saltstack的一些模块的使用

一、stal的mysql简单用法

yum install MySQL-python.x86_64 -y				##安装python管理数据库的服务
yum install mariadb-server.x86_64 -y			##安装mairiadb当作数据库使用
systemctl start mariadb							##启动数据库并做好安全初始化
mysql_secure_installation

从官网复制一个salt库的文件，test.sql，将它导入mysql
cat test.sql 			##内容可参考下方
CREATE DATABASE  `salt`
  DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8
  DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

USE `salt`;

--
-- Table structure for table `jids`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `jids`;
CREATE TABLE `jids` (
  `jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `load` mediumtext NOT NULL,
  UNIQUE KEY `jid` (`jid`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- CREATE INDEX jid ON jids(jid) USING BTREE;		##注释这一行或删除

--
-- Table structure for table `salt_returns`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `salt_returns`;
CREATE TABLE `salt_returns` (
  `fun` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  `jid` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `return` mediumtext NOT NULL,
  `id` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `success` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
  `full_ret` mediumtext NOT NULL,
  `alter_time` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  KEY `id` (`id`),
  KEY `jid` (`jid`),
  KEY `fun` (`fun`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

--
-- Table structure for table `salt_events`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `salt_events`;
CREATE TABLE `salt_events` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`tag` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`data` mediumtext NOT NULL,
`alter_time` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`master_id` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `tag` (`tag`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

mysql -predhat		##进入数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on salt.* to salt@'%' identified by 'salt';		##创建一个远程登陆的salt并赋予权限

server2minion上的设定:
vim /etc/salt/minion
systemctl restart salt-minion
yum install MySQL-python.x86_64 -y		##server2上如果不安装这个服务，server1就无法把数据存入数据库

经过简单的配置我们现在不仅能在缓存中看到我们的操作指令，还能看到对server2的操作指令在数据库中
mysql -p
use salt;
select * from salt_returns;

select * from salt_returns;select * from salt_returns;

在添加一些指令,让没有设置minion的server3指令也能保存
vim /etc/salt/master		##加在最后即可
mysql -p
grant all on salt.* to salt@'localhost' identified by 'salt';
systemctl restart salt-master
salt server3 cmd.run hostname		##尝试一些指令，然后在salt库中相同的表中查看

二、salt自带的高可用模块

给server1添加一个salt-syndic模块，让另一台主机server4开启最高master功能，然后server4通过与server1上的syndic模块通信，可以管理多个master

server4上开启top master功能
yum insatll salt-syndic		##首先安装这个组件
vim /etc/salt/master
systemctl restart salt-master

把server1上的syndic服务指向最高master
vim /etc/salt/master
systemctl restart salt-master

server1开启salt-syndic服务和重启master后在server4上测试：

虽然只显示了master，但是推送服务时可以连接掉master下面的主机

三、salt-ssh模块(不需要安装minion端)

把server2的minion停掉
yum install salt-ssh
vim /etc/salt/roster		##指向那个没有minion的客户端
systemctl stop minion
salt-ssh server2 -r "hostname"		##类似于ansible

四、salt的api模块

可以参考github上的api文档，按照自己的需求作出更改即可

yum install salt-api.noarch  ##首先安装api组件
先做一个自签名的证书和密钥
然后编写配置文件，加入证书密钥的路径并设置权限
最后开启salt-api,并重启salt-server

生成token密钥，然后连接上自己的客户端minion
curl -sSk https://localhost:8000/login \ 
-H 'Accept: application/x-yaml' \
-d username=saltapi \
-d password=redhat \
-d eauth=pam

curl -sSk https://localhost:8000 \
-H 'Accept: application/x-yaml' \
-H 'X-Auth-Token: ffa924d84c6a202922c326f07e76b5415ad00283' \
-d client=local -d tgt='*' -d fun=test.ping

vim salt.api.py		##编写一个api文件调用，注意复制的格式
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import urllib2,urllib
import time

try:
    import json
except ImportError:
    import simplejson as json

class SaltAPI(object):
    __token_id = ''
    def __init__(self,url,username,password):
        self.__url = url.rstrip('/')
        self.__user = username
        self.__password = password

    def token_id(self):
        ''' user login and get token id '''
        params = {'eauth': 'pam', 'username': self.__user, 'password': self.__password}
        encode = urllib.urlencode(params)
        obj = urllib.unquote(encode)
        content = self.postRequest(obj,prefix='/login')
	try:
            self.__token_id = content['return'][0]['token']
        except KeyError:
            raise KeyError

    def postRequest(self,obj,prefix='/'):
        url = self.__url + prefix
        headers = {'X-Auth-Token'   : self.__token_id}
        req = urllib2.Request(url, obj, headers)
        opener = urllib2.urlopen(req)
        content = json.loads(opener.read())
        return content

    def list_all_key(self):
        params = {'client': 'wheel', 'fun': 'key.list_all'}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        minions = content['return'][0]['data']['return']['minions']
        minions_pre = content['return'][0]['data']['return']['minions_pre']
        return minions,minions_pre

    def delete_key(self,node_name):
        params = {'client': 'wheel', 'fun': 'key.delete', 'match': node_name}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        ret = content['return'][0]['data']['success']
        return ret

    def accept_key(self,node_name):
        params = {'client': 'wheel', 'fun': 'key.accept', 'match': node_name}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        ret = content['return'][0]['data']['success']
        return ret

    def remote_noarg_execution(self,tgt,fun):
        ''' Execute commands without parameters '''
        params = {'client': 'local', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': fun}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        ret = content['return'][0][tgt]
        return ret

    def remote_execution(self,tgt,fun,arg):
        ''' Command execution with parameters '''        
        params = {'client': 'local', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': fun, 'arg': arg}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        ret = content['return'][0][tgt]
        return ret

    def target_remote_execution(self,tgt,fun,arg):
        ''' Use targeting for remote execution '''
        params = {'client': 'local', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': fun, 'arg': arg, 'expr_form': 'nodegroup'}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        jid = content['return'][0]['jid']
        return jid

    def deploy(self,tgt,arg):
        ''' Module deployment '''
        params = {'client': 'local', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': 'state.sls', 'arg': arg}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        return content

    def async_deploy(self,tgt,arg):
        ''' Asynchronously send a command to connected minions '''
        params = {'client': 'local_async', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': 'state.sls', 'arg': arg}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        jid = content['return'][0]['jid']
        return jid

    def target_deploy(self,tgt,arg):
        ''' Based on the node group forms deployment '''> -d tgt='*' \
> -d fun=test.ping
return:
- server2: true
  server3: true

        params = {'client': 'local_async', 'tgt': tgt, 'fun': 'state.sls', 'arg': arg, 'expr_form': 'nodegroup'}
        obj = urllib.urlencode(params)
        self.token_id()
        content = self.postRequest(obj)
        jid = content['return'][0]['jid']
        return jid

def main():
    sapi = SaltAPI(url=,username=,password=)
    #sapi.token_id()
    print sapi.list_all_key()							##用这一行来测试是否连接上客户端
    #sapi.delete_key('test-01')
    #sapi.accept_key('test-01')
    #sapi.deploy('test-01','nginx')
    #print sapi.remote_noarg_execution('test-01','grains.items')				##可以通过这一行来执行命令

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()