dpdk课程学习之练习笔记四（dns预备）

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-04 17:10:05 发布

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分类专栏： dpdk学习文章标签： dpdk dns linux

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0：安装环境基础命令（vmware+ubuntu 16）

hlp@ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	Ubuntu
Description:	Ubuntu 16.04.7 LTS
Release:	16.04
Codename:	xenial

#环境安装前
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install python     //sudo apt install python-is-python3
sudo apt-get install build-essential 
sudo apt-get install make
sudo apt-get install cmake
sudo apt-get install libnuma-dev

#修改网卡名称
#修改grub配置文件 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT
sudo vi /etc/default/grub
	net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 default_hugepages=1G hugepagesz=2M hugepages=1024 isolcpus=0-2
sudo update-grub
#修改使网卡生效
sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces  #sudo service networking restart
#配置文件中信息，对应四个网络适配器，都显示
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet dhcp

auto eth2
iface eth2 inet dhcp

auto eth3
iface eth3 inet dhcp
#关机，在虚拟机中增加内存和处理器 ===》一定要做，可能导致环境启动不起来
#重启环境 可以用ifoncig查看网卡，已经生效

#修改虚拟机配置文件，使支持多队列网卡 ==》文本打卡虚拟机.vmx文件
ethernet1.virtualDev = "vmxnet3"
ethernet1.wakeOnPcktRcv = "TRUE"
#重启环境后，查看是否生效
cat /proc/interrupts |grep eth

#把多队列网卡改成桥接方式启动吧，适合我们的dpdk环境测试（数据纯净） 修改虚拟机配置后重启服务就好
sudo service networking restart

#安装dpdk环境
tar xvf dpdk-19.08.2.tar.xz
#切换到su权限  sudo passwd root 
su
root@ubuntu:/home/hlp/dpdk/dpdk-stable-19.08.2# ./usertools/dpdk-setup.sh
#选择自己环境对应的编号进行编译目标交叉环境    这里我是ubuntu 64 选择39
#配置环境变量：
export RTE_SDK=/home/hlp/dpdk/dpdk-stable-19.08.2
export RTE_TARGET=x86_64-native-linux-gcc
#插入运行需要的各个模块
43， 44， 45
#使用uio模块（vmxnet3)进行绑定网卡  填入网卡对应的标识 一定要关闭状态   ifconfig eth0 down
49 
0000:03:00.0
#对环境进行测试
53
7
show port info 0
#测试helloword
./build/helloworld -l 0-7 -n 8

1：DNS（域名系统）

将域名和ip相互映射，一般用于域名解析，使用udp端口53.

域名按层尽心管理，域名由’.'进行划分，最后一个.省略，默认由根管理。

全球由13个域名进行管理，（很多个服务器）管理所有节点。

输入一个网址（域名），首先会查找浏览器缓存，

在这里插入图片描述

dns有一些type类型，决定了dns报文的处理，如A记录、AAAA记录、CNAME记录、MX记录、NS记录、TXT记录、SRV记录、URL转发。

看到b站大佬的视频：DNS域名解析过程_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

hlp@ubuntu:~$ nslookup www.baidu.com
Server:		192.168.0.1
Address:	192.168.0.1#53

Non-authoritative answer:
www.baidu.com	canonical name = www.a.shifen.com.
Name:	www.a.shifen.com
Address: 14.215.177.38
Name:	www.a.shifen.com
Address: 14.215.177.39

hlp@ubuntu:~$ nslookup www.bilibili.com
Server:		192.168.0.1
Address:	192.168.0.1#53

Non-authoritative answer:
www.bilibili.com	canonical name = b.w.bilicdn1.com.
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.211.130
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.238.64
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.227.169
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.231.166
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.229.89
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.234.165


#学习一下从根域名解析ip的流程 
hlp@ubuntu:~$ nslookup
> set type=ns    #设置域名解析服务器记录   进行查看
> .				 #查看根域名服务记录
Server:		192.168.0.1
Address:	192.168.0.1#53

Non-authoritative answer:   #中间缓存  不权威的
.	nameserver = m.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = a.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = l.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = c.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = d.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = k.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = j.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = e.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = g.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = f.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = b.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = i.root-servers.net.
.	nameserver = h.root-servers.net.

