Hibernate注解---主键生成策略

给大家推荐个靠谱的公众号程序员探索之路，大家一起加油 

hibernate注解(annoation)使用id主键生成主要要使用到以下几个注解: @Id,@GeneratedValue,@GenericGenerator. ,@GeneratedValue的作用是JPA的默认实现自定义主键生成策略,@GenericGenerator是hibernate在JPA的基础上增强。

自定义主键生成策略，由@GenericGenerator实现。hibernate在JPA的基础上进行了扩展，可以用一下方式引入hibernate独有的主键生成策略，就是通过@GenericGenerator加入的。

比如说，JPA标准用法

 

1 2	@Id @GeneratedValue(GenerationType.AUTO)

就可以用hibernate特有以下用法来实现

 

1 2 3

@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "native")

使用@GeneratedValue

1、针对mysql,oracle,sqlserver数据库可以同时使用

 

1 2 3

@Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "native")

name属性指定生成器名称。

strategy属性指定具体生成器的类名。

parameters得到strategy指定的具体生成器所用到的参数。

2、配合使用@GenericGenerator 不单独使用

对于这些hibernate主键生成策略和各自的具体生成器之间的关系,在org.hibernate.id.factory.internal.DefaultIdentifierGeneratorFactory中指定了:

 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

//Constructs a new DefaultIdentifierGeneratorFactory.     publicDefaultIdentifierGeneratorFactory() {         register("uuid2", UUIDGenerator.class);         register("guid", GUIDGenerator.class);                register("uuid", UUIDHexGenerator.class);                 register("uuid.hex", UUIDHexGenerator.class);             register("hilo", TableHiLoGenerator.class);         register("assigned", Assigned.class);         register("identity", IdentityGenerator.class);         register("select", SelectGenerator.class);         register("sequence", SequenceGenerator.class);         register("seqhilo", SequenceHiLoGenerator.class);         register("increment", IncrementGenerator.class);         register("foreign", ForeignGenerator.class);         register("sequence-identity", SequenceIdentityGenerator.class);         register("enhanced-sequence", SequenceStyleGenerator.class);         register("enhanced-table", TableGenerator.class);     }

如果想要不同的表使用相同的主键生成器，可以把他的generator的name属性设为相同即可，例如：

 

1 2 3

@GeneratedValue(name="id1") @GenericGenerator(name="id1",strategy="identity")

上面十二种策略，加上native，hibernate一共默认支持十三种生成策略

1、native

 

1 2	@GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "native")

2、uuid

 

1 2	@GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator")  @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "uuid")

3、hilo

 

1 2	@GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "hilo")

4、assigned

?

1 2	@GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "assigned")

5、identity

?

1 2	@GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "identity")

6、select

 

1 2	@GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name="select", strategy="select", parameters = { @Parameter(name = "key", value = "idstoerung") })

7、sequence

 

1 2	@GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "sequence", parameters = { @Parameter(name = "sequence", value = "seq_payablemoney") })

8、seqhilo

 

1 2	@GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "seqhilo", parameters = { @Parameter(name = "max_lo", value = "5") })

9、increment

 

1 2	@GeneratedValue(generator = "paymentableGenerator") @GenericGenerator(name = "paymentableGenerator", strategy = "increment")