简单局域网聊天室--Java版

Java 的Socket编程：

1、TCP协议是面向连接的、可靠的、有序的、以字节流的方式发送数据，通过三次握手方式建立连接，形成传输数据的通道，在连接中进行大量数据的传输，效率会稍低

2、Java中基于TCP协议实现网络通信的类

            客户端的Socket类

            服务器端的ServerSocket类

           

            3、Socket通信的步骤

                 ① 创建ServerSocket和Socket

                 ② 打开连接到Socket的输入/输出流

                 ③ 按照协议对Socket进行读/写操作

                 ④ 关闭输入输出流、关闭Socket

           4、服务器端：

                 ① 创建ServerSocket对象，绑定监听端口

                 ② 通过accept()方法监听客户端请求

                 ③ 连接建立后，通过输入流读取客户端发送的请求信息

                 ④ 通过输出流向客户端发送乡音信息

                 ⑤ 关闭相关资源

5、客户端：

                 ① 创建Socket对象，指明需要连接的服务器的地址和端口号

                 ② 连接建立后，通过输出流想服务器端发送请求信息

                 ③ 通过输入流获取服务器响应的信息

                 ④ 关闭响应资源 

 

实现的聊天室例子：

实现的效果是如下：

服务端代码：

package socket.server;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * @author 超
 * Create by fengc on  2018/7/25 21:21
 */
public class Server extends Thread{

    ServerUI ui;
    ServerSocket ss;
    BufferedReader reader;
    PrintWriter writer;

    public Server(ServerUI ui) {
        this.ui = ui;
        this.start();
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            ss = new ServerSocket(8081);
            ui.clients=new ArrayList<>();
            println("启动服务器成功：端口8081");
            while (true) {
                println("等待客户端链接.......................................");
                Socket client = ss.accept();
                ui.clients.add(client);
                println("连接成功，客户端请求服务端的详细信息：" + client.toString());
                new ListenerClient(ui, client);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            println("启动服务器失败：端口8081");
            println(e.toString());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    public synchronized void sendMsg(String msg) {
        try {
            for (int i = 0; i < ui.clients.size(); i++) {
                Socket client = ui.clients.get(i);
                writer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream(), true);
                writer.println(msg);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            println(e.toString());
        }
    }

    public void println(String s) {
        if (s != null) {
            s = "服务端打印消息：" + s;
            this.ui.taShow.setText(this.ui.taShow.getText() + s + "\n");
            System.out.println(s + "\n");
        }
    }

    public void closeServer() {
        try {
            if (ss != null)
                ss.close();
            if (reader != null)
                reader.close();
            if (writer != null)
                writer.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

package socket.server;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author 超
 * Create by fengc on  2018/7/25 21:33
 * 这个类是服务器端的等待客户端发送信息*
 */
public class ListenerClient extends Thread{

    BufferedReader reader;
    PrintWriter writer;
    ServerUI ui;
    Socket client;

    public ListenerClient(ServerUI ui, Socket client) {
        this.ui = ui;
        this.client=client;
        this.start();
    }

    //为每一个客户端创建线程等待接收信息，然后把信息广播出去
    @Override
    public void run() {
        String msg = "";
        while (true) {
            try {
                reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
                writer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream(), true);
                msg = reader.readLine();
                sendMsg(msg);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                println(e.toString());
                break;
            }
            if (msg != null && msg.trim() != "") {
                println("客户端 " + msg);
            }
        }
    }

    //把信息广播到所有用户
    public synchronized void sendMsg(String msg) {
        try {
            for (int i = 0; i < ui.clients.size(); i++) {
                Socket client = ui.clients.get(i);
                writer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream(), true);
                writer.println(msg);
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            println(e.toString());
        }
    }

    public void println(String s) {
        if (s != null) {
            this.ui.taShow.setText(this.ui.taShow.getText() + s + "\n");
            System.out.println(s + "\n");
        }
    }
}

package socket.server;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 超
 * Create by fengc on  2018/7/25 21:21
 */
public class ServerUI extends JFrame {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ServerUI();
    }

    public JButton btStart;//启动服务器
    public JButton btSend;//发送信息按钮
    public JTextField tfSend;//需要发送的文本信息

    public JTextArea taShow;//信息展示
    public Server server;//用来监听客户端连接
    static List<Socket> clients;//保存连接到服务器的客户端

    public ServerUI() {
        super("服务器端");
        btStart = new JButton("启动服务");
        btSend = new JButton("发送信息");
        tfSend = new JTextField(10); //装在输入文字
        taShow = new JTextArea();
        //点击按钮，所做的是事情，启动服务器
        btStart.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                server = new Server(ServerUI.this);
            }
        });
        //点击发送消息按钮
        btSend.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                server.sendMsg(tfSend.getText());
                tfSend.setText("");
            }
        });
        //初始化界面
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //关闭按钮点击事件
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                int a = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "确定关闭吗？", "温馨提示",
                        JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
                if (a == 1) {
                    server.closeServer();
                    System.exit(0); // 关闭
                }
            }
        });
        //底部启动服务按钮与发送消息按钮
        JPanel top = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        top.add(tfSend);
        top.add(btSend);
        top.add(btStart);
        this.add(top, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        //中部显示消息栏  信息展示
        final JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane();
        sp.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
        sp.setViewportView(this.taShow);
        this.taShow.setEditable(false);
        this.add(sp, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(400, 300);
        this.setLocation(100, 200);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }


