pyhotn3入门基础-10 列表生成式

list(range(1,11))

>>> list(range(1, 11))
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

生成 [1x1, 2x2, 3x3, ..., 10x10]

>>> [x * x for x in range(1,11)]
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]

for循环后的判断

>>> [x * x for x in range(1,11) if x % 2 == 0]
[4, 16, 36, 64, 100]

用for双重循环 for for

>>> [m + n for m in 'ABC' for n in 'abc']
['Aa', 'Ab', 'Ac', 'Ba', 'Bb', 'Bc', 'Ca', 'Cb', 'Cc']

列出当前目录下的所有文件和目录名

>>> import os
>>> [d for d in os.listdir('.')]
['DLLs', 'Doc', 'include', 'Lib', 'libs', 'LICENSE.txt', 'NEWS.txt', 'python.exe', 'python3.dll', 'python35.dll', 'pythonw.exe', 'README.txt', 'Scripts', 'tcl', 'Tools', 'vcruntime140.dll']

for循环可以同时有２个以上的变量，如dict的items()可以同时迭代key和value

>>> d = {'key1':'a', 'key2': 'b', 'key3': 'cc'}
>>> for k , v in d.items():
	print(k, '=', v)

	
key2 = b
key1 = a
key3 = cc

>>> [k + '=' + v for k, v in d.items()]
['key2=b', 'key1=a', 'key3=cc']

把大写字母变成小写字母

>>> L = ['Hello', 'World', 'IBM', 'Apple']
>>> [s.lower() for s in L]
['hello', 'world', 'ibm', 'apple']

判断是否是字符

>>> x = 123
>>> isinstance(x,str)
False