mysql安装；数据库和表的配置

mysql的安装，yum安装

关闭CentOS8中MYSQL默认的mysql仓库

[root@localhost ~]# dnf remove @mysql  
CentOS Stream 8 - AppStream                           4.5 MB/s | 6.7 MB     00:01    
CentOS Stream 8 - BaseOS                              1.6 MB/s | 2.3 MB     00:01    
CentOS Stream 8 - Extras                               13 kB/s | 9.3 kB     00:00    
无法匹配参数 mysql 中的配置档案
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕！

[root@localhost ~]# dnf module reset mysql && sudo dnf module disable mysql

需要更改配置文件

[root@localhost ~]#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo


[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/8/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/8/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/8/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

配置完成之后就开始安装mysql5.7的版本

[root@localhost ~]#  dnf --enablerepo=mysql57-community install mysql-community-server


已安装:
  mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                          
  mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                          
  mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                            
  mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                          
  ncurses-compat-libs-6.1-7.20180224.el8.x86_64                                       

安装完后之后就需要开启服务

获取初始密码
用于后面的配置，修改密码等

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld.service
[root@localhost ~]# grep 'A temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log |tail -1
2021-04-28T10:49:46.398090Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: hVSQha8jHZ+N
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation
[root@localhost ~]# sudo mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: 

The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 
The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the plugin.
Using existing password for root.

Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : yes

New password: 

Re-enter new password: 

Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : yes
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : yes
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : no     //要不要禁用root远程连接   

 ... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : yes
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : yes
Success.

All done! 

看到这个all done！就表明配置好了，选项也弄好了

数据库的操作

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -pZHANGde12+Jun
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.34 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;    //查看数据库
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> CREATE DATABASE zdj;  //创建一个zdj数据库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;   
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| zdj                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use zdj   //进入zdj数据库
Database changed

mysql> CREATE TABLE lang(id int not null,name varchar(50) null,age tinyint);   //创建了一个名为lang的表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show tables;   
+---------------+
| Tables_in_zdj |
+---------------+
| lang          |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

删除数据库和表

mysql> DROP TABLE lang;  //删除lang这个表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)



mysql> show databases;   //查看数据库有zdj这个数据库
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| zdj                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop databases zdj;   //删除zdj这个数据库
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'databases zdj' at line 1
mysql> drop database zdj;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;  /再查看，没有zdj这个数据库了
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)