How to use Vim like an IDE

原文见：http://www.vim.org/tips/tip.php?tip_id=1119

created:		February 3, 2006 20:51		complexity:		intermediate
author:		Matt Zyzik		as of Vim:		6.0

 
I personally use Vim for all text editing, even software development. At one point I stopped using IDEs. One major reason is that Vim can do all the major things I need from IDEs (tabs, file trees, greping, syntax highlighting, indentation, completion, "quickfix"ing, etc.). Vim 7 will be introducing one of the most critical features: completion (intellisense).

Still Vim needs plugins to do some IDE-like things that aren't built in.
One thing you might want is the vtreeexplorer (http://vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=184) plugin, which allows you to have a "file list" in a vertically split window. Another thing worth considering is the minibufexpl (http://vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=159) plugin, which will allow for tabs of all your files (works really well).

Yet another thing is in a former tip of mine (http://www.vim.org/tips/tip.php?tip_id=1078), which allows you to delete a buffer without actually closing the window. Also, below, I have a new, more complicated version of it. The below script will actually create a scratch buffer if there are no listed buffers left. The script, in addition, takes care of a small annoyance. Before, if you 1) open vim, 2) :e a file, 3) :bd, 4) :e the same file... then there will be two buffers listed (that file and a [no name] buffer). The following script ensures this doesn't happen.

(Everything in this tutorial and in most of my other tips/tutorials assumes the user does "set hidden".)
Using this Kwbd function (:call Kwbd(1)) will make Vim behave like an IDE; or maybe even better.

" here is a more exotic version of my original Kwbd script
" delete the buffer; keep windows; create a scratch buffer if no buffers left
function Kwbd(kwbdStage)
     if (a:kwbdStage  ==   1 )
         if (!buflisted(winbufnr(0)))
            bd!
             return
        endif
        let g:kwbdBufNum  =  bufnr( " % " )
        let g:kwbdWinNum  =  winnr()
        windo call Kwbd( 2 )
        execute  " normal  "  . g:kwbdWinNum .  ""
        let g:buflistedLeft  =  0
        let g:bufFinalJump  =  0
        let l:nBufs  =  bufnr( " $ " )
        let l:i  =   1
         while (l:i  <=  l:nBufs)
             if (l:i  !=  g:kwbdBufNum)
                 if (buflisted(l:i))
                    let g:buflistedLeft  =  g:buflistedLeft  +   1
                 else
                     if (bufexists(l:i)  &&  !strlen(bufname(l:i))  &&  !g:bufFinalJump)
                        let g:bufFinalJump  =  l:i
                    endif
                endif
            endif
            let l:i  =  l:i  +   1
        endwhile
         if (!g:buflistedLeft)
             if (g:bufFinalJump)
                windo  if (buflisted(winbufnr(0)))  |  execute  " b!  "  . g:bufFinalJump  |  endif
             else
                enew
                let l:newBuf  =  bufnr( " % " )
                windo  if (buflisted(winbufnr(0)))  |  execute  " b!  "  . l:newBuf  |  endif
            endif
            execute  " normal  "  . g:kwbdWinNum .  ""
        endif
         if (buflisted(g:kwbdBufNum)  ||  g:kwbdBufNum  ==  bufnr( " % " ))
            execute  " bd!  "  . g:kwbdBufNum
        endif
         if (!g:buflistedLeft)
            set buflisted
            set bufhidden = delete
            set buftype = nofile
            setlocal noswapfile
            normal athis  is  the scratch buffer
        endif
     else
         if (bufnr( " % " )  ==  g:kwbdBufNum)
            let prevbufvar  =  bufnr( " # " )
             if (prevbufvar  >  0  &&  buflisted(prevbufvar)  &&  prevbufvar  !=  g:kwbdBufNum)
                b  #
             else
                bn
            endif
        endif
    endif
endfunction