7.18 Linux内核的面向对象思想:继承(下)
什么是接口?
一个类支持的行为、方法
对象封装后,留出来供别的对象使用的接口
接口的作用
对象之间的通信:通过接口交互
不需要关注内部的实现,当实现改变、不影响接口的使用
汽车:方向盘、油门、刹车、换挡
接口与抽象类比较
相同点
都不能实例化为对象
都是为了实现多态
不同点
接口是一些方法的封装,不允许有数据成员
抽象类被子类继承、接口要被类实现
rtl8150 usb网卡驱动分析
static struct usb_driver rtl8150_driver = {
.name = driver_name,
.probe = rtl8150_probe, //init
.disconnect = rtl8150_disconnect,
.id_table = rtl8150_table, //支持的设备id
.suspend = rtl8150_suspend,
.resume = rtl8150_resume,
.disable_hub_initiated_lpm = 1,
};
module_usb_driver(rtl8150_driver);
把驱动注册到usb总线上
rtl8150_probe 负责初始化驱动
内嵌了8150的结构体指针
static int rtl8150_probe(struct usb_interface *intf,
const struct usb_device_id *id)
{
struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(intf);
//申请一个usb device
rtl8150_t *dev; //内嵌了8150的结构体指针
struct net_device *netdev;
netdev = alloc_etherdev(sizeof(rtl8150_t));
//申请一个网卡设备
if (!netdev)
return -ENOMEM;
dev = netdev_priv(netdev);
dev->intr_buff = kmalloc(INTBUFSIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!dev->intr_buff) {
free_netdev(netdev);
return -ENOMEM;
}
tasklet_init(&dev->tl, rx_fixup, (unsigned long)dev);
spin_lock_init(&dev->rx_pool_lock);
dev->udev = udev; //usb device 加载到8150 device
dev->netdev = netdev; //net device 加载到8150 device
netdev->netdev_ops = &rtl8150_netdev_ops;
//封装了一个netdev_ops的接口
netdev->watchdog_timeo = RTL8150_TX_TIMEOUT;
netdev->ethtool_ops = &ops;
dev->intr_interval = 100; /* 100ms */
if (!alloc_all_urbs(dev)) {
dev_err(&intf->dev, "out of memory\n");
goto out;
}
if (!rtl8150_reset(dev)) {
dev_err(&intf->dev, "couldn't reset the device\n");
goto out1;
}
fill_skb_pool(dev);
set_ethernet_addr(dev);
usb_set_intfdata(intf, dev);
SET_NETDEV_DEV(netdev, &intf->dev);
if (register_netdev(netdev) != 0) {//注册net device 到linux内核
dev_err(&intf->dev, "couldn't register the device\n");
goto out2;
}
dev_info(&intf->dev, "%s: rtl8150 is detected\n", netdev->name);
return 0;
out2:
usb_set_intfdata(intf, NULL);
free_skb_pool(dev);
out1:
free_all_urbs(dev);
out:
kfree(dev->intr_buff);
free_netdev(netdev);
return -EIO;
}
rtl8150 结构体
内嵌usb_device和net_device指针
struct rtl8150 {
unsigned long flags;
struct usb_device *udev; //内嵌usb_device指针
struct tasklet_struct tl;
struct net_device *netdev; //内嵌net_device指针
struct urb *rx_urb, *tx_urb, *intr_urb;
struct sk_buff *tx_skb, *rx_skb;
struct sk_buff *rx_skb_pool[RX_SKB_POOL_SIZE];
spinlock_t rx_pool_lock;
struct usb_ctrlrequest dr;
int intr_interval;
u8 *intr_buff;
u8 phy;
};
typedef struct rtl8150 rtl8150_t;
register_netdev
int register_netdev(struct net_device *dev)
{
int err;
rtnl_lock();
err = register_netdevice(dev);
rtnl_unlock();
return err;
}
register_netdevice
调到netdev_register_kobject
int register_netdevice(struct net_device *dev)
{
int ret;
struct net *net = dev_net(dev);
BUG_ON(dev_boot_phase);
ASSERT_RTNL();
might_sleep();
/* When net_device's are persistent, this will be fatal. */
BUG_ON(dev->reg_state != NETREG_UNINITIALIZED);
BUG_ON(!net);
spin_lock_init(&dev->addr_list_lock);
netdev_set_addr_lockdep_class(dev);
ret = dev_get_valid_name(net, dev, dev->name);
if (ret < 0)
goto out;
/* Init, if this function is available */
if (dev->netdev_ops->ndo_init) {
ret = dev->netdev_ops->ndo_init(dev);
if (ret) {
if (ret > 0)
ret = -EIO;
goto out;
}
}
if (((dev->hw_features | dev->features) &
NETIF_F_HW_VLAN_CTAG_FILTER) &&
(!dev->netdev_ops->ndo_vlan_rx_add_vid ||
!dev->netdev_ops->ndo_vlan_rx_kill_vid)) {
netdev_WARN(dev, "Buggy VLAN acceleration in driver!\n");
ret = -EINVAL;
goto err_uninit;
}
ret = -EBUSY;
if (!dev->ifindex)
dev->ifindex = dev_new_index(net);
else if (__dev_get_by_index(net, dev->ifindex))
goto err_uninit;
/* Transfer changeable features to wanted_features and enable
* software offloads (GSO and GRO).
