tcp实现ftp功能模拟FTP核心原理：客户端连接服务器后，向服务器发送一个文件。文件名可以通过参数指定，服务器端接收客户端传来的文件，如果文件不存在自动创建文件，如果文件存在，那么清空文件在输入。

server.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <dirent.h>
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
  if (argc != 2)
  {
    printf("please input %s  <port>\n", argv[0]);
    return -1;
  }
  //创建流失套接字
  int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); //链接
  if (sockfd < 0)
  {
    perror("socket err");
    return -1;
  }
  printf("sockfd:%d\n", sockfd);
  struct sockaddr_in saddr, caddr;
  saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  saddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1])); // int  a=atoi(argv[2])　"8888"int a=atoi("8888")/a=8888
                                         //saddr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(argv[1]);  //inet_addr(argv[1])

  //设置服务器自动获取自己主机的ip
  //saddr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);//INADDR_ANY  0x00000000 "0.0.0.0"
  //saddr.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
  saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("0.0.0.0");

  socklen_t len = sizeof(caddr);
  //2绑定套接字　ip和端口（自己）
  if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr)) < 0)
  {
    perror("bind err");
    return -1;
  }
  printf("blind ok.\n");
  if (listen(sockfd, 5) < 0)
  {
    perror("listen err");
    return -1;
  }
  printf("listen ok\n");

  int ret;
  char buf[128];
  while (1)
  {
    int acceptfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&caddr, &len);
    if (acceptfd < 0)
    {
      perror("accept err");
      return -1;
    }
    printf("acceptfd:%d\n", acceptfd); //通信
    printf("client:ip=%s port=%d\n", inet_ntoa(caddr.sin_addr), ntohs(caddr.sin_port));
    char buf[128];
    ssize_t ret;
    while (1)
    {
      //fgets(arr,sizeof(arr));
      ret = recv(acceptfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
      if (ret < 0)
      {
        perror("rec err");
        return -1;
      }
      else if (ret == 0)
      {
        printf("clinet exit\n");
        break;
      }
      else
      {
        if (strncmp(buf, "list", 4) == 0)
        { //打开当前目录读文件判断文件是普通文件将文件名传给客户端
          list_server(acceptfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
        }
        else if (strncmp(buf, "put ", 4) == 0)
        { //接收文件（本地：打开新建文件接收客户端发送过来的内容写到文件）
          put_server(acceptfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
        }
        else if (strncmp(buf, "get ", 4) == 0)
        { //发送文件
          //本地：打开文件读内容发送给客户端
          get_server(acceptfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
        }
      }
    }
    close(acceptfd);
  }
  close(sockfd);
  //close(acceptfd);
  return 0;
}
//3get
void get_server(int acceptfd, char *buf, int size) //buf->put xxx.c
{
  //打开文件
  int fd = open(buf + 4, O_RDONLY);
  if (fd < 0)
  {
    perror("open file err.");
    return;
  }
  int ret; //实际读到的个数
  while ((ret = read(fd, buf, size - 1)) != 0)
  {
    buf[ret] = '\0';
    send(acceptfd, buf, size, 0);
  }
  strcpy(buf, "get ok.");
  send(acceptfd, buf, size, 0);
}
//2
void put_server(int acceptfd, char *buf, int size)
{
  int fd = open(buf + 4, O_TRUNC | O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0666);
  if (fd < 0)
  {
    perror("open err");
    return;
  }
  while (1)
  {
    if (recv(acceptfd, buf, size, 0) < 0)
    {
      perror("recv err");
      return;
    }
    if (strncmp(buf, "put ok.", 7) == 0)
      break;
    write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
  }
}
//list
void list_server(int acceptfd, char *buf, int size)
{
  DIR *dir = opendir("./");
  if (dir == NULL)
  {
    perror("opendir err");
    return;
  }
  struct dirent *dp = NULL;
  struct stat st;
  while ((dp = readdir(dir)) != NULL)
  {
    stat(dp->d_name, &st);
    if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
    {
      strcpy(buf, dp->d_name);
      send(acceptfd, buf, size, 0);
    }
  }
  //发送结束标志
  strcpy(buf, "list ok.");
  send(acceptfd, buf, size, 0);
}

client.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <dirent.h>
void show(void); //声明
void list_client(int sockfd, char *buf, int size);
void put_client(int sockfd, char *buf, int size);
void get_client(int sockfd, char *buf, int size);
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
  if (argc != 3)
  {
    printf("please input %s <ip> <port>\n", argv[0]);
    return -1;
  }

  int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
  if (sockfd < 0)
  {
    perror("sockfd err");
    return -1;
  }
　　　//　填充结构体
  struct sockaddr_in saddr;
  saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  saddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
  saddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
  if (connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&saddr, sizeof(saddr)) < 0)
  {
    perror("connect err");
    return -1;
  }
  char buf[128];
  // ssize_t ret;
  while (1)
  {
    //1.请求窗口
    show();
    //获取请求
        fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin);
    if (buf[strlen(buf) - 1] == '\n')
      buf[strlen(buf) - 1] == '\0';
    send(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
    if (strncmp(buf, "list", 4) == 0)
    { //循环接收服务器发送过来的普通文件名输出到终端
      list_client(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
    }
    else if (strncmp(buf, "put ", 4) == 0)
    {//上传文件(本地：打开文件读内容发送给服务器)
          put_client(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
    }
    else if (strncmp(buf, "get ", 4) == 0)
    { //下载服务器路径下的文件
　　　　　//本地：（打开新建文件接收服务器发送过来的内容写到文件）
      get_client(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
    }
    else if (strncmp(buf, "quit", 4) == 0)
    {
      break;
    }
  }
  close(sockfd);
  return 0;
}　　 //　list　循环接收服务器发送过来的普通文件名输出到终端
void list_client(int sockfd, char *buf, int size)
{
  while (1)
  {
    if (recv(sockfd, buf, size, 0) < 0)
    {
      perror("recv err");
      return;
    }
    if (strncmp(buf, "list ok.", 8) == 0)
      break;
  }
}    //ｐｕｔ上传文件（本地：打开文件读内容发送给服务器）
void put_client(int sockfd, char *buf, int size) //buf->put xxx.c
{
  int fd = open(buf + 4, O_RDONLY);
  if (fd < 0)
  {
    perror("open err");
    return;
  }
  int ret;
  while ((ret = read(fd, buf, size - 1)) != 0)
  {
    buf[ret] = '\0';
    send(sockfd, buf, size, 0);
  }
  strcpy(buf, "put ok.");
  send(sockfd, buf, size, 0);
}
　　　//ｇｅｔ
void get_client(int sockfd, char *buf, int size)
{
  int fd = open(buf + 4, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
  if (fd < 0)
  {
    perror("open err");
    return;
  }
  while (1)
  {
    if (recv(sockfd, buf, size, 0) < 0)
    {
      perror("recv err");
      return;
    }
    if (strncmp(buf, "get ok.", 7) == 0)
    {
      break;
    }
    write(fd, buf, strlen(buf));
  }
}

void show(void)
{
  printf("************list*********\n");
  printf("************put filename*\n");
  printf("************get filename*\n");
  printf("************quit*********\n");
}