目录
一、基本概念
1.达到平衡时要求
- 每棵子树的大小,不小于其兄弟的子树大小
- 既每棵叔叔树的大小,不小于其任何侄子树的大小
2.不同类型的判断标准
假设当前节点为X。
LL: X.left.left > X.right
LR: X.left.right > X.right
RR: X.right.right> X.left
RL: X.right.left> X.left
二、代码实现
//左神上课代码
public class SizeBalancedTreeMapClass {
public static class SBTNode<K extends Comparable<K>, V> {
public K key;
public V value;
public SBTNode<K, V> l;
public SBTNode<K, V> r;
public int size; // 不同的key的数量
public SBTNode(K key, V value) {
this.key = key;
this.value = value;
size = 1;
}
}
public static class SizeBalancedTreeMap<K extends Comparable<K>, V> {
private SBTNode<K, V> root;
private SBTNode<K, V> rightRotate(SBTNode<K, V> cur) {
SBTNode<K, V> leftNode = cur.l;
cur.l = leftNode.r;
leftNode.r = cur;
leftNode.size = cur.size;
cur.size = (cur.l != null ? cur.l.size : 0) +
(cur.r != null ? cur.r.size : 0) + 1;
return leftNode;
}
private SBTNode<K, V> leftRotate(SBTNode<K, V> cur) {
SBTNode<K, V> rightNode = cur.r;
cur.r = rightNode.l;
rightNode.l = cur;
rightNode.size = cur.size;
cur.size = (cur.l != null ? cur.l.size : 0) +
(cur.r != null ? cur.r.size : 0) + 1;
return rightNode;
}
private SBTNode<K, V> maintain(SBTNode<K, V> cur) {
if (cur == null) {
return null;
}
int leftSize = cur.l != null ? cur.l.size : 0;
int leftLeftSize = cur.l != null &&
cur.l.l != null ? cur.l.l.size : 0;
int leftRightSize = cur.l != null &&
cur.l.r != null ? cur.l.r.size : 0;
int rightSize = cur.r != null ? cur.r.size : 0;
int rightLeftSize = cur.r != null &&
cur.r.l != null ? cur.r.l.size : 0;
int rightRightSize = cur.r != null &&
cur.r.r != null ? cur.r.r.size : 0;
if (leftLeftSize > rightSize) {
cur = rightRotate(cur);
cur.r = maintain(cur.r);
cur = maintain(cur);
} else if (leftRightSize > rightSize) {
cur.l = leftRotate(cur.l);
cur = rightRotate(cur);
cur.l = maintain(cur.l);
cur.r = maintain(cur.r);
cur = maintain(cur);
} else if (rightRightSize > leftSize) {
cur = leftRotate(cur);
cur.l = maintain(cur.l);
cur = maintain(cur);
} else if (rightLeftSize > leftSize) {
cur.r = rightRotate(cur.r);
cur = leftRotate(cur);
cur.l = maintain(cur.l);
cur.r = maintain(cur.r);
cur = maintain(cur);
}
return cur;
}
private SBTNode<K, V> findLastIndex(K key) {
SBTNode<K, V> pre = root;
SBTNode<K, V> cur = root;
while (cur != null) {
pre = cur;
if (key.compareTo(cur.key) == 0) {
break;
} else if (key.compareTo(cur.key) < 0) {
cur = cur.l;
} else {
cur = cur.r;
}
}
return pre;
}
private SBTNode<K, V> findLastNoSmallIndex(K key) {
SBTNode<K, V> ans = null;
SBTNode<K, V> cur = root;
while (cur != null) {
if (key.compareTo(cur.key) == 0) {
ans = cur;
break;
} else if (key.compareTo(cur.key) < 0) {
ans = cur;
cur = cur.l;
} else {
cur = cur.r;
}
}
return ans;
}
private SBTNode<K, V> findLastNoBigIndex(K key) {
SBTNode<K, V> ans = null;
SBTNode<K, V> cur = root;
while (cur != null) {
if (key.compareTo(cur.key) == 0) {
ans = cur;
break;
} else if (key.compareTo(cur.key) < 0) {
cur = cur.l;
} else {
ans = cur;
cur = cur.r;
}
}
return ans;
}
// 现在,以cur为头的树上,新增,加(key, value)这样的记录
// 加完之后,会对cur做检查,该调整调整
// 返回,调整完之后,整棵树的新头部
private SBTNode<K, V> add(SBTNode<K, V> cur, K key, V value) {
if (cur == null) {
return new SBTNode<K, V>(key, value);
} else {
cur.size++;
if (key.compareTo(cur.key) < 0) {
cur.l = add(cur.l, key, value);
} else {
cur.r = add(cur.r, key, value);
}
return maintain(cur);
}
}
// 在cur这棵树上,删掉key所代表的节点
// 返回cur这棵树的新头部
private SBTNode<K, V> delete(SBTNode<K, V> cur, K key) {
cur.size--;
if (key.compareTo(cur.key) > 0) {
cur.r = delete(cur.r, key);
} else if (key.compareTo(cur.key) < 0) {
cur.l = delete(cur.l, key);
} else { // 当前要删掉cur
if (cur.l == null && cur.r == null) {
// free cur memory -> C++
cur = null;
} else if (cur.l == null && cur.r != null) {
// free cur memory -> C++
cur = cur.r;
} else if (cur.l != null && cur.r == null) {
// free cur memory -> C++
cur = cur.l;
} else { // 有左有右
SBTNode<K, V> pre = null;
SBTNode<K, V> des = cur.r;
des.size--;
while (des.l != null) {
pre = des;
des = des.l;
des.size--;
}
if (pre != null) {
pre.l = des.r;
des.r = cur.r;
}
des.l = cur.l;
des.size = des.l.size + (des.r == null ?
