redis-cli 命令详解

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-09 17:44:59 发布

YZF_Kevin

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-09 17:44:59 发布

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文章标签： redis-cli命令

原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/hylazphp/p/10153481.html

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本文详细介绍了Redis命令行工具redis-cli的使用，包括连接参数、数据库选择、命令执行等，并通过实例展示了如何设置键值、获取数据、切换数据库、导出RDB文件、统计服务器状态和查找大键、热键。此外，还提到了redis-cli在集群模式下的用法以及一些高级功能，如延时统计和lua脚本执行。

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redis-cli命令使用

命令使用

redis-cli [OPTIONS] [cmd [arg [arg ...]]]

选项说明

  -h <hostname>      Server hostname (default: 127.0.0.1). ip地址
  -p <port>          Server port (default: 6379).　服务器端口号
  -s <socket>        Server socket (overrides hostname and port).
  -a <password>      Password to use when connecting to the server.　密码
  -u <uri>           Server URI.　url格式的地址
  -r <repeat>        Execute specified command N times.
  -i <interval>      When -r is used, waits <interval> seconds per command.
                     It is possible to specify sub-second times like -i 0.1.
  -n <db>            Database number.　指定数据库
  -x                 Read last argument from STDIN.
  -d <delimiter>     Multi-bulk delimiter in for raw formatting (default: \n).
  -c                 Enable cluster mode (follow -ASK and -MOVED redirections).
  --raw              Use raw formatting for replies (default when STDOUT is
                     not a tty).
  --no-raw           Force formatted output even when STDOUT is not a tty.
  --csv              Output in CSV format.
  --stat             Print rolling stats about server: mem, clients, ...　统计数据　连续输出
  --latency          Enter a special mode continuously sampling latency.
                     If you use this mode in an interactive session it runs
                     forever displaying real-time stats. Otherwise if --raw or
                     --csv is specified, or if you redirect the output to a non
                     TTY, it samples the latency for 1 second (you can use
                     -i to change the interval), then produces a single output
                     and exits.　延时统计
  --latency-history  Like --latency but tracking latency changes over time.
                     Default time interval is 15 sec. Change it using -i.
  --latency-dist     Shows latency as a spectrum, requires xterm 256 colors.
                     Default time interval is 1 sec. Change it using -i.
  --lru-test <keys>  Simulate a cache workload with an 80-20 distribution.
  --replica          Simulate a replica showing commands received from the master.
  --rdb <filename>   Transfer an RDB dump from remote server to local file. 导出rdb文件
  --pipe             Transfer raw Redis protocol from stdin to server.
  管道模式
  --pipe-timeout <n> In --pipe mode, abort with error if after sending all data.
                     no reply is received within <n> seconds.
                     Default timeout: 30. Use 0 to wait forever.
                     管道超时
  --bigkeys          Sample Redis keys looking for big keys.
  --hotkeys          Sample Redis keys looking for hot keys.
                     only works when maxmemory-policy is *lfu.
  --scan             List all keys using the SCAN command.获取服务器所有的键
  --pattern <pat>    Useful with --scan to specify a SCAN pattern.
  正则表达式　用于scan命令中
  --intrinsic-latency <sec> Run a test to measure intrinsic system latency.
                     The test will run for the specified amount of seconds.
  --eval <file>      Send an EVAL command using the Lua script at <file>.
  --ldb              Used with --eval enable the Redis Lua debugger.
  --ldb-sync-mode    Like --ldb but uses the synchronous Lua debugger, in
                     this mode the server is blocked and script changes are
                     not rolled back from the server memory.
  --cluster <command> [args...] [opts...]
                     Cluster Manager command and arguments (see below).
  --verbose          Verbose mode.
  --no-auth-warning  Don't show warning message when using password on command
                     line interface.

