JavaWeb之Response与Request

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-03 16:14:36 发布

朝依飞

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-03 16:14:36 发布

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分类专栏： Response Request 文章标签： web

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yushenshili/article/details/113814047

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1，向浏览器输出消息
2，下载文件
要获取下载文件的路径
下载的文件名是啥
设置想办法让浏览器支持下载我们需要的对象
获取下载文件的输入流
创建缓冲区
获取OutputStream对象
将FileOutputSteam六写入buffer缓冲区
使用OutputStream将缓冲区的数据输出到客户端

public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String realPath = "E:\\JavaProjects\\JavaWeb1.0\\ServletContext\\target\\classes\\111.jpg";
        System.out.println("下载文件的路径："+realPath);
        String FileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
        resp.setHeader("Content-disposition","attachment;FileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(FileName,"utf-8"));

        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
        int len=0;
        byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
        ServletOutputStream outp = resp.getOutputStream();
        while ((len=in.read(buffer))>0){
            outp.write(buffer,0,len);

        }
        in.close();
        outp.close();

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req,resp);
    }
}

web。xml

<servlet>
  <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>com.FileServlet</servlet-class>
  
</servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>filedown</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/down</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

路径输入down，回车，直接下载
在这里插入图片描述

验证码功能
验证怎么来的

前端实现
后端实现需要用到java图片类，生产一个图片

public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //如何让浏览器5秒刷新一次
        resp.setHeader("refresh","3");
        //在内存中创建一个图片
        BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(80,20,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        //得到图片
        Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D)bufferedImage.getGraphics();//笔
        //设置图片的背景颜色
        graphics.setColor(Color.blue);
        graphics.fillRect(0,0,80,20);
        //给图片写数据
        graphics.setColor(Color.green);
        graphics.setFont(new Font(null,BOLD,20));
        graphics.drawString(makeNum(),0,20);

        //告诉浏览器，这个请求用图片打开
        resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        //网站存在缓存，不让浏览器缓存
        resp.setDateHeader("expires",-1);
        resp.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
        resp.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");

        ImageIO.write(bufferedImage,"jpg",resp.getOutputStream());


    }
    //生成随机数
    private String makeNum(){
        Random random = new Random();
        String s = random.nextInt(99999999) + "";
        StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i <8-s.length() ; i++) {
            stringBuffer.append("0");
        }
        String s1 = stringBuffer.toString() + s;
        return s;

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>image</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.ImageServlet</servlet-class>

  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>image</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/image</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

访问，三秒随机生成
在这里插入图片描述

4，实现重定向
一个web资源收到客户端请求后，他会通知客户端去访问另一个web资源，这个过程叫重定向
在这里插入图片描述
简单测试：

public class RedirectServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    //重定向的路径需要加上当前项目的名字
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        
        //做了两件事
//        resp.setHeader("Location","/ServletContext_war/image");    location选择地址
//        resp.setStatus(302);     进行302状态码设置
        resp.sendRedirect("/ServletContext_war/image");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Redirect</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.RedirectServlet</servlet-class>

  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Redirect</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/re</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

可以看到状态码发生改变，输入re地址的时候，发生302重定向，到image
在这里插入图片描述

重定向与转发的区别：
相同点：
1，页面都会实现跳转
不同点：
1，请求转发的时候，url不会改变。
2，重定向的时候，url会发生改变

常见场景：

用户登录

public class RedirectServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("进入方法");
        //处理请求
        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        resp.sendRedirect("/ServletContext_war/success.jsp");


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'register.jsp' starting page</title>

    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">

</head>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="get">
    用户名: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密&nbsp;&nbsp;码: <input type="password" name="password"><br>
    <button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>



</body>
</html>