Java与CSP数据兼容之一：Java兼容CSP导出的RSA公钥数据

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最新推荐文章于 2023-04-19 14:26:42 发布

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分类专栏： CSP Java 文章标签： java CryptoAPI RSA公钥

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yyfzy/article/details/49273593

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Java中导入公钥数据,最直接的方式是导入X509证书数据，从中获取公钥对象。但是有时为了和客户端C++程序、特别是Windows平台数据兼容，需要把Windows下通过CryptoAPI导出的公钥数据转化为Java里的公钥对象，这样就需要做一定的转化。

下面将讲述Java中这三种生成RSA公钥对象的方法：

一、通过X509证书创建

如果已知公钥所在的证书文件(X509格式)，那么可以直接通过证书获取对应的公钥对象。其相关代码如下：

/**
 * Created by Singler on 2015/10/12.
 * RSA加解密实现类
 *
 */
public class RSA {
    /** 算法 */
    private static String ALGORITHM = "RSA";
    /** RSA bits */
    private static int KEYSIZE = 1024;	
	
	/** 由X509格式的证书内容创建公钥对象，证书内容用Base64编码 **/
    public static RSAPublicKey CreatePublicKeyFromCert(String base64X509Cert) throws Exception {
        /**将证书内容解码成二进制**/
        Base64.Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();
        byte[] certData = decoder.decode(base64X509Cert);

        /**构造证书对象**/
        CertificateFactory certificatefactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
        ByteArrayInputStream bain = new ByteArrayInputStream(certData);
        X509Certificate Cert = (X509Certificate)certificatefactory.generateCertificate(bain);

        /**获取公钥对象**/
        RSAPublicKey pukKey = (RSAPublicKey)Cert.getPublicKey();

        return pukKey;
    }
}	

public class Main {
    static final String base64X509EncCert = "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";

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        try {
            PublicKey pubKey = RSA.CreatePublicKeyFromCert(base64X509EncCert);
            byte[] pubKeyData = pubKey.getEncoded();
            String pubKeyStr = Convert.bytesToHexString(pubKeyData);
            System.out.println(pubKeyStr);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
	}
}

该RSA公钥的X509 Encoded数据以16进制输出结果如下：

30820122300d06092a864886f70d01010105000382010f003082010a0282010100c3e0f8a5311151e98fb4622cb5eae2796a136d14cd1e06740cdf59e2a7eb4b4dde58fdf7f7f241906c8ac25072902cd80edf0bd18316ff55e0d5aa69606bdfa389a756fc7321b735b6e6a71f567ec275dbac7aa05b99dd94c8d9df6f260f20c84473e6cc0f053184af3c626d9ebbf81fd4dcf8278aae6896b246f3c418384ff314c58b24ffe59683acb975453ad6bc2bd7d1f20592aaf77c47f0839cb60791c6c7faa08b50275cb535de795d512e9762e1e4ab5367364c580c2b788abf1216491f45dd6ce787872efcfdf32642d90aa49a8ba513136acd590569959ea1f180141cbe178ebba70d18961b69d8ac24393b628e8c5b733b9116f26de53b0bdc9fed0203010001

二、通过X509 Encoded数据创建

如果知道RSA公钥的X509 Encoded数据（比如上例中的输出），那可以直接由该数据创建公钥对象。主要代码如下：

/**
 * Created by Singler on 2015/10/12.
 * RSA加解密实现类
 *
 */
public class RSA {
    /** 算法 */
    private static String ALGORITHM = "RSA";
    /** RSA bits */
    private static int KEYSIZE = 1024;

    /** 由X509 Encoded公钥数据构造公钥对象，公钥数据用Base64编码 */
    public static RSAPublicKey CreatePublicKeyFromString(String base64EncodedPubKey) throws Exception {
        /**将证书内容解码成二进制**/
        Base64.Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();
        byte[] encodedPubkeyData = decoder.decode(base64EncodedPubKey);

        /**构造公钥对象**/
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509EncodedKeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(encodedPubkeyData);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
        return (RSAPublicKey)keyFactory.generatePublic(x509EncodedKeySpec);
    }
}

public class Main {
    static String base64X509PubKey = "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAw+D4pTERUemPtGIsterieWoTbRTNHgZ0DN9Z4qfrS03eWP339/JBkGyKwlBykCzYDt8L0YMW/1Xg1appYGvfo4mnVvxzIbc1tuanH1Z+wnXbrHqgW5ndlMjZ328mDyDIRHPmzA8FMYSvPGJtnrv4H9Tc+CeKrmiWskbzxBg4T/MUxYsk/+WWg6y5dUU61rwr19HyBZKq93xH8IOctgeRxsf6oItQJ1y1Nd55XVEul2Lh5KtTZzZMWAwreIq/EhZJH0XdbOeHhy78/fMmQtkKpJqLpRMTas1ZBWmVnqHxgBQcvheOu6cNGJYbadisJDk7Yo6MW3M7kRbybeU7C9yf7QIDAQAB";
 
	public static void main(String[] args) {

        try {
            PublicKey pubKey = RSA.CreatePublicKeyFromString(base64X509PubKey);
            byte[] pubKeyData = pubKey.getEncoded();
            String pubKeyStr = Convert.bytesToHexString(pubKeyData);
            System.out.println(pubKeyStr);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