注意：

-u选项中url格式参考文档https://www.iana.org/assignments/uri-schemes/prov/redis　格式为：redis://user:secret@localhost:6379/0?foo=bar&qux=baz

举例：

例子１：

root@hylaz:~# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> set name hylaz
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> quit
root@hylaz:~# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1
127.0.0.1:6379> get name
"hylaz"
127.0.0.1:6379> quit
root@hylaz:~# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379
127.0.0.1:6379> set age 20
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get age
"20"
127.0.0.1:6379> quit
root@hylaz:~# redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 -n 2
127.0.0.1:6379[2]> get age
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379[2]> set age 23
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[2]> get age
"23"
127.0.0.1:6379[2]> quit

例子２：

server中统计选项

root@hylaz:~# redis-cli --stat
------- data ------ --------------------- load -------------------- - child -
keys       mem      clients blocked requests            connections          
11         835.52K  1       0       12 (+0)             5           
11         835.52K  1       0       13 (+1)             5         
11         835.52K  1       0       14 (+1)             5           
11         835.52K  1       0       15 (+1)             5

列表中选项说明：

选项	含义
keys	server中key的数量
mem	键值对的总内存量
clients	当前连接的总clients数量
blocked	当前阻塞的客户端数量
requests	服务器请求总次数 (+1) 截止上次请求增加次数
connections	服务器连接次数

使用info命令获取服务器的信息

例子３：

导入rdb文件　命令：redis-cli --rdb rdb.log

root@hylaz:~# redis-cli --rdb rdb.log
SYNC sent to master, writing 344 bytes to 'rdb.log'
Transfer finished with success.

该命令选项实现：

向server发送SYNC命令，返回需要写的总字节数
从server读取总字节数据写到指定文件中

例子４：

找出各种数据类型的最大键值对　命令：redis-cli --big-keys

root@hylaz:~# redis-cli --bigkeys

# Scanning the entire keyspace to find biggest keys as well as
# average sizes per key type.  You can use -i 0.1 to sleep 0.1 sec
# per 100 SCAN commands (not usually needed).

[00.00%] Biggest string found so far 'name1' with 5 bytes
[00.00%] Biggest set    found so far 'myset' with 1 members
[00.00%] Biggest string found so far 'key' with 6 bytes

-------- summary -------

Sampled 13 keys in the keyspace!
Total key length in bytes is 52 (avg len 4.00)

Biggest string found 'key' has 6 bytes
Biggest    set found 'myset' has 1 members

12 strings with 33 bytes (92.31% of keys, avg size 2.75)
0 lists with 0 items (00.00% of keys, avg size 0.00)
1 sets with 1 members (07.69% of keys, avg size 1.00)
0 hashs with 0 fields (00.00% of keys, avg size 0.00)
0 zsets with 0 members (00.00% of keys, avg size 0.00)
0 streams with 0 entries (00.00% of keys, avg size 0.00)

该选项实现：通过使用scan命令遍历server中的键值对，针对不同数据类型进行统计，

例子５：

找出server中热点key 命令：redis-cli --hotkeys

# Scanning the entire keyspace to find hot keys as well as
# average sizes per key type.  You can use -i 0.1 to sleep 0.1 sec
# per 100 SCAN commands (not usually needed).

[00.00%] Hot key 'dd' found so far with counter 4
[00.00%] Hot key 'myset' found so far with counter 5
[00.00%] Hot key 'a' found so far with counter 5
[00.00%] Hot key 'dds' found so far with counter 4
[71.43%] Hot key 'aa' found so far with counter 4
[71.43%] Hot key 'key' found so far with counter 4

-------- summary -------

Sampled 14 keys in the keyspace!
hot key found with counter: 5	keyname: myset
hot key found with counter: 5	keyname: a
hot key found with counter: 4	keyname: dd
hot key found with counter: 4	keyname: dds
hot key found with counter: 4	keyname: aa
hot key found with counter: 4	keyname: key

选项实现：

redis实现8种缓存淘汰策略：

voltile-lru：从已设置过期时间的数据集（server.db[i].expires）中挑选最近最少使用的数据淘汰

volatile-ttl：从已设置过期时间的数据集（server.db[i].expires）中挑选将要过期的数据淘汰

volatile-random：从已设置过期时间的数据集（server.db[i].expires）中任意选择数据淘汰

volatile-lfu: 从已设置过期时间的数据集驱逐使用频率最少的键

allkeys-lru:从数据集（server.db[i].dict）中挑选最近最少使用的数据淘汰

allkeys-lfu: 从所有键中驱逐使用频率最少的键

allkeys-random：从数据集（server.db[i].dict）中任意选择数据淘汰

no-enviction（驱逐）：禁止驱逐数据当内存不足以容纳新写入数据时，新写入操作会报错

需要设置淘汰策略为lru或者lfu

２．命令实现使用scan命令遍历所有的键值对，针对每个键值对使用OBJECT freq 获取该键值对的信息