Authoritative answers can be found from:
a.root-servers.net	internet address = 198.41.0.4
b.root-servers.net	internet address = 199.9.14.201
c.root-servers.net	internet address = 192.33.4.12
d.root-servers.net	internet address = 199.7.91.13
e.root-servers.net	internet address = 192.203.230.10
f.root-servers.net	internet address = 192.5.5.241
g.root-servers.net	internet address = 192.112.36.4
h.root-servers.net	internet address = 198.97.190.53
i.root-servers.net	internet address = 192.36.148.17
j.root-servers.net	internet address = 192.58.128.30
k.root-servers.net	internet address = 193.0.14.129
l.root-servers.net	internet address = 199.7.83.42
m.root-servers.net	internet address = 202.12.27.33
a.root-servers.net	has AAAA address 2001:503:ba3e::2:30
b.root-servers.net	has AAAA address 2001:500:200::b

> set type=a		#设置类型为a 查找ip
> a.root-servers.net.	#查看其中一个域名节点的ip
Server:		192.168.0.1
Address:	192.168.0.1#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:	a.root-servers.net
Address: 198.41.0.4

> server 198.41.0.4   #设置域名服务器
Default server: 198.41.0.4
Address: 198.41.0.4#53

> set type=ns		#查看根域名服务器
> com.				#在根域名服务器下请求，查看会发现只会去我们设置的server进行
Server:		198.41.0.4
Address:	198.41.0.4#53

Non-authoritative answer:
*** Can't find com.: No answer

Authoritative answers can be found from:
com	nameserver = a.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = b.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = c.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = d.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = e.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = f.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = g.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = h.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = i.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = j.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = k.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = l.gtld-servers.net.
com	nameserver = m.gtld-servers.net.
a.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.5.6.30
b.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.33.14.30
c.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.26.92.30
d.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.31.80.30
e.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.12.94.30
f.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.35.51.30
g.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.42.93.30
h.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.54.112.30
i.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.43.172.30
j.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.48.79.30
k.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.52.178.30
l.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.41.162.30
m.gtld-servers.net	internet address = 192.55.83.30
a.gtld-servers.net	has AAAA address 2001:503:a83e::2:30
b.gtld-servers.net	has AAAA address 2001:503:231d::2:30
> server 192.5.6.30
Default server: 192.5.6.30
Address: 192.5.6.30#53

> set type=ns				#测试一个实际的域名
> bilibili.com
Server:		192.5.6.30
Address:	192.5.6.30#53

Non-authoritative answer:
*** Can't find bilibili.com: No answer

Authoritative answers can be found from:
bilibili.com	nameserver = ns3.dnsv5.com.
bilibili.com	nameserver = ns4.dnsv5.com.
ns3.dnsv5.com	internet address = 129.211.176.212
ns3.dnsv5.com	internet address = 162.14.18.188
ns3.dnsv5.com	internet address = 162.14.24.251
ns3.dnsv5.com	internet address = 162.14.25.251
ns3.dnsv5.com	internet address = 18.194.2.137
ns3.dnsv5.com	internet address = 183.192.201.94
ns3.dnsv5.com	internet address = 223.166.151.16
ns3.dnsv5.com	has AAAA address 2402:4e00:1430:1102:0:9136:2b2b:ba61
ns3.dnsv5.com	internet address = 52.77.238.92
ns3.dnsv5.com	internet address = 61.151.180.51
ns4.dnsv5.com	internet address = 101.226.220.12
ns4.dnsv5.com	internet address = 129.211.176.151
ns4.dnsv5.com	internet address = 162.14.24.248
ns4.dnsv5.com	internet address = 162.14.25.248
ns4.dnsv5.com	internet address = 183.192.164.119
ns4.dnsv5.com	internet address = 223.166.151.126
ns4.dnsv5.com	has AAAA address 2402:4e00:1020:1264:0:9136:29b6:fc32
ns4.dnsv5.com	internet address = 52.198.159.146
ns4.dnsv5.com	internet address = 59.36.120.147

> server 129.211.176.212			#设置com对应的顶级域名服务器
Default server: 129.211.176.212
Address: 129.211.176.212#53
> set type=a					#设置类型为a,查找对应ip
> www.bilibili.com.      		#查看ip，找到对应的内容分发域名
Server:		129.211.176.212
Address:	129.211.176.212#53

www.bilibili.com	canonical name = b.w.bilicdn1.com.
> b.w.bilicdn1.com.				#查看内容分发域名对应的ip，即是我们需要的ip 
Server:		129.211.176.212
Address:	129.211.176.212#53

Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.211.130
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.231.166
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.238.64
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.229.89
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.234.165
Name:	b.w.bilicdn1.com
Address: 119.3.227.169

