(一)背景介绍
最近做了一个工程需要用到IAP在线升级这个功能,当时在学的时候,了解到IAP的功能当时就觉得很鸡肋,明明有烧写器干嘛那么费事,现在觉得当时确实浅薄了,IAP功能在工程中确实是非常有用的,他可以让你的嵌入式产品可以像手机一样实现在线升级,添加APP,没有必要每次都把外壳拆下来进行烧写。更关键的是,这次在学习IAP的过程中我之前很多不理解的东西,忽然就搞明白了。因为这段时间我也在学LINUX对于嵌入式LINUX的开发方式是非常不习惯的,毕竟集成IDE也用惯了吗,可是在这次后,我忽然发现,IAP的开发方式和传统的脱离IDE的LINUX开发方式是相同的,都是先烧写bootload,LINUX里面叫uboot,顿时我就不淡定了。之前一直用集成IDE心理总会是有一点不踏实的,感觉自己被人家安排了,不管你这么些代码也没有跳出那些条条框框,现在就舒服了吗。
(二)boot移植修改
在移植过程中也遇到了很多坑,好在都解决了。现在把关键的地方都记录一下,感觉以后肯定还会再用到。
我是采用正点原子的FATFS实验直接进行的移植。正点原子也有IAP升级历程但是是串口升级,搭配蓝牙或者无线模块可以进行远程升级。我这里因为工程需要采用SD卡升级的方式。
移植中主要就是对程序的剪裁,毕竟是BOOTLOAD程序你搞个几百K显然不合适啦。我们要删去LCD,LTDC驱动,加入内存管理,SD卡,文件管理等功能。并且剪裁FATFS减少数据量。
关键在于ffconf.h文件的修改。
修改如下。
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/ FatFs - FAT file system module configuration file R0.12 (C)ChaN, 2016
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define _FFCONF 88100 /* Revision ID */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/ Function Configurations
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define _FS_READONLY 0
/* This option switches read-only configuration. (0:Read/Write or 1:Read-only)
/ Read-only configuration removes writing API functions, f_write(), f_sync(),
/ f_unlink(), f_mkdir(), f_chmod(), f_rename(), f_truncate(), f_getfree()
/ and optional writing functions as well. */
#define _FS_MINIMIZE 0
/* This option defines minimization level to remove some basic API functions.
/
/ 0: All basic functions are enabled.
/ 1: f_stat(), f_getfree(), f_unlink(), f_mkdir(), f_truncate() and f_rename()
/ are removed.
/ 2: f_opendir(), f_readdir() and f_closedir() are removed in addition to 1.
/ 3: f_lseek() function is removed in addition to 2. */
#define _USE_STRFUNC 1
/* This option switches string functions, f_gets(), f_putc(), f_puts() and
/ f_printf().
/
/ 0: Disable string functions.
/ 1: Enable without LF-CRLF conversion.
/ 2: Enable with LF-CRLF conversion. */
#define _USE_FIND 0
/* This option switches filtered directory read functions, f_findfirst() and
/ f_findnext(). (0:Disable, 1:Enable 2:Enable with matching altname[] too) */
#define _USE_MKFS 1
/* This option switches f_mkfs() function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
#define _USE_FASTSEEK 1
/* This option switches fast seek function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
#define _USE_EXPAND 0
/* This option switches f_expand function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
#define _USE_CHMOD 0
/* This option switches attribute manipulation functions, f_chmod() and f_utime().
/ (0:Disable or 1:Enable) Also _FS_READONLY needs to be 0 to enable this option. */
#define _USE_LABEL 1
/* This option switches volume label functions, f_getlabel() and f_setlabel().
/ (0:Disable or 1:Enable) */
#define _USE_FORWARD 0
/* This option switches f_forward() function. (0:Disable or 1:Enable)
/ To enable it, also _FS_TINY need to be 1. */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/ Locale and Namespace Configurations
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
//这个改成1,再把中文支持的文件给删了
#define _CODE_PAGE 1
/* This option specifies the OEM code page to be used on the target system.
/ Incorrect setting of the code page can cause a file open failure.
/
/ 1 - ASCII (No extended character. Non-LFN cfg. only)
/ 437 - U.S.