三、通过Windows CryptoAPI导出的RSA公钥数据创建

有时RSA公钥数据来源于Windows客户端，Windows下常用的RSA函数来源于微软的CryptoAPI，其导出的RSA公钥数据为PUBLICKEYBLOB类型的数据块，数据块包含结构体BLOBHEADER和RSAPUBKEY。此时如果想把该RSA公钥应用于Java，就需要通过最原始的模和指数数据创建RSA公钥对象了。同时要注意，由于CrytoAPI的数据是大端模式，而Java里是小端模式，所以从CryptoAPI得到的模和指数都要经过转化才能在Java中使用。

具体过程如下：

1、使用CryptoAPI导出RSA公钥数据

2、得到公钥模和指数

3、大端到小端的转化

4、在Java中构造公钥对象

下面是C++调用CryptoAPI导出公钥数据的代码。

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include <atlconv.h>

DWORD ExportPubKey(HCRYPTPROV hProv, DWORD dwKeyUsage, LPBYTE lpbtPubKey, LPDWORD lpdwLen);
void Reverse(LPBYTE lpData, DWORD dwLen);
void PrintDataInHex(LPBYTE lpData, DWORD dwLen);

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{	
	DWORD dwErr = 0;
	DWORD dwFlag = CRYPT_FIRST;
	DWORD dwParamLen = 2048;
	BYTE btParamData[2048] = {0};
	HCRYPTPROV hDefaultProv = NULL;
	HCRYPTPROV hProv = NULL;
	TCHAR *pContainer = NULL;
	const TCHAR tcCSPName[] = {_T("ZJCA CSP v1.0 for EnterSafe ePass3000gm")};
	//
	DWORD dwPubKeyLen = 0;
	DWORD dwModulusLen = 0;
	LPBYTE lpbtPubKey = NULL;
	LPBYTE lpbtModulus = NULL;
	BYTE btPubexp[4] = {0};
	BLOBHEADER *pBlobHeader = NULL;
	RSAPUBKEY *pRSAPubKey = NULL;
	
	USES_CONVERSION;

	if (!CryptAcquireContext(&hDefaultProv, NULL, tcCSPName, PROV_RSA_FULL, 0))
	{
		DWORD dwErr = GetLastError();
		printf("函数CryptAcquireContext失败! dwError = 0x%x\n", dwErr);
		goto END;
	}
		
	//获取CSP所有的容器名称，找到加密密钥所在容器
	while (CryptGetProvParam(hDefaultProv, PP_ENUMCONTAINERS, btParamData, &dwParamLen, dwFlag))
	{
		dwFlag = CRYPT_NEXT;
#ifdef UNICODE
		pContainer = A2W((char*)btParamData);
#else
		pContainer = btParamData;
#endif
		if (CryptAcquireContext(&hProv, pContainer, tcCSPName, PROV_RSA_FULL, 0))
		{		
			HCRYPTKEY hKeyPair = NULL;
			if (CryptGetUserKey(hProv, AT_KEYEXCHANGE, &hKeyPair) && hKeyPair)
			{
				CryptDestroyKey(hKeyPair);
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	if (!hProv)
	{
		printf("Not found keyset!\n");
		goto END;
	}

	// 获取公钥数据长度
	dwErr = ExportPubKey(hProv, AT_KEYEXCHANGE, NULL, &dwPubKeyLen);
	if (0 != dwErr)
	{
		printf("ExportPubKey() failed! dwErr = 0x%x\n", dwErr);
		goto END;
	}
	
	// 获取公钥数据
	lpbtPubKey = new BYTE[dwPubKeyLen];
	dwErr = ExportPubKey(hProv, AT_KEYEXCHANGE, lpbtPubKey, &dwPubKeyLen);
	if (0 != dwErr)
	{
		printf("ExportPubKey() failed! dwErr = 0x%x\n", dwErr);
		goto END;
	}

	// 输出公钥数据
	printf("\nRSA public key:\n");
	PrintDataInHex(lpbtPubKey, dwPubKeyLen);

	// 获取公钥模数据，并换成小端模式
	pBlobHeader = (BLOBHEADER*)lpbtPubKey;
	pRSAPubKey = (RSAPUBKEY*)(lpbtPubKey + sizeof(BLOBHEADER));
	dwModulusLen = pRSAPubKey->bitlen / 8;
	lpbtModulus = new BYTE[dwModulusLen];
	memcpy(lpbtModulus, lpbtPubKey + sizeof(BLOBHEADER) + sizeof(RSAPUBKEY), dwModulusLen);
	Reverse(lpbtModulus, dwModulusLen);
	printf("\nRSA public key modulus:\n");
	PrintDataInHex(lpbtModulus, dwModulusLen);

	// 获取公钥指数数据
	memcpy(btPubexp, &pRSAPubKey->pubexp, 4);
	printf("\nRSA public key exp:\n");
	PrintDataInHex(btPubexp, 4);