#这里获得的ip就会返回给我们本地的dns服务器并且缓存，发送给我们浏览器输入域名时，对应的程序，用ip进行实际请求。

ip和子网掩码：ip分为主机号和网络号，与子网掩码配合区分网络区域及网络。

2：dns实现

dns是基于udp实现的。

参考udp的协议头以及dns的协议头，构造对应的头结构，对DNS服务器进行数据请求，要能正常获取到返回的ip。

dns的测试思路：

===》直接使用udp socket api进行数据请求，构造符合dns协议的结构数据即可，

===》解析收到的udp回复报文数据。获取到需要的ip即可。

dns的协议头如下：
在这里插入图片描述

相关结构定义及协议栈对应如下：
在这里插入图片描述

直接请求固定的dns域名服务器114.114.114.114:53，构造请求报文，，解析获取到的报文获取ip即可，测试代码运行如下：
在这里插入图片描述

3：两个dns开源git库代码

3.1：dnspod-sr

简单使用，后期进行学习：

#编译并运行
root@ubuntu:/home/hlp/othertest/dnspod-sr-master/src# ./dnspod-sr 
[DBG:] dnspod-sr is successfully running now!!
[DBG:] max_ele_size is 1000000 - 1808
[DBG:] server may contain 332730 useful records
[DBG:] hash_table_size is 65536
[DBG:] we have 10 hash tables
[DBG:] we have 2 fetchers,2 quizzers

#在另外一个环境上用dig命令进行测试，dns服务器有学习的功能
root@ubuntu:/home/hlp# dig @192.168.105.143 www.bilibili.com

; <<>> DiG 9.10.3-P4-Ubuntu <<>> @192.168.105.143 www.bilibili.com
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 8662
;; flags: qr ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 8, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.bilibili.com.		IN	A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.bilibili.com.	214	IN	CNAME	b.w.bilicdn1.com.
b.w.bilicdn1.com.	104	IN	A	120.92.113.99
b.w.bilicdn1.com.	104	IN	A	120.92.108.182
b.w.bilicdn1.com.	104	IN	A	120.92.83.126
b.w.bilicdn1.com.	104	IN	A	120.92.82.179
b.w.bilicdn1.com.	104	IN	A	120.92.211.159
b.w.bilicdn1.com.	104	IN	A	120.131.2.207
b.w.bilicdn1.com.	104	IN	A	120.92.78.97

;; Query time: 2951 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.105.143#53(192.168.105.143)
;; WHEN: Sat Dec 25 16:50:18 CST 2021
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 173

使用dnsperf测试性能：

#安装dnsperf https://gitee.com/mirrors_DNS-OARC/dnsperf?_from=gitee_search
#注意按照第一种方式   版本包的安装，我用源码安装时有报错
#安装包下载地址https://www.dns-oarc.net/tools/dnsperf
tar -xvf dnsperf-2.9.0.tar.gz 
cd dnsperf-2.9.0
./configure 
make
make install

#写个配置文件 如下 
root@ubuntu:/home/hlp/othertest/dnsperf-2.9.0# cat testfile 
www.baidu.com A
www.bilibili.com A
#执行测试，可以分析结果
./src/dnsperf -d testfile -s 192.168.105.143 -c10000 -q10000 -l60

3.2: simpleDNS

直接去git中找到该库下载：https://github.com/mwarning/SimpleDNS.git

启动该代码可执行文件，用dig请求进行查看：

#dig @192.168.105.143 -p 9000 foo.bar.com A
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 8362
;; flags: qr; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;foo.bar.com.			IN	A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
foo.bar.com.		3600	IN	A	192.168.1.1  #这个是测试代码中写死的域名（foo.bar.com）对应的ip

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.105.143#9000(192.168.105.143)
;; WHEN: Sat Dec 25 22:07:24 CST 2021
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 56

4：dpdk-dns

上述的接口，我们建立在内核处理udp协议栈的基础上（dns相当于udp的数据）。

===》使用dpdk提供的接口，接管udp的数据，对dns相关的请求做协议处理。

===》参考simpleDNS逻辑，在已有的dpdk处理arp，udp， tcp的逻辑基础上，增加udp报文时，dns相关数据的处理。

===》参考simpleDNS中的逻辑进行业务处理返回。

===》仅供测试实例

（这里是初步预习学习，相关代码只是使用，再编码）

源码以及学习参考链接：C/C++Linux服务器开发/后台架构师【零声教育】-学习视频教程-腾讯课堂 (qq.com)

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dpdk课程学习之练习笔记四（dns预备）

0：安装环境基础命令（vmware+ubuntu 16）hlp@ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -aNo LSB modules are available.Distributor ID: UbuntuDescription: Ubuntu 16.04.7 LTSRelease: 16.04Codename: xenial#环境安装前sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get upgradesudo apt-get install python
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