在Linux中使用systemctl如何管理Systemd服务和单元

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-26 18:31:19 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-26 18:31:19 发布

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分类专栏： Linux笔记文章标签： linux 服务器运维

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Systemctl是一个systemd工具，它负责控制systemd系统和服务管理程序。Systemd是一个系统管理守护进程，工具和库的集合，它用作替换System V init守护进程。Systemd功能为用于类Unix系统的中心管理和配置平台。

在Linux中，在除了少数例外的大部分标准Linux发行版中已经实现了生态Systemd。此文目标为介绍在运行systemd的系统上"如何控制系统和服务"。

从systemd和systemctl基础开始

1、首先检测在你的系统上是否安装了systemd，以及当前安装的systemd是说明版本。

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl --version
systemd 239 (239-58.el8)
+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA -APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD +IDN2 -IDN +PCRE2 default-hierarchy=legacy

从以上示例中，我们安装了systemd 239版本。

2、检测systemd和systemctl的二进制文件和库被安装在哪里。

[root@main-machine blctrl]# whereis systemd
systemd: /usr/lib/systemd /etc/systemd /usr/share/systemd /usr/share/man/man1/systemd.1.gz
[root@main-machine blctrl]# whereis systemctl
systemctl: /usr/bin/systemctl /usr/share/man/man1/systemctl.1.gz

3、检测systemd是否正在运行。

[root@main-machine blctrl]# ps -eaf | grep [Ss]ystemd
root           1       0  0 Jul12 ?        00:00:04 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 16
root        1065       1  0 Jul12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald
root        1109       1  0 Jul12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd
dbus        1322       1  0 Jul12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation --syslog-only
root        1436       1  0 Jul12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind
root        7274       1  0 Jul12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user
blctrl     47230       1  0 16:03 ?        00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user

注意：systemd是以父守护进程(PID=1)正在运行。在以上示例中，ps命令中带(-e)选择所有进程，（-a）选择除了会话组长外的所有进程，(-f)用于完全格式化列出(即是：-eaf)。

4、分析systemd引导过程

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemd-analyze
Startup finished in 1.977s (kernel) + 2.043s (initrd) + 18.805s (userspace) = 22.826s
multi-user.target reached after 2.849s in userspace

5、分析引导时分割进程占用的时间

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemd-analyze blame
         10.291s kdump.service
          6.353s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
          1.146s dracut-initqueue.service
           687ms tuned.service
           565ms firewalld.service
           475ms sshd-keygen@rsa.service
           434ms systemd-logind.service
...

6、分析引导时关键链

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemd-analyze critical-chain
The time after the unit is active or started is printed after the "@" character.
The time the unit takes to start is printed after the "+" character.

multi-user.target @2.849s
└─tuned.service @2.161s +687ms
  └─network.target @2.157s
    └─NetworkManager.service @2.127s +28ms
      └─network-pre.target @2.126s
        └─firewalld.service @1.551s +565ms
          └─polkit.service @1.418s +130ms
            └─basic.target @1.409s
              └─sockets.target @1.409s
                └─dbus.socket @1.409s
                  └─sysinit.target @1.408s
                    └─systemd-update-done.service @1.398s +9ms
                      └─ldconfig.service @1.211s +185ms
                        └─local-fs.target @1.208s
                          └─home.mount @1.186s +21ms
                            └─dev-mapper-rl\x2dhome.device @1.182s

重要：systemctl以单元接受服务(.service)，挂载点(.mount)，套接字(.socket)和设备(.device)。

7、列出所有可用的单元

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl list-unit-files
UNIT FILE                                  STATE
proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount          static
-.mount                                    generated
boot.mount                                 generated
dev-hugepages.mount                        static
dev-mqueue.mount                           static
home.mount                                 generated
proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount              static
sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount              static
sys-kernel-config.mount                    static
...

8、列出所有正在运行的单元

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl list-units
UNIT                                                                                           LOAD   ACTIVE SUB       DESCRIPTION
proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount                                                              loaded active waiting   Arbitrary Executable File Format>
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:11.5-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda1.device       loaded active plugged   WDC_WDS100T2B0A 1
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:11.5-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda2.device       loaded active plugged   WDC_WDS100T2B0A 2
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:11.5-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda.device            loaded active plugged   WDC_WDS100T2B0A
sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:11.5-ata5-host4-target4:0:0-4:0:0:0-block-sr0.device            loaded active plugged   DVDRW_GUD1N
...

9、列出所有出错的单元

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl --failed
0 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.

