std::string

std::string

typedef basic_string<char> string;

String类

String是描述字符串序列的对象

标准string类提供了与标准字节容器相似的接口的对象的支持，不过添加了一些新特性用于操作单一的字节字符。

The string class is an instantiation of the basic_string class template that uses char (i.e., bytes) as its character type, with its default char_traits and allocator types (see basic_string for more info on the template).

Note that this class handles bytes independently of the encoding used: If used to handle sequences of multi-byte or variable-length characters (such as UTF-8), all members of this class (such as length or size), as well as its iterators, will still operate in terms of bytes (not actual encoded characters).

请注意这个类独立于所有字节编码；如果使用多字符或可变长字符（例如UTF-8）,这个类的所有成员（例如长度和大小）以及迭代器仍然以字节为单位（而不是字符编码）.

成员类型

成员类型	定义
value_type	char
traits_type	char_traits<char>
allocator_type	allocator<char>
reference	char&
const_reference	const char&
pointer	char*
const_pointer	const char*
iterator	a random access iterator to char (convertible to const_iterator)
const_iterator	a random access iterator to const char

成员函数

(constructor)

Construct string object  (public member function )

(destructor)

String destructor  (public member function )

operator=

String assignment  (public member function )

迭代器:

begin

Return iterator to beginning  (public member function )

end

Return iterator to end  (public member function )

rbegin

Return reverse iterator to reverse beginning  (public member function )

rend

Return reverse iterator to reverse end  (public member function )

cbegin 

Return const_iterator to beginning  (public member function )

cend 

Return const_iterator to end  (public member function )

crbegin 

Return const_reverse_iterator to reverse beginning  (public member function )

crend 

Return const_reverse_iterator to reverse end  (public member function )

功能:

size

Return length of string  (public member function )

length

Return length of string  (public member function )

max_size

Return maximum size of string  (public member function )

resize

Resize string  (public member function )

capacity

Return size of allocated storage  (public member function )

reserve

Request a change in capacity  (public member function )

clear

Clear string  (public member function )

empty

Test if string is empty  (public member function )

shrink_to_fit 

缩小到适当尺寸  (public member function )

Element access :

operator[]

Get character of string  (public member function )

at

Get character in string  (public member function )

back 

Access last character  (public member function )

front 

Access first character  (public member function )

Modifiers :

operator+=

Append to string  (public member function )

append

Append to string  (public member function )

push_back

Append character to string  (public member function )

assign

Assign content to string  (public member function )

insert

Insert into string  (public member function )

erase

Erase characters from string  (public member function )

replace

Replace portion of string  (public member function )

swap

Swap string values  (public member function )

pop_back 

Delete last character  (public member function )

String operations :

c_str

Get C string equivalent  (public member function )

data

Get string data  (public member function )

get_allocator

Get allocator  (public member function )

copy

Copy sequence of characters from string  (public member function )

find

Find content in string  (public member function )

rfind

Find last occurrence of content in string  (public member function )

find_first_of

Find character in string  (public member function )

find_last_of

Find character in string from the end  (public member function )

find_first_not_of

Find absence of character in string  (public member function )

find_last_not_of

Find non-matching character in string from the end  (public member function )

substr

Generate substring  (public member function )

compare

Compare strings  (public member function )

常量成员

npos

Maximum value for size_t  (public static member constant )

重载函数

operator+

Concatenate strings  (function )

relational operators

Relational operators for string  (function )

swap

Exchanges the values of two strings  (function )

operator>>

Extract string from stream  (function )

operator<<

Insert string into stream  (function )

getline

Get line from stream into string  (function )