列表推导式(list comprehension)简介
所谓list comprehension,就是一种很方便的遍历方式。而且除了方便之外,速度通常也会比for循环高出许多。
简单示例1:
#按行遍历一个文件,大写后输出 print [line.rstrip() for line in open('test.txt')] #using if #在list comprehension中使用if判断 print [line.rstrip() for line in open('test.txt') if line[0]=='n']
简单示例2:
testList = [1,2,3,4] def mul2(x): print x*2 [mul2(i) for i in testList] #add some if logic #仍然是添加if判断 print '-----if logic:' [mul2(i) for i in testList if i%2==0]
list comprehension替代嵌套循环
常规的嵌套循:
#nested loop for x in [1,2,3]: for y in [1,2,3]: z = x*y print str(x)+'*'+str(y)+' is: '+str(z)
使用list comprehension代替以上代码:
print [x*y for x in [1,2,3] for y in [1,2,3]]