10、检测一个单元(cron.service)是否被使能？

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl is-enabled crond.service
enabled

11、检测一个单元或服务是否正在运行？

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl status firewalld.service
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-07-12 21:24:59 CST; 1 day 19h ago
     Docs: man:firewalld(1)
 Main PID: 1426 (firewalld)
    Tasks: 3 (limit: 821235)
   Memory: 33.2M
   CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
           └─1426 /usr/libexec/platform-python -s /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid

使用systemctl控制和管理服务

1、列出所有服务(包括使能的或禁用的)


[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl list-unit-files --type=service
UNIT FILE                                  STATE
arp-ethers.service                         disabled
atd.service                                enabled
auditd.service                             enabled
autovt@.service                            enabled
blk-availability.service                   disabled
bolt.service                               static
chrony-dnssrv@.service                     static
chrony-wait.service                        disabled
chronyd.service                            disabled
cockpit-motd.service                       static
cockpit-wsinstance-http.service            static
cockpit-wsinstance-https-factory@.service  static
cockpit-wsinstance-https@.service          static
cockpit.service 
...

2、在Linux中如何启动、重启、停止，重载以及检查一个服务的状态(httpd.service)

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl restart httpd.service
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl reload httpd.service
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-07-14 17:20:58 CST; 27s ago
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
  Process: 50890 ExecReload=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -k graceful (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 50663 (httpd)
   Status: "Running, listening on: port 80"
    Tasks: 213 (limit: 821235)
   Memory: 42.4M
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─50663 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─50891 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─50892 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─50893 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─50894 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

...
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl stop httpd.service

注意：当我们对systemctl使用像start, restart, stop和reload命令时，我们在终端上将得不到任何输出，仅status命令将打印输出。

3、如何激活一个服务并且在引导时使能或禁用一个服务(在引导时自动启动服务)

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl is-active httpd.service
inactive
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl enable httpd.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl disable httpd.service
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service.

4、如何屏蔽(使不能启动)或者解除屏蔽一个服务(httpd.service)

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl mask httpd.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/httpd.service → /dev/null.
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl unmask httpd.service
Removed /etc/systemd/system/httpd.service.

5、如何使用systemctl命令杀死一个服务

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-07-14 17:31:55 CST; 4s ago
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
 Main PID: 51259 (httpd)
   Status: "Started, listening on: port 80"
    Tasks: 213 (limit: 821235)
   Memory: 40.2M
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─51259 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─51260 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─51261 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─51262 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─51263 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

...
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl kill httpd.service
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
...

使用systemctl控制和管理挂载点

1、列出所有系统挂载点

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl list-unit-files  --type=mount
UNIT FILE                     STATE
-.mount                       generated
boot.mount                    generated
dev-hugepages.mount           static
dev-mqueue.mount              static
home.mount                    generated
proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount static
sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount static
sys-kernel-config.mount       static
sys-kernel-debug.mount        static
tmp.mount                     disabled

10 unit files listed.

2、如何在系统上挂载、卸载，重新挂载，重新装载系统挂载点以及检查挂载点状态

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl start tmp.mount
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl stop tmp.mount
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl restart tmp.mount
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl reload tmp.mount
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl status tmp.mount
● tmp.mount - Temporary Directory (/tmp)
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/tmp.mount; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (mounted) since Thu 2022-07-14 19:32:45 CST; 20s ago
    Where: /tmp
     What: tmpfs
     Docs: man:hier(7)
           https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/APIFileSystems
    Tasks: 0 (limit: 821235)
   Memory: 4.0K
   CGroup: /system.slice/tmp.mount

3、如何在引导时激活、使能或者禁用一个挂载点(系统引导时自动挂载)

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl is-active tmp.mount
active
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl enable tmp.mount
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants/tmp.mount → /usr/lib/systemd/system/tmp.mount.
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl disable tmp.mount
Removed /etc/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants/tmp.mount.

4、如何在Linux中屏蔽(使不可能启动)或者解除屏蔽一个挂载点

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl mask tmp.mount
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/tmp.mount → /dev/null.
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl unmask tmp.mount
Removed /etc/systemd/system/tmp.mount.

使用systemctl控制和管理套接字

1、列出所有可用的系统套接字

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl list-unit-files --type=socket
UNIT FILE                               STATE
cockpit-wsinstance-http.socket          static
cockpit-wsinstance-https-factory.socket static
cockpit-wsinstance-https@.socket        static
cockpit.socket                          disabled
dbus.socket                             static
dm-event.socket                         enabled
httpd.socket                            disabled
lvm2-lvmpolld.socket                    enabled
sshd.socket                             disabled
sssd-autofs.socket                      disabled
sssd-kcm.socket                         enabled
sssd-nss.socket                         disabled
sssd-pac.socket                         disabled
sssd-pam-priv.socket                    disabled
sssd-pam.socket                         disabled
sssd-ssh.socket                         disabled
sssd-sudo.socket                        disabled
syslog.socket                           static
systemd-coredump.socket                 static
systemd-initctl.socket                  static
systemd-journald-audit.socket           static
systemd-journald-dev-log.socket         static
systemd-journald.socket                 static
systemd-rfkill.socket                   static
systemd-udevd-control.socket            static
systemd-udevd-kernel.socket             static

26 unit files listed.