*/
dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_SOFT_FEATURES;
dev->features |= NETIF_F_SOFT_FEATURES;
dev->wanted_features = dev->features & dev->hw_features;
if (!(dev->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)) {
dev->hw_features |= NETIF_F_NOCACHE_COPY;
}
/* Make NETIF_F_HIGHDMA inheritable to VLAN devices.
*/
dev->vlan_features |= NETIF_F_HIGHDMA;
/* Make NETIF_F_SG inheritable to tunnel devices.
*/
dev->hw_enc_features |= NETIF_F_SG;
/* Make NETIF_F_SG inheritable to MPLS.
*/
dev->mpls_features |= NETIF_F_SG;
ret = call_netdevice_notifiers(NETDEV_POST_INIT, dev);
ret = notifier_to_errno(ret);
if (ret)
goto err_uninit;
ret = netdev_register_kobject(dev);
//kobject 设备树
if (ret)
goto err_uninit;
dev->reg_state = NETREG_REGISTERED;
__netdev_update_features(dev);
/*
* Default initial state at registry is that the
* device is present.
*/
set_bit(__LINK_STATE_PRESENT, &dev->state);
linkwatch_init_dev(dev);
dev_init_scheduler(dev);
dev_hold(dev);
list_netdevice(dev);
add_device_randomness(dev->dev_addr, dev->addr_len);
/* If the device has permanent device address, driver should
* set dev_addr and also addr_assign_type should be set to
* NET_ADDR_PERM (default value).
*/
if (dev->addr_assign_type == NET_ADDR_PERM)
memcpy(dev->perm_addr, dev->dev_addr, dev->addr_len);
/* Notify protocols, that a new device appeared. */
ret = call_netdevice_notifiers(NETDEV_REGISTER, dev);
ret = notifier_to_errno(ret);
if (ret) {
rollback_registered(dev);
rcu_barrier();
dev->reg_state = NETREG_UNREGISTERED;
/* We should put the kobject that hold in
* netdev_unregister_kobject(), otherwise
* the net device cannot be freed when
* driver calls free_netdev(), because the
* kobject is being hold.
*/
kobject_put(&dev->dev.kobj);
}
/*
* Prevent userspace races by waiting until the network
* device is fully setup before sending notifications.
