Python（二）Java&Python混合编程

一、背景

前些日子我手上接到一个需求，老板要求将一个非常复杂的网页（各种表格，各种统计图，各种数据）以图片的形式分享出去，第一时间我就觉得这个需求很奇葩，为什么不直接分享网页地址呢是吧？但是老板既然要这么一个功能我们想尽办法也得给他实现，于是我整理出了三个方案：①小程序端用canvas绘制页面并保存；②后端用Java swing绘制页面并生成图片，③小程序端访问后端，后端请求H5页面并截图，由于网页实在太复杂最终选择了方案三，后台访问截图用Python实现。

二、Pyhton业务

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
import time
import oss2
import json
import argparse
import base64
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options


class Result(object):

    def __init__(self,resutlCode,data):
        # 返回结果对象
        self.resutlCode = resutlCode
        self.data = data

    def to_json(self):
        return json.dumps(self.__dict__)


def get_image(url, pic_name):
    print("python版本号：" + sys.version)

    chrome_options = Options()
    chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
    chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
    # 创建浏览器对象
    # windows
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path = 'E:/projects/onegolf/onegolf-parent/onegolf-server/onegolf-api/onegolf-python/windows/chromedriver', options=chrome_options)
    # linux
    # driver = webdriver.Chrome(/home/chromedriver', options=chrome_options)

    # 打开网页
    driver.get(url)
    # driver.maximize_window()
    # 加延时 防止未加载完就截图
    time.sleep(1)

    # 用js获取页面的宽高，如果有其他需要用js的部分也可以用这个方法
    width = driver.execute_script("return document.documentElement.scrollWidth")
    height = driver.execute_script("return document.documentElement.scrollHeight")

    # 将浏览器的宽高设置成刚刚获取的宽高
    driver.set_window_size(width, height)
    time.sleep(1)

    # 阿里云主账号AccessKey拥有所有API的访问权限，风险很高。强烈建议您创建并使用RAM账号进行API访问或日常运维，请登录 https://ram.console.aliyun.com 创建RAM账号。
    auth = oss2.Auth('ossAccessKeyId', 'ossAccessKeySecret')
    # Endpoint以背景为例，其它Region请按实际情况填写。
    bucket = oss2.Bucket(auth, 'http://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com', 'ossBucketName')

    bucket.put_object('oss/image/match/' + pic_name, driver.get_screenshot_as_png())
    driver.quit()

    return Result( "200",'https://ip/oss/image/match/' + pic_name)


def base64_str_decode(base64_str):
    temp = bytes(base64_str, encoding='utf-8')
    return bytes(base64.b64decode(temp)).decode()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 读取入参网页地址+图片名称
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    parser.add_argument('-params')
    args = parser.parse_args()
    # base64解码
    param = base64_str_decode(args.params)
    print("请求参数：" + param)

    task = json.loads(param)
    url = task[0]
    pic_name = task[1]

    print("url:" + url + ",pic_name:" + pic_name)

    # 返回结果
    result = None
    try:
        result = get_image(url, pic_name)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)

    # 输出结果，由Java接收
    sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__
    print("<<<<out<<<<")
    print(result.to_json())
    print(">>>>out>>>>")

三、Java业务

package com.onegolf.base.util;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.onegolf.common.exceptions.CommonException;
import com.onegolf.common.response.ResponseResult;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.boot.system.ApplicationHome;
import org.springframework.util.Base64Utils;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/**
 * python脚本处理方法
 */
@Slf4j
public class PythonUtil {
    /**
     * 正则命名捕获的分组名
     */
    private static final String RESULT = "result";
    private static final String OPEN_TAG = "<<<<out<<<<";

    private static final String CLOSE_TAG = ">>>>out>>>>";
    /**
     * python输出内容正则表达式
     */
    private static final Pattern PATTERN = Pattern.compile(String.format("(?<result>%s.*?%s)", OPEN_TAG, CLOSE_TAG));
    /**
     * <<<<out<<<<  和  >>>>out>>>> 自身的长度
     */
    private static final int FLAG_LENGTH = 11;
    private static String pythonScriptPath;

    // 这里回去python脚本的相对路径
    static {
        ApplicationHome applicationHome = new ApplicationHome(Object.class);
        // windows
        pythonScriptPath = applicationHome.getDir().getParentFile().getAbsolutePath()
                + File.separator + "onegolf-parent" + File.separator + "onegolf-server" + File.separator + "onegolf-api" + File.separator + "onegolf-python";
        // linux
        // pythonScriptPath = "/home";
    }


    /**
     * 调用python获取截图地址
     *
     * @return 执行结果状态
     */
    public static ResponseResult callAiTrainTask(List<String> cellNames) {
        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(cellNames)) {
            cellNames = Collections.emptyList();
        }
        try {
            log.info("Starting execution");
            // 这里的result对象和python的返回对象要一致
            ResponseResult result =
                    callFunction("process.py", cellNames, ResponseResult.class);
            log.info("Execution finished");
            return result;
        } catch (CommonException e) {
            log.error("Execution fail with error", e);
            ResponseResult result = new ResponseResult();
            result.setResultCode("500");
            result.setResultDesc(e.getMessage());
            return result;
        }
    }


     /** 
     *这里将python返回结果对象反序列换成java需要返回的对象
     */
    private static <P, R> R callFunction(String fileName, P params, Class<R> returnType)
            throws CommonException {
        String paramsJson = JSONObject.toJSONString(params);
        paramsJson = Base64Utils.encodeToString(paramsJson.getBytes());
        String resultJson = callFunction(pythonScriptPath + File.separator + fileName, paramsJson);
        try {
            return JSONObject.parseObject(resultJson, returnType);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("返回结果反序列化失败：" + resultJson);
            return null;
        }
    }


     /** 
     *调用python的核心实现
     */
    private static String callFunction(String fullFileName, String params) throws CommonException {
        String command = String.format("python %s -params %s", fullFileName, params);
        log.info("execute python command->" + command);
        try {
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
            BufferedReader errReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
            String temp;
            String errorInfo;
            while ((errorInfo = errReader.readLine()) != null){
                log.debug(errorInfo);
            }
            StringBuilder resultBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            boolean openTagFound = false;
            while ((temp = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                if (!openTagFound) {
                    // 找到OPEN_TAG标志前丢弃python输出，否则消息很长
                    if (!temp.contains(OPEN_TAG)) {
                        continue;
                    } else {
                        openTagFound = true;
                    }
                }
                resultBuilder.append(temp);
            }
            String result = resultBuilder.toString();

            Matcher matcher = PATTERN.matcher(result);
            if (matcher.find()) {
                result = matcher.group(RESULT);
                result = result.substring(FLAG_LENGTH, result.length() - FLAG_LENGTH);
                return result;
            }
            return "";
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("find a python function error", e);
            throw new CommonException(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}