2、如何在Linux中启动，重启、停止、重新装载和检查一个套接字的状态(例如：cups.socket)

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl start cups.socket
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl restart cups.socket
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl reload cups.socket
Failed to reload cups.socket: Job type reload is not applicable for unit cups.socket.
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl status cups.socket
● cups.socket - CUPS Scheduler
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/cups.socket; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (listening) since Thu 2022-07-14 19:45:18 CST; 37s ago
   Listen: /var/run/cups/cups.sock (Stream)
   CGroup: /system.slice/cups.socket

Jul 14 19:45:18 main-machine systemd[1]: Listening on CUPS Scheduler.
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl stop cups.socket

3、如何在引导时激活一个套接字并且使能或者禁用(在系统引导时自动启动套接字)

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl is-active cups.socket
inactive
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl enable cups.socket
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl disable cups.socket
Removed /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/cups.socket.

4、如何屏蔽(使不可能启动)或者屏蔽一个陶杰字(cups.socket)

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl mask cups.socket
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/cups.socket → /dev/null.
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl unmask cups.socket
Removed /etc/systemd/system/cups.socket.

一个服务的CPU使用率(份额)

1、获取一个服务的当前CPU份额

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl show -p CPUShares httpd.service
CPUShares=[not set]

注意：默认每个服务有一个CPUShare=1024。你可以增加或者减少一个进程的CU份额。

2、限制一个服务(httpd.service)的CPU份额为2000 CPUShares

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl set-property httpd.service CPUShares=2000
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl show -p CPUShares httpd.service
CPUShares=2000

注意：当你为一个服务设置CPUSshare时，用这个服务名称(httpd.service.d)创建了一个目录，其包含了一个文件50-CPUShares.conf，这个文件包含了CPUShare限制信息。你可以查看这个文件：

 cat /etc/systemd/system.control/httpd.service.d/50-CPUShares.conf
# This is a drop-in unit file extension, created via "systemctl set-property"
# or an equivalent operation. Do not edit.
[Service]
CPUShares=2000

3、检查一个服务的所有配置详情。

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl show httpd                                                                                                        Type=notify
Restart=no
NotifyAccess=main
RestartUSec=100ms
TimeoutStartUSec=1min 30s
TimeoutStopUSec=1min 30s
RuntimeMaxUSec=infinity
WatchdogUSec=0
WatchdogTimestamp=Thu 2022-07-14 19:52:59 CST
WatchdogTimestampMonotonic=167286018051
PermissionsStartOnly=no
RootDirectoryStartOnly=no
RemainAfterExit=no
GuessMainPID=yes
MainPID=53178

4、对一个服务(httpd)分析关键链

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemd-analyze critical-chain httpd.service
The time after the unit is active or started is printed after the "@" character.
The time the unit takes to start is printed after the "+" character.

httpd.service +37ms
└─network.target @2.157s
  └─NetworkManager.service @2.127s +28ms
    └─network-pre.target @2.126s
      └─firewalld.service @1.551s +565ms
        └─polkit.service @1.418s +130ms
          └─basic.target @1.409s
            └─sockets.target @1.409s
              └─dbus.socket @1.409s
                └─sysinit.target @1.408s
                  └─systemd-update-done.service @1.398s +9ms
                    └─ldconfig.service @1.211s +185ms
                      └─local-fs.target @1.208s
                        └─home.mount @1.186s +21ms
                          └─dev-mapper-rl\x2dhome.device @1.182s

5、获取一个服务的依赖列表(httpd)

