获取整型数的最大值和最小值

根据平台的不同，需进行相关的测试，保证一致性。

有符号最大值和最小值：

#define MAX_INT ((unsigned)(-1)>>1)
#define MIN_INT (~MAX_INT)

无符号最大值：

#define MIN_UINT ((unsigned)(0))
#define MAX_UINT ((unsigned)(-1))

64位有符号最大值和最小值：

#define MAX_INT_64 ((unsigned long long)(-1)>>1)
#define MIN_INT_64 (~MAX_INT_64)

 64位无符号最大值和最小值：

#define MAX_UINT_64 ((unsigned long long)(0))
#define MIN_UINT_64 ((unsigned long long)(-1))

测试代码：

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_INT ((unsigned)(-1)>>1)
#define MIN_INT (~MAX_INT)

#define MIN_UINT ((unsigned)(0))
#define MAX_UINT ((unsigned)(-1))

#define MAX_INT_64 ((unsigned long long)(-1)>>1)
#define MIN_INT_64 (~MAX_INT_64)

#define MAX_UINT_64 ((unsigned long long)(0))
#define MIN_UINT_64 ((unsigned long long)(-1))

int main(void)
{
    printf("%ld\n",sizeof(MAX_INT));
    printf("%ld\n",sizeof(MAX_INT_64));
    printf("%ld\n",sizeof(MAX_UINT_64));
    printf("%d\n",MAX_INT);
    printf("%u\n",MAX_UINT);
    printf("%d\n",MIN_INT);
    printf("%lld\n",MAX_INT_64);
    printf("%lld\n",MIN_INT_64);

    printf("%llu\n",MAX_UINT_64);
    printf("%llu\n",MIN_UINT_64);
    return 0;
}

测试结果：

./a.out
4
8
8
2147483647
4294967295
-2147483648
9223372036854775807
-9223372036854775808
0
18446744073709551615