END:
	if (lpbtModulus)
	{
		delete []lpbtModulus;
		lpbtModulus = NULL;
	}
	if (lpbtPubKey)
	{
		delete []lpbtPubKey;
		lpbtPubKey = NULL;
	}
	if (hDefaultProv)
	{
		CryptReleaseContext(hDefaultProv, 0);
		hDefaultProv = NULL;
	}
	if (hProv)
	{
		CryptReleaseContext(hProv, 0);
		hProv = NULL;
	}
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

DWORD ExportPubKey(HCRYPTPROV hProv, DWORD dwKeyUsage, LPBYTE lpbtPubKey, LPDWORD lpdwLen)
{
	DWORD dwError = 0;
	DWORD dwDataLen = 0;
	HCRYPTKEY hKeyPair = NULL;

	if (!hProv || !lpdwLen)
	{
		return 1;
	}

	//	获取密钥对句柄
	if (!CryptGetUserKey(hProv, dwKeyUsage, &hKeyPair) || !hKeyPair)
	{
		dwError = GetLastError();
		return dwError;
	}

	//	导出密钥对中的公钥数据长度
	if (!CryptExportKey(hKeyPair, 0, PUBLICKEYBLOB, 0, NULL, &dwDataLen))
	{
		dwError = GetLastError();
		goto FREE_MEMORY;
	}

	//	返回数据长度
	if (!lpbtPubKey)
	{
		dwError = 0;
		*lpdwLen = dwDataLen;
		goto FREE_MEMORY;
	}
	
	//	导出密钥对中的公钥数据
	if (!CryptExportKey(hKeyPair, 0, PUBLICKEYBLOB, 0, lpbtPubKey, &dwDataLen))
	{
		dwError = GetLastError();
		goto FREE_MEMORY;
	}
	*lpdwLen = dwDataLen;

FREE_MEMORY:
	if (hKeyPair)
	{
		CryptDestroyKey(hKeyPair);
		hKeyPair = NULL;
	}

	return dwError;
}

void Reverse(LPBYTE lpData, DWORD dwLen)
{
	BYTE temp = 0;
	for (ULONG i = 0; i < dwLen / 2; i++)
	{
		temp = lpData[i];
		lpData[i] = lpData[dwLen - (i + 1)];
		lpData[dwLen - ( i + 1)] = temp;
	}
}

void PrintDataInHex(LPBYTE lpData, DWORD dwLen)
{
	for (DWORD dwIndex = 0; dwIndex < dwLen; dwIndex++)
	{
		printf("%02X ", lpData[dwIndex]);
		if ((dwIndex + 1) % 16 == 0)
		{
			printf("\n");
		}
	}
}

程序输入结果如下：

下一步，需要把C++得到的模和指数数据，按16进制的字符串形式组织好，然后构造成RSA公钥对象。具体代码如下：

/**
 * Created by Singler on 2015/10/12.
 * RSA加解密实现类
 *
 */
public class RSA {
    /** 算法 */
    private static String ALGORITHM = "RSA";
    /** RSA bits */
    private static int KEYSIZE = 1024;

    /** 由模和指数构造公钥对象，模和指数由16进制字符串表示 */
    public static RSAPublicKey CreatePublicKeyFromModulus(String modulusIn16Radix, String exponentIn16Radix) throws Exception {
        BigInteger m = new BigInteger(modulusIn16Radix, 16);
        BigInteger e = new BigInteger(exponentIn16Radix, 16);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
        RSAPublicKeySpec keySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(m, e);
        RSAPublicKey  rsaPubKey = (RSAPublicKey)keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
        return rsaPubKey;
    }
}


public class Main {
    static final String pubKeyModulusInHex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
    static final String pubKeyExpInHex = "01000100";

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        try {
            PublicKey pubKey = RSA.CreatePublicKeyFromModulus(pubKeyModulusInHex, pubKeyExpInHex);
            byte[] pubKeyData = pubKey.getEncoded();
            String pubKeyStr = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(pubKeyData); //Convert.bytesToHexString(pubKeyData);
            System.out.println(pubKeyStr);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
	}
}

该段Java代码输入的X509 Encoded公钥数据如下：

MIIBIzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCARAAMIIBCwKCAQEAw+D4pTERUemPtGIsterieWoTbRTNHgZ0DN9Z4qfrS03eWP339/JBkGyKwlBykCzYDt8L0YMW/1Xg1appYGvfo4mnVvxzIbc1tuanH1Z+wnXbrHqgW5ndlMjZ328mDyDIRHPmzA8FMYSvPGJtnrv4H9Tc+CeKrmiWskbzxBg4T/MUxYsk/+WWg6y5dUU61rwr19HyBZKq93xH8IOctgeRxsf6oItQJ1y1Nd55XVEul2Lh5KtTZzZMWAwreIq/EhZJH0XdbOeHhy78/fMmQtkKpJqLpRMTas1ZBWmVnqHxgBQcvheOu6cNGJYbadisJDk7Yo6MW3M7kRbybeU7C9yf7QIEAQABAA==