Java库源码之Java.lang.Integer类方法-parseInt(String s)分析

在介绍parseInt(String s)方法之前，首先进行一个基本的字符串到整型的转换：

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class TestDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

		String str="2147483647";
		Pattern pattern=Pattern.compile("(^[+|-])?\\d+");//用正则表达式判断是否输入符合规范
		Matcher match=pattern.matcher(str);
		if(match.matches()){
			int a=Integer.parseInt(str);
			System.out.println("a="+a);
		}else{
			System.out.println("输入有误!");
		}
	}
}

接下来分析parseInt()，其源码如下：

 public static int parseInt(String s) throws NumberFormatException {
        return parseInt(s,10);
    }

public static int parseInt(String s, int radix)
        throws NumberFormatException
{
/*
 * WARNING: This method may be invoked early during VM initialization
 * before IntegerCache is initialized. Care must be taken to not use
 * the valueOf method.
 */

if (s == null) {
    throw new NumberFormatException("null");
}
 /*******<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Character.MIN_RADIX=2，</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Character.MAX_RADIX=36</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">******/         </span>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">                 /**********对基数进行判断，如果radix不在范围[2,36]内，则抛出异常**********/</span>
if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX) {
    throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix +
                                    " less than Character.MIN_RADIX");
}

if (radix > Character.MAX_RADIX) {
    throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix +
                                    " greater than Character.MAX_RADIX");
}

int result = 0;
boolean negative = false;//判断正负数的标志位
int i = 0, len = s.length();//i作为指针，记录str中的字符
int limit = -Integer.MAX_VALUE;//（-2147483647）
int multmin;
int digit;

if (len > 0) {
    char firstChar = s.charAt(0);
    if (firstChar < '0') { // Possible leading "+" or "-" 判断字符串首位是否有符号位，‘-’的ASCII码为45，‘+’为43，‘0’为48
        if (firstChar == '-') {
            negative = true;//标志位表示负数
            limit = Integer.MIN_VALUE;//如果字符串的首位字符为‘-’，此时str所能表示的最小数为-2147483648，则limit替换为-2147483648

        } else if (firstChar != '+')
            throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);

        if (len == 1) // Cannot have lone "+" or "-"
            throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
        i++;
    }
    multmin = limit / radix;//multmin=-214748364
    while (i < len) {
        // Accumulating negatively avoids surprises near MAX_VALUE
        digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++),radix);//该函数将单个字符型数字转化为整型
        if (digit < 0) {
            throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
        }
        if (result < multmin) {//即result小于214748364，则与基数radix=10相乘后大于Integer所能表示的最大范围

            throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
        }
        result *= radix;      
        //即result小于-2147483647+digit(firstChar=='-',时limit=-2147483648)
    /**满足上述条件则进行result-=digit;操作，否则超越Integer表示范围，抛出NumberFormatException异常**/
   if (result < limit + digit) {
throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s); } 
  result -= digit; } 
  } 
else { throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s); } return negative ? result : -result;
 }

parseInt("0", 10) returns 0
     * parseInt("473", 10) returns 473
     * parseInt("+42", 10) returns 42
     * parseInt("-0", 10) returns 0
     * parseInt("-FF", 16) returns -255
     * parseInt("1100110", 2) returns 102
     * parseInt("2147483647", 10) returns 2147483647
     * parseInt("-2147483648", 10) returns -2147483648
     * parseInt("2147483648", 10) throws a NumberFormatException
     * parseInt("99", 8) throws a NumberFormatException
     * parseInt("Kona", 10) throws a NumberFormatException
     * parseInt("Kona", 27) returns 411787