出权限选择给用户选择,

  private void ouJurisdiction() {
        if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M){
            int check = this.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
            if(check != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                this.requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},0);
            }else{
                openTakePhoto();
            }
        }
    }

//用来接收用户选择权限的结果,如果添加则进入权限判断然后调用拍照功能
@Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if(requestCode == 0){
            for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
                if(grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    ouJurisdiction();
                }else{
                    backResult("0");
                }
            }
        }
    }

//如果权限通过,那么就调用拍照功能
private void openTakePhoto() {
        File file = null;
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);

        try {
            file = createImageFile();
            if(file != null){
                Uri photoUr = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,"com.example.flutter_android.fileProvider",file);
                intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT,photoUr);
                startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
//这是一个临时的图像,用来展示拍照动态,当点击拍照保存的时候,会进入到onActivityResult方法,然后将临时图片转为永久图片
private File createImageFile() throws IOException {
        File storage = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);
        String fileName = "IMG_" + UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ".jpg";
        File imageFile = File.createTempFile(fileName,".jpg",storage);
        imageFile.setReadable(true,false);
        currentPath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath();
        return imageFile;
    }
调用拍照方法后拍照结果的返回,进入到这个方法
  @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if(requestCode == 1 && resultCode == RESULT_OK){
            File teamFile = new File(currentPath);
            saveImageFile(teamFile);
            backResult(currentPath);
        }else{
            System.out.println("拍照失败");
            backResult("0");
        }
    }



//这个方法用来存储永久图片
 private void saveImageFile(File teamFile) {
        File storageDir = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);
        if(!storageDir.exists()){
            storageDir.mkdirs();
        }
        String time = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss", Locale.getDefault()).format(new Date());
        String fileName = "IMG_" + time + ".jpg";
        File imageFile = new File(storageDir,fileName);
//这个变量是用来返回真实路径给flutter的
        currentPath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath();

        try {
            InputStream in = new FileInputStream(teamFile);
            OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(imageFile);
            int length;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            while ((length = in.read(buffer)) > 0){
                out.write(buffer,0,length);
            }
            in.close();
            out.close();
        }catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }



//这个方法用来返回结果
private void backResult(String path) {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.putExtra("path",path);
        setResult(RESULT_OK,intent);
        finish();
    }

使用上面代码的准备工作在res文件夹下添加一个xml文件夹再添加一个file_paths资源文件,这段代码是Android的路径配置文件，用于定义应用程序可以访问的文件路径

<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <external-files-path
        name="my_images"
        path="Pictures"/>
</paths>

然后再在AndroidManifest.xml.xml中将这个文件添加到应用程序目录下,在application下添加

 <provider
            android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="${applicationId}.fileProvider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
        </provider>

这里是拍照功能的完整代码,注释就没写了,上面都讲解过了

package com.example.flutter_android;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
import androidx.core.content.FileProvider;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.UUID;

import io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivity;

public class TakePhotoActivity extends FlutterActivity {

    private String currentPath;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        ouJurisdiction();
    }

    private void ouJurisdiction() {
        if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M){
            int check = this.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA);
            if(check != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                this.requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},0);
            }else{
                openTakePhoto();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        backResult("0");
        finish();
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    private void openTakePhoto() {
        File file = null;
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);

        try {
            file = createImageFile();
            if(file != null){
                Uri photoUr = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,"com.example.flutter_android.fileProvider",file);
                intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT,photoUr);
                startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if(requestCode == 1 && resultCode == RESULT_OK){
            File teamFile = new File(currentPath);
            saveImageFile(teamFile);
            backResult(currentPath);
        }else{
            System.out.println("拍照失败");
            backResult("0");
        }
    }

    private void saveImageFile(File teamFile) {
        File storageDir = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);
        if(!storageDir.exists()){
            storageDir.mkdirs();
        }
        String time = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss", Locale.getDefault()).format(new Date());
        String fileName = "IMG_" + time + ".jpg";
        File imageFile = new File(storageDir,fileName);
        currentPath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath();

        try {
            InputStream in = new FileInputStream(teamFile);
            OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(imageFile);
            int length;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            while ((length = in.read(buffer)) > 0){
                out.write(buffer,0,length);
            }
            in.close();
            out.close();
        }catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if(requestCode == 0){
            for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
                if(grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    ouJurisdiction();
                }else{
                    backResult("0");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void backResult(String path) {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.putExtra("path",path);
        setResult(RESULT_OK,intent);
        finish();
    }

    private File createImageFile() throws IOException {
        File storage = getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES);
        String fileName = "IMG_" + UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ".jpg";
        File imageFile = File.createTempFile(fileName,".jpg",storage);
        imageFile.setReadable(true,false);
        currentPath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath();
        return imageFile;
    }
}

调用相册选择需要注意的细节

权限在上面已经讲解过了,就不做过多赘述了,这个方法是用来判断用户选择的权限

@Override    //接收权限选择的回调
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if(requestCode == 0){
            for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
                if(grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    ouJurisidction();
                }else{
                    backResult("0");
                }
            }
        }
    }

 
//这个方法是用来判断权限如果没有权限那就添加权限,让用户选择是否添加权限
private void ouJurisdiction() {
        int check = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
        if(check != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{
                    Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                    Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            },0);
        }else{
            openPickImage();
        }
    }

打开相册选择,选取一张照片

 private void openPickImage() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,null);
        intent.setDataAndType(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,null);
        startActivityForResult(intent,21);
    }


   @Override    //相册结果的返回 如果选择了那么会产生一个Uri然后将uri处理成真实路径
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if(requestCode == 21 && resultCode == RESULT_OK){
            Uri uri = data.getData();
            backResult(realPathFromUri(uri));
        }else{
            backResult("0");
        }
    }

    //处理uri返回真实路径
    private String realPathFromUri(Uri uri) {
        String realPath = "0";
        String[] projection = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri,projection,null,null,null);
        if(cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()){
            int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
            realPath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
        }
        cursor.close();
        return realPath;
    }

    //将结果返回
    private void backResult(String path) {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.putExtra("path",path);
        setResult(RESULT_OK,intent);
        finish();
    }

    //如果用户直接点击自带的返回按钮,那就直接返回0
    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        backResult("0");
        super.onDestroy();
    }

小结

我待程序如初恋,它却虐我千百遍

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flutter与android原生通信调用原生的拍照和相册选择

flutter想要调用拍照选择相册或者视屏播放等等,那么就需要与android原生通信,可以使用插件进行调用,但本文讲的是flutter调用原生的功能以及需要记录容易出问题的点。使用上面代码的准备工作在res文件夹下添加一个xml文件夹再添加一个file_paths资源文件,这段代码是Android的路径配置文件，用于定义应用程序可以访问的文件路径。需要添加动态获取权限,当进入当前Activity的时候就判断用户是否添加了拍照权限,如果没有那就弹出权限选择给用户选择,我待程序如初恋,它却虐我千百遍。
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