0 : des.r.size) + 1;
// free cur memory -> C++
cur = des;
}
}
// cur = maintain(cur);
return cur;
}
private SBTNode<K, V> getIndex(SBTNode<K, V> cur, int kth) {
if (kth == (cur.l != null ? cur.l.size : 0) + 1) {
return cur;
} else if (kth <= (cur.l != null ? cur.l.size : 0)) {
return getIndex(cur.l, kth);
} else {
return getIndex(cur.r,
kth - (cur.l != null ? cur.l.size : 0) - 1);
}
}
public int size() {
return root == null ? 0 : root.size;
}
public boolean containsKey(K key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("invalid parameter.");
}
SBTNode<K, V> lastNode = findLastIndex(key);
return lastNode != null &&
key.compareTo(lastNode.key) == 0 ? true : false;
}
// (key,value) put -> 有序表 新增、改value
public void put(K key, V value) {
if (key == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("invalid parameter.");
}
SBTNode<K, V> lastNode = findLastIndex(key);
if (lastNode != null && key.compareTo(lastNode.key) == 0) {
lastNode.value = value;
} else {
root = add(root, key, value);
}
}
public void remove(K key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("invalid parameter.");
}
if (containsKey(key)) {
root = delete(root, key);
}
}
public K getIndexKey(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= this.size()) {
throw new RuntimeException("invalid parameter.");
}
return getIndex(root, index + 1).key;
}
public V getIndexValue(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= this.size()) {
throw new RuntimeException("invalid parameter.");
}
return getIndex(root, index + 1).value;
}
public V get(K key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("invalid parameter.");
}
SBTNode<K, V> lastNode = findLastIndex(key);
if (lastNode != null && key.compareTo(lastNode.key) == 0) {
return lastNode.value;
} else {
return null;
}
}
public K firstKey() {
if (root == null) {
return null;
}
SBTNode<K, V> cur = root;
while (cur.l != null) {
cur = cur.l;
}
return cur.key;
}
public K lastKey() {
if (root == null) {
return null;
}
SBTNode<K, V> cur = root;
while (cur.r != null) {
cur = cur.r;
}
return cur.key;
}
public K floorKey(K key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("invalid parameter.");
}
SBTNode<K, V> lastNoBigNode = findLastNoBigIndex(key);
return lastNoBigNode == null ? null : lastNoBigNode.key;
}
public K ceilingKey(K key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("invalid parameter.");
}
SBTNode<K, V> lastNoSmallNode = findLastNoSmallIndex(key);
return lastNoSmallNode == null ? null : lastNoSmallNode.key;
}
}
// for test
public static void printAll(SBTNode<String, Integer> head) {
System.out.println("Binary Tree:");
printInOrder(head, 0, "H", 17);
System.out.println();
}
// for test
public static void printInOrder(SBTNode<String, Integer> head,
int height, String to, int len) {
if (head == null) {
return;
}
printInOrder(head.r, height + 1, "v", len);
String val = to + "(" + head.key + "," + head.value + ")" + to;
int lenM = val.length();
int lenL = (len - lenM) / 2;
int lenR = len - lenM - lenL;
val = getSpace(lenL) + val + getSpace(lenR);
System.out.println(getSpace(height * len) + val);
printInOrder(head.l, height + 1, "^", len);
}
// for test
public static String getSpace(int num) {
String space = " ";
StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer("");
for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
buf.append(space);
}
return buf.toString();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SizeBalancedTreeMap<String, Integer> sbt =
new SizeBalancedTreeMap<String, Integer>();
sbt.put("d", 4);
sbt.put("c", 3);
sbt.put("a", 1);
sbt.put("b", 2);
// sbt.put("e", 5);
sbt.put("g", 7);
sbt.put("f", 6);
sbt.put("h", 8);
sbt.put("i", 9);
sbt.put("a", 111);
System.out.println(sbt.get("a"));
sbt.put("a", 1);
System.out.println(sbt.get("a"));
for (int i = 0; i < sbt.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(sbt.getIndexKey(i) + " , " +
sbt.getIndexValue(i));
}
printAll(sbt.root);
System.out.println(sbt.firstKey());
System.out.println(sbt.lastKey());
System.out.println(sbt.floorKey("g"));
System.out.println(sbt.ceilingKey("g"));
System.out.println(sbt.floorKey("e"));
System.out.println(sbt.ceilingKey("e"));
System.out.println(sbt.floorKey(""));
System.out.println(sbt.ceilingKey(""));
System.out.println(sbt.floorKey("j"));
System.out.println(sbt.ceilingKey("j"));
sbt.remove("d");
printAll(sbt.root);
sbt.remove("f");
printAll(sbt.root);
}
}
三、总结
搜索二叉树、AVL树、SB树、红黑树