*/
if (!dev->rtnl_link_ops ||
dev->rtnl_link_state == RTNL_LINK_INITIALIZED)
rtmsg_ifinfo(RTM_NEWLINK, dev, ~0U, GFP_KERNEL);
out:
return ret;
err_uninit:
if (dev->netdev_ops->ndo_uninit)
dev->netdev_ops->ndo_uninit(dev);
goto out;
}
netdev_register_kobject
调用device add 注册设备
/* Create sysfs entries for network device. */
int netdev_register_kobject(struct net_device *ndev)
{
struct device *dev = &(ndev->dev);
const struct attribute_group **groups = ndev->sysfs_groups;
int error = 0;
device_initialize(dev);
dev->class = &net_class;
dev->platform_data = ndev;
dev->groups = groups;
dev_set_name(dev, "%s", ndev->name);
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
/* Allow for a device specific group */
if (*groups)
groups++;
*groups++ = &netstat_group;
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_WIRELESS_EXT) || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CFG80211)
if (ndev->ieee80211_ptr)
*groups++ = &wireless_group;
#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_WIRELESS_EXT)
else if (ndev->wireless_handlers)
*groups++ = &wireless_group;
#endif
#endif
#endif /* CONFIG_SYSFS */
error = device_add(dev);
if (error)
return error;
error = register_queue_kobjects(ndev);
if (error) {
device_del(dev);
return error;
}
pm_runtime_set_memalloc_noio(dev, true);
return error;
}
device_add
调用kobject_add注册到树
int device_add(struct device *dev)
{
struct device *parent = NULL;
struct kobject *kobj;
struct class_interface *class_intf;
int error = -EINVAL;
struct kobject *glue_dir = NULL;
dev = get_device(dev);
if (!dev)
goto done;
if (!dev->p) {
error = device_private_init(dev);
if (error)
goto done;
}
/*
* for statically allocated devices, which should all be converted
* some day, we need to initialize the name. We prevent reading back
* the name, and force the use of dev_name()
*/
if (dev->init_name) {
dev_set_name(dev, "%s", dev->init_name);
dev->init_name = NULL;
}
/* subsystems can specify simple device enumeration */
if (!dev_name(dev) && dev->bus && dev->bus->dev_name)
dev_set_name(dev, "%s%u", dev->bus->dev_name, dev->id);
if (!dev_name(dev)) {
error = -EINVAL;
goto name_error;
}
pr_debug("device: '%s': %s\n", dev_name(dev), __func__);
parent = get_device(dev->parent);
kobj = get_device_parent(dev, parent);
if (IS_ERR(kobj)) {
error = PTR_ERR(kobj);
goto parent_error;
}
if (kobj)
dev->kobj.parent = kobj;
/* use parent numa_node */
if (parent && (dev_to_node(dev) == NUMA_NO_NODE))
set_dev_node(dev, dev_to_node(parent));
/* first, register with generic layer. */
/* we require the name to be set before, and pass NULL */
error = kobject_add(&dev->kobj, dev->kobj.parent, NULL);
if (error) {
glue_dir = get_glue_dir(dev);
goto Error;
}
/* notify platform of device entry */
if (platform_notify)
platform_notify(dev);
error = device_create_file(dev, &dev_attr_uevent);
if (error)
goto attrError;
error = device_add_class_symlinks(dev);
if (error)
goto SymlinkError;
error = device_add_attrs(dev);
if (error)
goto AttrsError;
error = bus_add_device(dev);
if (error)
goto BusError;
error = dpm_sysfs_add(dev);
if (error)
goto DPMError;
device_pm_add(dev);
if (MAJOR(dev->devt)) {
error = device_create_file(dev, &dev_attr_dev);
if (error)
goto DevAttrError;
error = device_create_sys_dev_entry(dev);
if (error)
goto SysEntryError;
devtmpfs_create_node(dev);
}
/* Notify clients of device addition. This call must come
* after dpm_sysfs_add() and before kobject_uevent().
*/
if (dev->bus)
blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
BUS_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE, dev);
kobject_uevent(&dev->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
bus_probe_device(dev);
if (parent)
klist_add_tail(&dev->p->knode_parent,
&parent->p->klist_children);
if (dev->class) {
mutex_lock(&dev->class->p->mutex);
/* tie the class to the device */
klist_add_tail(&dev->knode_class,
&dev->class->p->klist_devices);
/* notify any interfaces that the device is here */
list_for_each_entry(class_intf,
&dev->class->p->interfaces, node)
if (class_intf->add_dev)
class_intf->add_dev(dev, class_intf);
mutex_unlock(&dev->class->p->mutex);
}
done:
put_device(dev);
return error;
SysEntryError:
if (MAJOR(dev->devt))
device_remove_file(dev, &dev_attr_dev);
DevAttrError:
device_pm_remove(dev);
dpm_sysfs_remove(dev);
DPMError:
bus_remove_device(dev);
BusError:
device_remove_attrs(dev);
AttrsError:
device_remove_class_symlinks(dev);
SymlinkError:
device_remove_file(dev, &dev_attr_uevent);
attrError:
kobject_uevent(&dev->kobj, KOBJ_REMOVE);
glue_dir = get_glue_dir(dev);
kobject_del(&dev->kobj);
Error:
cleanup_glue_dir(dev, glue_dir);
parent_error:
put_device(parent);
name_error:
kfree(dev->p);
dev->p = NULL;
goto done;
}