接口封装方式
接口封装一般是必不可少的,平常遇到的封装方式可能是下面这种,创建一个类ResponseResult,然后返回数据的时候统一返回ResponseResult类型的对象。
@Data
@Builder
public class ResponseResult<T> {
private String status;
private String message;
private T data;
public static <T> ResponseResult<T> success(String status, T data, String message) {
~~~~
}
public static <T> ResponseResult<T> fail(String status, T data, String message) {
~~~~~
}
~~~~~~
}
然后我在我们项目里面返现,我们返回数据的时候并没有封装统一的返回类型,但是返回的结构却是这样的:
{
"code": 2000,
"msg": "请求成功",
"data": {}
}
这里肯定是做了一个统一的返回处理,于是我找到了这个文件(隐藏了部分真实代码):
public class ResponseReturnValueHandler implements HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler {
private HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler returnValueHandler;
public ResponseReturnValueHandler(HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler returnValueHandler) {
this.returnValueHandler = returnValueHandler;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsReturnType(MethodParameter methodParameter) {
return returnValueHandler.supportsReturnType(methodParameter);
}
@Override
public void handleReturnValue(Object returnValue, MethodParameter methodParameter, ModelAndViewContainer modelAndViewContainer, NativeWebRequest nativeWebRequest) throws Exception {
Map<String, Object> resultMap = new HashMap<>(3);
resultMap.put("code", 2000);
resultMap.put("msg", "");
resultMap.put("data", returnValue);
returnValueHandler.handleReturnValue(resultMap, methodParameter, modelAndViewContainer, nativeWebRequest);
}
}
我们可以看到这里实现了 springweb 包下的 HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler 接口,重写 handleReturnValue方法,就实现了统一封装功能(数据正常的情况下)。
springMVC的调用链
通过 handleReturnValue 方法,我一路往上查找,一直找到了 springMVC 最重要的 DispatcherServlet 类。
我们知道 DispatcherServlet 是实现了 Servlet 接口的,而 Servlet 对请求的处理是从 service 方法开始的,所以我找到了 FrameworkServlet(DispatcherServlet 的父类) 的 service 方法。
最后总结出他的调用链大概是这样的。
//FrameworkServlet 中还重写了各种请求对应的方法,如 doPost、doGet,都是调用了processRequest方法去处理。
FrameworkServlet#service()
FrameworkServlet#processRequest()
//主要是设置一些变量,主要处理还是靠doDispatch方法
DispatcherServlet#doService()
//DispatcherServlet 最核心的方法,网上的SpringMVC的工作流程图中的主要步骤都来自这个方法。
DispatcherServlet#doDispatch()
AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter#handle()
RequestMappingHandlerAdapter#handleInternal()
RequestMappingHandlerAdapter#invokeHandlerMethod()
ServletInvocableHandlerMethod#invokeAndHandle()
HandlerMethodReturnValueHandlerComposite#handleReturnValue()
HandlerMethodReturnValueHandlerComposite#selectHandler()
//最后能调用到这,所以能实现统一封装的功能
HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler#handleReturnValue()
最后贴一下 DispatcherServlet#doDispatch() 的源码(部分):
/**
* Process the actual dispatching to the handler.
* <p>The handler will be obtained by applying the servlet's HandlerMappings in order.
* The HandlerAdapter will be obtained by querying the servlet's installed HandlerAdapters
* to find the first that supports the handler class.
* <p>All HTTP methods are handled by this method. It's up to HandlerAdapters or handlers
* themselves to decide which methods are acceptable.
* @param request current HTTP request
* @param response current HTTP response
* @throws Exception in case of any kind of processing failure
*/
protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
try {
ModelAndView mv = null;
Exception dispatchException = null;
try {
processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);
// Determine handler for the current request.
mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) {
noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response);
return;
}
// Determine handler adapter for the current request.
HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
// Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
String method = request.getMethod();
boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "] is: " + lastModified);
}
if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
return;
}
}
if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
return;
}
// Actually invoke the handler.
mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
return;
}
applyDefaultViewName(processedRequest, mv);
mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
}
~~~~~~~
}
然后你会发现这个图的每一步都是在上面这个方法里面(图片实在网上随便找的,基本上都类似)。