}

客户端代码：

package socket.clinet;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * @author 超
 * Create by fengc on  2018/7/25 21:41
 */
public class Client extends Thread {

    ClientUI ui;
    Socket client;
    BufferedReader reader;
    PrintWriter writer;

    public Client(ClientUI ui) {
        this.ui = ui;
        try {
            String ip = ui.tfIP.getText(); //得到输入的ip地址
            int port = Integer.parseInt(ui.tfPort.getText()); //得到输入的端口
            client = new Socket(ip, port);//这里设置连接服务器端的IP的端口
            println("连接服务器成功，服务器端口地址：" + port);
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));
            writer = new PrintWriter(client.getOutputStream(), true);
            String name = ui.tfName.getText();
            if (name == null || "".equals(name)) {
                name = "匿名者";
            }
            sendMsg("会员 " + name + ",登录上来了........................");
            // 如果为 true，则 println、printf 或 format 方法将刷新输出缓冲区
        } catch (NumberFormatException nu) {
            println("端口请输入正确.......");
            nu.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            println("连接服务器失败：请输入正确的IP地址与端口");
            println(e.toString());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        this.start();
    }

    public void run() {
        String msg = "";
        while (true) {
            try {
                msg = reader.readLine();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                println("服务器断开连接");

                break;
            }
            if (msg != null && msg.trim() != "") {
                println(msg);
            }
        }
    }

    public void sendMsg(String msg) {
        try {
            writer.println(msg);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            println(e.toString());
        }
    }

    public void println(String s) {
        if (s != null) {
            this.ui.taShow.setText(this.ui.taShow.getText() + s + "\n");
            System.out.println(s + "\n");
        }
    }

}

package socket.clinet;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

/**
 * @author 超
 * Create by fengc on  2018/7/25 21:40
 */
public class ClientUI extends JFrame {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ClientUI();
    }

    public     JButton btStart;
    public     JButton btSend;
    public     JTextField tfSend; //装在输入文字
    public     JTextPane  nameText; //输入名字
    public     JTextPane  ipTex; //输入名字
    public     JTextPane  portText; //输入名字
    public     JTextField tfName; //服务器ip
    public     JTextField tfIP; //服务器ip
    public     JTextField tfPort; //服务器端口
    public     JTextArea taShow;
    public     Client server;

    public ClientUI() {
        super("客户端");
        btStart = new JButton("启动连接");
        btSend = new JButton("发送信息");
        tfSend = new JTextField(20);
        tfIP = new JTextField(8);
        tfPort = new JTextField(3);
        tfName = new JTextField(6);
        nameText = new JTextPane();nameText.setText("登录名");nameText.setEditable(false);
        ipTex = new JTextPane();ipTex.setText("服务地址");ipTex.setEditable(false);
        portText = new JTextPane();portText.setText("服务端口");portText.setEditable(false);
        taShow = new JTextArea();
        //启动链接按钮事件
        btStart.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                server = new Client(ClientUI.this);
            }
        });
        //发送按钮事件
        btSend.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String name = tfName.getText();
                if (name == null || "".equals(name)) {
                    name = "匿名者";
                }
                server.sendMsg(name + "：" + tfSend.getText());
                tfSend.setText("");
            }
        });

        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                int a = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "确定关闭吗？", "温馨提示",
                        JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
                if (a == 1) {
                    System.exit(0); // 关闭
                }
            }
        });
        //底部的发送信息框与链接按钮
        JPanel top = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        top.add(tfSend); //发送文本
        top.add(btSend); //发送按钮
        this.add(top, BorderLayout.SOUTH); //加载到底部

        //头部放连接服务的
        JPanel northJpannel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        northJpannel.add(nameText);
        northJpannel.add(tfName);
        northJpannel.add(ipTex);
        northJpannel.add(tfIP);
        northJpannel.add(portText);
        northJpannel.add(tfPort);
        northJpannel.add(btStart);
        this.add(northJpannel,BorderLayout.NORTH);  //加载到头部

        final JScrollPane sp = new JScrollPane();
        sp.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
        sp.setViewportView(this.taShow);
        this.taShow.setEditable(false);
        this.add(sp, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setSize(500, 400);
        this.setLocation(600, 200);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }



}