SimpleDateFormat在多线程下不安全

在工具类中有2个时间格式化和字符串转换成时间的函数，使用了类静态变量 
SimpleDateFormat，具体代码如下： 

public class Utils  
{  
    public static SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss");  
  
  
public static String getLocalTime(Date d)  
    {  
        Date tmp = d;  
        if (tmp == null)  
            tmp = new Date();  
        String ret = null;  
            ret = df.format(tmp);  
        return ret;  
    }  
  
      
    public static Date parse2Time(String date)  
    {  
        Date d = null;  
        try  
        {  
            if (date.length() == 8)  
                date = date + "000000";  
                d = df.parse(date);  
  
        }  
        catch (ParseException e)  
        {  
            LogUtils.Log(logger, e);  
        }  
        return d;  
    }  
  
} 

在多线程下使用时，报如下错误： 

Exception in thread "Thread-11" java.lang.NumberFormatException: multiple points  
    at sun.misc.FloatingDecimal.readJavaFormatString(FloatingDecimal.java:1084)  
    at java.lang.Double.parseDouble(Double.java:510)  
    at java.text.DigitList.getDouble(DigitList.java:151)  
    at java.text.DecimalFormat.parse(DecimalFormat.java:1303)  
    at java.text.SimpleDateFormat.subParse(SimpleDateFormat.java:1936)  
    at java.text.SimpleDateFormat.parse(SimpleDateFormat.java:1312)  
    at java.text.DateFormat.parse(DateFormat.java:335)  

可以采用synchronized锁将代码改成如下： 

public class Utils  
{  
    public static String getLocalTime(Date d)  
    {  
        Date tmp = d;  
        if (tmp == null)  
            tmp = new Date();  
        String ret = null;  
        synchronized(df)  
        {  
            ret = df.format(tmp);  
        }  
        return ret;  
    }  
  
      
    public static Date parse2Time(String date)  
    {  
        Date d = null;  
        try  
        {  
            if (date.length() == 8)  
                date = date + "000000";  
            synchronized(df)  
            {  
                d = df.parse(date);  
            }  
        }  
        catch (ParseException e)  
        {  
            LogUtils.Log(logger, e);  
        }  
        return d;  
    }  
  
} 

或者采用如下方式：

public class Utils  
{  
    /**
     * 注意 SimpleDateFormat 不是线程同步的，必须用 ThreadLocal
     */
    private static ThreadLocal<DateFormat> THREAD_LOCAL = new ThreadLocal<DateFormat>() {
        protected synchronized DateFormat initialValue() {
            return new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS");
        }
    };

    public static DateFormat getDateFormat() {
        return THREAD_LOCAL.get();
    }

    public static String getLocalTime(Date d)  
    {  
        Date tmp = d;  
        if (tmp == null)  
            tmp = new Date();  
        String ret = getDateFormat().format(tmp);  
        return ret;  
    }  
  
      
    public static Date parse2Time(String date)  
    {   
        try  
        {  
            if (date.length() == 8)  
                date = date + "000000";  
            Date d = getDateFormat().parse(date);  
        }  
        catch (ParseException e)  
        {  
            LogUtils.Log(logger, e);  
        }  
        return d;  
    }  
  
} 

测试以上方法较commons-lang包中的DateUtils.parse(String time)性能要高，而且在DateUtils.parse()中也是调用SimpleDateFormat的方法的。