复习题
Q2-1:定义一个数字系统。
A:数字用独特的符号来表示
Q2-2:辨析位置化和非位置化数字系统。
A:位置化系统中,数字中符号所占据的位置决定了其表示的值。
非位置化系统中,使用有限的数字符号,每个符号表示一个固定的值,符号所占用的位置 通常与其值无关。为求出一个数字的值,需要把所有符号表示的值相加。
Q2-3:定义位置化数字系统中的底或基数。位置化数字系统中,底与符号的数量有什么关系?
A:底或基数为位置化数字系统中用来表示数字的字符集的总个数
Q2-4:简述十进制系统。为什么称作十进制?该系统的底是多少?
A:十进制系统为位置化数字系统,底b=10并且用10个符号来表示一个数,
字符集为{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
Q2-5:简述二进制系统。为什么称作二进制?该系统的底是多少?
A:二进制系统为位置化数字系统,底b=2并且用2个符号来表示一个数,字符集为{0,1}
Q2-6:简述八进制系统。为什么称作八进制?该系统的底是多少?
A:八进制系统为位置化数字系统,底b=8并且用8个符号来表示一个数,
字符集位{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}
Q2-7:简述十六进制系统。为什么称作十六进制?该系统的底是多少?
A:十六进制系统为位置化数字系统,底b = 16并且用16个符号来表示一个数。
字符集位{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F}
Q2-8:为什么二进制和十六进制相互转换很容易?
A: 因为每4位二进制数对应1位十六进制数;
Q2-9:十六进制系统中1个数码表示二进制系统中的几位?
A: 4位;2*2*2*2 = 16;
Q2-10:八进制系统中1个数码表示二进制系统中的几位?
A: 3位; 2*2*2 = 8;
练习题
P2-1 a.(01101)2 = 13 ; b.(1011000)2 = 88 ;
c.(011110.01)2 = 30.25 ; d.(111111.111)2 = 63.875;
P2-2 a.(AB2)16 = 2738; b.(123)16 = 291;
c.(ABB)16 = 2747; d.(35E.E1)16 = 862.97890625;
P2-3 a.(237)8 = 159; b.(2731)8 = 1497;
c.(617.7)8 = 399.875; d.(21.11)8 = 17.140625;
P2-4 a.1234 = (10011010010)2; b.88 = (1011000)2;
c.124.02 =(1111100.00000101)2; d.14.56 =(1110.10001111)2;
P2-5 a.1156 = (2204)8; b.99 = (143)8;
c.11.4 = (13.314631)8; d.72.8 = (110.631463)8;
P2-6 a.567 = (237)16; b.1411 = (583)16;
c.12.13 = (C.2147AE)16; d.16 = (10)16;
P2-7 a.(514)8 = (14C)16; b.(411)8 = (109)16;
c.(13.7)8 = (B.E)16; d.(1256)8 = (2AE)16;
P2-8 a.(51A)16 = (2432)8; b.(4E1)16 = (2341)8;
c.(BB.C)16 = (273.6)8; d.(ABC.D)16 = (5274.64)8;
P2-9 a.(01101)2 = (15)8; b.(1011000)2 = (130)8;
c.(011110.01)2 = (36.2)8; d.(111111.111)2 = (77.7)8;
P2-10 a.(01101)2 = (D)16; b.(1011000)2 = (58)16;
c.(011110.01)2 = (1E.4)16; d.(111111.111)2 = (3F.E)16;
P2-11 a.121 = (01111001)2; b.78 = (01001110)2;
c.255 = (11111111)2; d.214 = (11010110)2;
P2-12 a.(3+5/8) = (11.101)2; b.(12+3/32) = (1100.00011)2;
c.(4+13/64) = (100.001101)2; d.(12+5/128) = (1100.0000101)2;
P2-13 a.binary = (111111)2; b.decimal = 999999;
c.hexadecimal = (FFFFFF)16; d.octal = (777777)8;
P2-14 a. 17; b. 5; c. 6;
P2-15 a. 2; b. 3; c. 4;
P2-16 a. 0.1875 = (0.0011)2 b. 0.640625 = (0.101001)2
c. 0.40625 = (0.01101)2 d. 0.375 = (0.011)2
P2-17 a.7.1875 = (111.0011)2; b.12.640625 = (1100.101001)2;
c.11.40625 = (1011.01101)2; d.0.375 = (0.011)2;
P2-18 a. 9,999,999,999 b. 65535 c. 16,777,215 d. 268,435,455
P2-19 a. 10(2); b. 17(2); c. 6(2); d. 8(2);
P2-20 a. 14 b. 8 c. 13 d. 4
P2-21 a.(17.234.34.14)256 = 300,556,814 ;
b.(14.56.234.56)256 = 238,611,000 ;
c.(110.14.56.78)256 = 1,864,425,678 ;
d.(24.56.13.11)256 = 406,326,539 ;
P2-22 a. 17.234.34.14 = (00010001 11101010 00100010 00001110)2;
b. 14.56.234.56 = (00001110 00111000 11101010 00111000)2;
c. 110.14.56.78 = (01101110 00001110 00111000 01001110)2;
d. 24.56.13.11 = (00011000 00111000 00001101 00001011)2;
P2-23 a. 15; b. 27; c. V不能再L前 d. 1157;
P2-24 a. XVII b. XXLVII c. LXXXII d. DCCCCLXXXXIX
P2-25 a. Not valid because I cannot come before M
b. Not valid because I cannot come before C
c. Not valid because V cannot come before C
d. Not valid because 5 is written as V not VX
P2-26 略
P2-27