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl list-dependencies httpd.service
httpd.service
● ├─-.mount
● ├─httpd-init.service
● ├─system.slice
● └─sysinit.target
●   ├─dev-hugepages.mount
●   ├─dev-mqueue.mount
●   ├─dracut-shutdown.service
●   ├─import-state.service
●   ├─kmod-static-nodes.service
●   ├─ldconfig.service
●   ├─loadmodules.service
●   ├─lvm2-lvmpolld.socket
●   ├─lvm2-monitor.service
●   ├─nis-domainname.service
●   ├─proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount
●   ├─selinux-autorelabel-mark.service
●   ├─sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
●   ├─sys-kernel-config.mount
●   ├─sys-kernel-debug.mount
●   ├─systemd-ask-password-console.path
●   ├─systemd-binfmt.service
●   ├─systemd-firstboot.service
●   ├─systemd-hwdb-update.service
●   ├─systemd-journal-catalog-update.service
●   ├─systemd-journal-flush.service
●   ├─systemd-journald.service
●   ├─systemd-machine-id-commit.service
●   ├─systemd-modules-load.service
●   ├─systemd-random-seed.service
●   ├─systemd-sysctl.service
●   ├─systemd-sysusers.service
●   ├─systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
●   ├─systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
●   ├─systemd-udev-trigger.service
●   ├─systemd-udevd.service
●   ├─systemd-update-done.service
●   ├─systemd-update-utmp.service
●   ├─cryptsetup.target
●   ├─local-fs.target
●   │ ├─-.mount
●   │ ├─boot.mount
●   │ ├─home.mount
●   │ └─systemd-remount-fs.service
●   └─swap.target
●     └─dev-mapper-rl\x2dswap.swap

6、按层级列出控制组

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemd-cgls
Control group /:
-.slice
├─user.slice
│ ├─user-0.slice
│ │ ├─session-1.scope
│ │ │ ├─1500 login -- root
│ │ │ └─7284 -bash
│ │ └─user@0.service
│ │   └─init.scope
│ │     ├─7274 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user
│ │     └─7277 (sd-pam)
...

7、根据CPU，内存，输入和输出列出控制组

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemd-cgtop
Control Group                                                                                                    Tasks   %CPU   Memory  Input/s Output/s
/                                                                                                                  623      -     3.5G        -        -
/init.scope                                                                                                          1      -    36.1M        -        -
/system.slice                                                                                                      254      -   499.7M        -        -
/system.slice/NetworkManager.service                                                                                 3      -     9.6M        -        -
/system.slice/atd.service                                                                                            1      -   412.0K        -        -
/system.slice/auditd.service                                                                                         2      -     3.7M        -        -
/system.slice/boot.mount                                                                                             -      -     4.0K        -        -
/system.slice/crond.service                                                                                          1      -     1.0M        -        -

控制系统运行级别

1、如何启动一个系统救援模式

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl rescue

2、如何进入紧急模式

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl emergency

3、列出当前在用的运行级别

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl get-default
multi-user.target

4、如何启动运行级别5，即图形模式

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl isolate runlevel5.target
或
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl isolate graphical.target

5、如何启动运行级别3，即多用户模式

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl isolate multi-user.target
或
[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl isolate runlevel3.target

6、如何设置多用户模式或图形模式为默认运行级别

[root@main-machine blctrl]# systemctl set-default graphical.target
Removed /etc/systemd/system/default.target.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/default.target → /usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target.

7、如何重启、暂停，休眠或者使系统进入混合睡眠

# systemctl reboot
# systemctl halt
# systemctl suspend
# systemctl hibernate
# systemctl hyrid-sleep

运行级别以及对应做什么：

Runlevel 0：关闭并且系统。
Runlevel 1：救援。维护模式。
Runlevel 3：多用户，非图形系统
Runlevel 4：多用户，非图形系统
Runlevel 5：多用户，图形系统
Runlevel 6：关闭并且重启机器

如何控制在远程Linux服务器上的systemd服务

可以使用systemctl命令行工具控制systemd系统和服务管理程序。你使你能够通过SSH协议管理本地或者在一台远程Linux机器上的systemd。

我们将在这里展示如何通过一个SSH会话管理在一台远程Linux机器上的systemd系统和服务管理程序。

要连接一个远程服务器，按如下运行带有--host或-H标记的systemctl。在以下命令中，我们以root用户连接到远程服务器，并且status使systemctl工具的子命令，用于查看远程Linux服务的httpd状态。

[blctrl@areadetector ~]$ systemctl --host root@192.168.50.180 status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
  Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system.control/httpd.service.d
           └─50-CPUShares.conf
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-07-14 20:58:42 CST; 7h left
     Docs: man:httpd.service(8)
 Main PID: 54132
   Status: "Running, listening on: port 80"
    Tasks: 213 (limit: 821235)
   Memory: 39.8M
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─54132 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─54147 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─54148 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─54149 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─54150 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
# 或
[blctrl@areadetector ~]$ systemctl -H root@192.168.50.180 status httpd.service
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server

类似地，你也可以按以下显示启动、停止或重启远程systemd服务

[blctrl@areadetector ~]$ systemctl --host root@192.168.50.180 start httpd.service
[blctrl@areadetector ~]$ systemctl --host root@192.168.50.180 stop httpd.service
[blctrl@areadetector ~]$ systemctl --host root@192.168.50.180 restart httpd.service