/ 720 - Arabic
/ 737 - Greek
/ 771 - KBL
/ 775 - Baltic
/ 850 - Latin 1
/ 852 - Latin 2
/ 855 - Cyrillic
/ 857 - Turkish
/ 860 - Portuguese
/ 861 - Icelandic
/ 862 - Hebrew
/ 863 - Canadian French
/ 864 - Arabic
/ 865 - Nordic
/ 866 - Russian
/ 869 - Greek 2
/ 932 - Japanese (DBCS)
/ 936 - Simplified Chinese (DBCS)
/ 949 - Korean (DBCS)
/ 950 - Traditional Chinese (DBCS)
*/
//这里必须改成零不然编译不过
#define _USE_LFN 0
//#define _MAX_LFN 255
/* The _USE_LFN switches the support of long file name (LFN).
/
/ 0: Disable support of LFN. _MAX_LFN has no effect.
/ 1: Enable LFN with static working buffer on the BSS. Always NOT thread-safe.
/ 2: Enable LFN with dynamic working buffer on the STACK.
/ 3: Enable LFN with dynamic working buffer on the HEAP.
/
/ To enable the LFN, Unicode handling functions (option/unicode.c) must be added
/ to the project. The working buffer occupies (_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2 bytes and
/ additional 608 bytes at exFAT enabled. _MAX_LFN can be in range from 12 to 255.
/ It should be set 255 to support full featured LFN operations.
/ When use stack for the working buffer, take care on stack overflow. When use heap
/ memory for the working buffer, memory management functions, ff_memalloc() and
/ ff_memfree(), must be added to the project. */
#define _LFN_UNICODE 0
/* This option switches character encoding on the API. (0:ANSI/OEM or 1:Unicode)
/ To use Unicode string for the path name, enable LFN and set _LFN_UNICODE = 1.
/ This option also affects behavior of string I/O functions. */
#define _STRF_ENCODE 0
/* When _LFN_UNICODE == 1, this option selects the character encoding on the file to
/ be read/written via string I/O functions, f_gets(), f_putc(), f_puts and f_printf().
/
/ 0: ANSI/OEM
/ 1: UTF-16LE
/ 2: UTF-16BE
/ 3: UTF-8
/
/ This option has no effect when _LFN_UNICODE == 0. */
#define _FS_RPATH 0
/* This option configures support of relative path.
/
/ 0: Disable relative path and remove related functions.
/ 1: Enable relative path. f_chdir() and f_chdrive() are available.
/ 2: f_getcwd() function is available in addition to 1.
*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/ Drive/Volume Configurations
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define _VOLUMES 3 //支持3个磁盘
/* Number of volumes (logical drives) to be used. */
#define _STR_VOLUME_ID 0
#define _VOLUME_STRS "RAM","NAND","CF","SD1","SD2","USB1","USB2","USB3"
/* _STR_VOLUME_ID switches string support of volume ID.
/ When _STR_VOLUME_ID is set to 1, also pre-defined strings can be used as drive
/ number in the path name. _VOLUME_STRS defines the drive ID strings for each
/ logical drives. Number of items must be equal to _VOLUMES. Valid characters for
/ the drive ID strings are: A-Z and 0-9. */
#define _MULTI_PARTITION 0
/* This option switches support of multi-partition on a physical drive.
/ By default (0), each logical drive number is bound to the same physical drive
/ number and only an FAT volume found on the physical drive will be mounted.
/ When multi-partition is enabled (1), each logical drive number can be bound to
/ arbitrary physical drive and partition listed in the VolToPart[]. Also f_fdisk()
/ funciton will be available. */
#define _MIN_SS 512
#define _MAX_SS 512
/* These options configure the range of sector size to be supported. (512, 1024,
/ 2048 or 4096) Always set both 512 for most systems, all type of memory cards and
/ harddisk. But a larger value may be required for on-board flash memory and some
/ type of optical media. When _MAX_SS is larger than _MIN_SS, FatFs is configured
/ to variable sector size and GET_SECTOR_SIZE command must be implemented to the
/ disk_ioctl() function. */
#define _USE_TRIM 0
/* This option switches support of ATA-TRIM. (0:Disable or 1:Enable)
/ To enable Trim function, also CTRL_TRIM command should be implemented to the
/ disk_ioctl() function. */
#define _FS_NOFSINFO 0
/* If you need to know correct free space on the FAT32 volume, set bit 0 of this
/ option, and f_getfree() function at first time after volume mount will force
/ a full FAT scan. Bit 1 controls the use of last allocated cluster number.
