目录
一,Response下载文件
二,Response验证码实现
三,Response重定向
四,Request应用
HttpServletResponse
web服务器接收到客户端的http请求,针对这个请求,分别创建了一个代表请求的HttpServletRequest对象,代表响应的HttpServletResponse;
- 如果要获取客户端请求过来的参数,找HttpSevletRequest
- 如果要给客户端响应一些信息,找HttpServletResponse
1,简单分类
打开接口,查看方法
负责向浏览器发送数据的方法
1,ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() //响应流的形式
2,PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException;//中文形式
负责先浏览器发送响应头的方法
1, void setCharacterEncoding(String var1);//设置编码
2,void setContentLength(int var1);//设置内容长度
3, void setContentLengthLong(long var1);//设置内容长度
4, void setContentType(String var1);//类型
2,常见应用
1,向浏览器输出消息
2,下载文件
要获取下载文件的路径
下载的文件名是啥
设置想办法让浏览器支持下载我们需要的对象
获取下载文件的输入流
创建缓冲区
获取OutputStream对象
将FileOutputSteam六写入buffer缓冲区
使用OutputStream将缓冲区的数据输出到客户端
public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String realPath = "E:\\JavaProjects\\JavaWeb1.0\\ServletContext\\target\\classes\\111.jpg";
System.out.println("下载文件的路径:"+realPath);
String FileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
resp.setHeader("Content-disposition","attachment;FileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(FileName,"utf-8"));
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
int len=0;
byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
ServletOutputStream outp = resp.getOutputStream();
while ((len=in.read(buffer))>0){
outp.write(buffer,0,len);
}
in.close();
outp.close();
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req,resp);
}
}
web。xml
<servlet>
<servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.FileServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/down</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
路径输入down,回车,直接下载
验证码功能
验证怎么来的
- 前端实现
- 后端实现需要用到java图片类,生产一个图片
public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//如何让浏览器5秒刷新一次
resp.setHeader("refresh","3");
//在内存中创建一个图片
BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(80,20,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//得到图片
Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D)bufferedImage.getGraphics();//笔
//设置图片的背景颜色
graphics.setColor(Color.blue);
graphics.fillRect(0,0,80,20);
//给图片写数据
graphics.setColor(Color.green);
graphics.setFont(new Font(null,BOLD,20));
graphics.drawString(makeNum(),0,20);
//告诉浏览器,这个请求用图片打开
resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
//网站存在缓存,不让浏览器缓存
resp.setDateHeader("expires",-1);
resp.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
resp.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");
ImageIO.write(bufferedImage,"jpg",resp.getOutputStream());
}
//生成随机数
private String makeNum(){
Random random = new Random();
String s = random.nextInt(99999999) + "";
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i <8-s.length() ; i++) {
stringBuffer.append("0");
}
String s1 = stringBuffer.toString() + s;
return s;
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
super.doPost(req, resp);
}
}
<servlet>
<servlet-name>image</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>image</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/image</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
访问,三秒随机生成
4,实现重定向
一个web资源收到客户端请求后,他会通知客户端去访问另一个web资源,这个过程叫重定向
简单测试:
public class RedirectServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
//重定向的路径需要加上当前项目的名字
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//做了两件事
// resp.setHeader("Location","/ServletContext_war/image"); location选择地址
// resp.setStatus(302); 进行302状态码设置
resp.sendRedirect("/ServletContext_war/image");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Redirect</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.RedirectServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Redirect</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/re</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
可以看到状态码发生改变,输入re地址的时候,发生302重定向,到image
重定向与转发的区别:
相同点:
1,页面都会实现跳转
不同点:
1,请求转发的时候,url不会改变。
2,重定向的时候,url会发生改变
常见场景:
- 用户登录
public class RedirectServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("进入方法");
//处理请求
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
resp.sendRedirect("/ServletContext_war/success.jsp");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'register.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
</head>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="get">
用户名: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
密 码: <input type="password" name="password"><br>
<button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>