正则表达式

Character classes
[abc]	a, b, or c (simple class)
[^abc]	Any character except a, b, or c (negation)
[a-zA-Z]	a through z or A through Z, inclusive (range)
[a-d[m-p]]	a through d, or m through p: [a-dm-p] (union)
[a-z&&[def]]	d, e, or f (intersection)
[a-z&&[^bc]]	a through z, except for b and c: [ad-z] (subtraction)
[a-z&&[^m-p]]	a through z, and not m through p: [a-lq-z](subtraction)

 

Predefined character classes
.	Any character (may or may not match line terminators)
/d	A digit: [0-9]
/D	A non-digit: [^0-9]
/s	A whitespace character: [ /t/n/x0B/f/r]
/S	A non-whitespace character: [^/s]
/w	A word character: [a-zA-Z_0-9]
/W	A non-word character: [^/w]

 

POSIX character classes (US-ASCII only)
/p{Lower}	A lower-case alphabetic character: [a-z]
/p{Upper}	An upper-case alphabetic character:[A-Z]
/p{ASCII}	All ASCII:[/x00-/x7F]
/p{Alpha}	An alphabetic character:[/p{Lower}/p{Upper}]
/p{Digit}	A decimal digit: [0-9]
/p{Alnum}	An alphanumeric character:[/p{Alpha}/p{Digit}]
/p{Punct}	Punctuation: One of !"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[/]^_`{|}~
/p{Graph}	A visible character: [/p{Alnum}/p{Punct}]
/p{Print}	A printable character: [/p{Graph}/x20]
/p{Blank}	A space or a tab: [ /t]
/p{Cntrl}	A control character: [/x00-/x1F/x7F]
/p{XDigit}	A hexadecimal digit: [0-9a-fA-F]
/p{Space}	A whitespace character: [ /t/n/x0B/f/r]

 

Greedy quantifiers
X?	X, once or not at all
X*	X, zero or more times
X+	X, one or more times
X{n}	X, exactly n times
X{n,}	X, at least n times
X{n,m}	X, at least n but not more than m times

 

Reluctant quantifiers
X??	X, once or not at all
X*?	X, zero or more times
X+?	X, one or more times
X{n}?	X, exactly n times
X{n,}?	X, at least n times
X{n,m}?	X, at least n but not more than m times

 

Possessive quantifiers
X?+	X, once or not at all
X*+	X, zero or more times
X++	X, one or more times
X{n}+	X, exactly n times
X{n,}+	X, at least n times
X{n,m}+	X, at least n but not more than m times

 

Logical operators
XY	X followed by Y
X|Y	Either X or Y
(X)	X, as a capturing group

以上摘自java文档，详见java.util.regex。

注意：网上很多讲正则表达式的文章是基于Jakarta-ORO的，我在这里介绍的是java自带的，他们在匹配模式上有一定差别，使用时注意不要混淆。

使用示例：

电话号码：1234-12345678       [0-9]{4}-[0-9]{8} 或 //d{4}-//d{8}    电话号码格式固定 区号4位，号码8位，中间-连接