/
/ bit0=0: Use free cluster count in the FSINFO if available.
/ bit0=1: Do not trust free cluster count in the FSINFO.
/ bit1=0: Use last allocated cluster number in the FSINFO if available.
/ bit1=1: Do not trust last allocated cluster number in the FSINFO.
*/
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------/
/ System Configurations
/---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define _FS_TINY 0
/* This option switches tiny buffer configuration. (0:Normal or 1:Tiny)
/ At the tiny configuration, size of the file object (FIL) is reduced _MAX_SS bytes.
/ Instead of private sector buffer eliminated from the file object, common sector
/ buffer in the file system object (FATFS) is used for the file data transfer. */
//把这个也关了
#define _FS_EXFAT 0
/* This option switches support of exFAT file system in addition to the traditional
/ FAT file system. (0:Disable or 1:Enable) To enable exFAT, also LFN must be enabled.
/ Note that enabling exFAT discards C89 compatibility. */
#define _FS_NORTC 0
#define _NORTC_MON 3
#define _NORTC_MDAY 1
#define _NORTC_YEAR 2016
/* The option _FS_NORTC switches timestamp functiton. If the system does not have
/ any RTC function or valid timestamp is not needed, set _FS_NORTC = 1 to disable
/ the timestamp function. All objects modified by FatFs will have a fixed timestamp
/ defined by _NORTC_MON, _NORTC_MDAY and _NORTC_YEAR in local time.
/ To enable timestamp function (_FS_NORTC = 0), get_fattime() function need to be
/ added to the project to get current time form real-time clock. _NORTC_MON,
/ _NORTC_MDAY and _NORTC_YEAR have no effect.
/ These options have no effect at read-only configuration (_FS_READONLY = 1). */
#define _FS_LOCK 0
/* The option _FS_LOCK switches file lock function to control duplicated file open
/ and illegal operation to open objects. This option must be 0 when _FS_READONLY
/ is 1.
/
/ 0: Disable file lock function. To avoid volume corruption, application program
/ should avoid illegal open, remove and rename to the open objects.
/ >0: Enable file lock function. The value defines how many files/sub-directories
/ can be opened simultaneously under file lock control. Note that the file
/ lock control is independent of re-entrancy. */
#define _FS_REENTRANT 0
#define _FS_TIMEOUT 1000
#define _SYNC_t HANDLE
/* The option _FS_REENTRANT switches the re-entrancy (thread safe) of the FatFs
/ module itself. Note that regardless of this option, file access to different
/ volume is always re-entrant and volume control functions, f_mount(), f_mkfs()
/ and f_fdisk() function, are always not re-entrant. Only file/directory access
/ to the same volume is under control of this function.
/
/ 0: Disable re-entrancy. _FS_TIMEOUT and _SYNC_t have no effect.
/ 1: Enable re-entrancy. Also user provided synchronization handlers,
/ ff_req_grant(), ff_rel_grant(), ff_del_syncobj() and ff_cre_syncobj()
/ function, must be added to the project. Samples are available in
/ option/syscall.c.
/
/ The _FS_TIMEOUT defines timeout period in unit of time tick.
/ The _SYNC_t defines O/S dependent sync object type. e.g. HANDLE, ID, OS_EVENT*,
/ SemaphoreHandle_t and etc.. A header file for O/S definitions needs to be
/ included somewhere in the scope of ff.c. */
/*--- End of configuration options ---*/
大概就是这些修改。最后编译一下。
大概25K作为bootload还是非常小巧的吗。
还有就是一些基础的配置。
还有一个非常关键的地方就是
在APP程序中要设置偏移量。
SCB->VTOR = FLASH_BASE | 0x10000;//设置偏移量。
这就差不多了,这个BOOTLOAD程序使用方法为:事先烧入bootload程序 然后将APP工程镜像命名为1.bin(怎么搞到镜像去看原子的文档)添加到SD卡UPDATE文件夹下,开机后自动更新,更新完成自动启动APP。在下一次启动前删除1.bin即可。
源码我就放在底下了: