Android网络编程（三）okhttp的基本使用

1.使用前准备

Android Studio 配置gradle：

 compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.9.1'

添加网络权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

2.异步GET请求

惯例，请求百度：

private void getAsynHttp() { mOkHttpClient= new OkHttpClient(); Request.Builder requestBuilder = new Request.Builder().url( "http://www.baidu.com"); //可以省略，默认是GET请求 requestBuilder.method( "GET", null); Request request = requestBuilder.build(); Call mcall= mOkHttpClient.newCall(request); mcall.enqueue( new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException { if ( null != response.cacheResponse()) { String str = response.cacheResponse().toString(); Log.i( "wangshu", "cache---" + str); } else { response.body().string(); String str = response.networkResponse().toString(); Log.i( "wangshu", "network---" + str); } runOnUiThread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "请求成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } }); }

与2.x版本并没有什么不同，比较郁闷的是回调仍然不在UI线程。

2.异步POST请求

OkHttp3异步POST请求和OkHttp2.x有一些差别就是没有FormEncodingBuilder这个类，替代它的是功能更加强大的FormBody：

private void postAsynHttp() { mOkHttpClient= new OkHttpClient(); RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder() .add( "size", "10") .build(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url( "http://api.1-blog.com/biz/bizserver/article/list.do") .post(formBody) .build(); Call call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request); call.enqueue( new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException { String str = response.body().string(); Log.i( "wangshu", str); runOnUiThread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "请求成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } }); }

3.异步上传文件

上传文件本身也是一个POST请求，上一篇没有讲，这里我们补上。首先定义上传文件类型：

public static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN = MediaType.parse( "text/x-markdown; charset=utf-8");

将sdcard根目录的wangshu.txt文件上传到服务器上：

private void postAsynFile() { mOkHttpClient= new OkHttpClient(); File file = new File( "/sdcard/wangshu.txt"); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url( "https://api.github.com/markdown/raw") .post(RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_MARKDOWN, file)) .build(); mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue( new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException { Log.i( "wangshu",response.body().string()); } }); }

当然如果想要改为同步的上传文件只要调用 mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).execute()就可以了。
在wangshu.txt文件中有一行字“Android网络编程（六）OkHttp3用法全解析”我们运行程序点击发送文件按钮，最终请求网络返回的结果就是我们txt文件中的内容 ：

当然不要忘了添加如下权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

4.异步下载文件

下载文件同样在上一篇没有讲到，实现起来比较简单，在这里下载一张图片，我们得到Response后将流写进我们指定的图片文件中就可以了。

private void downAsynFile() { mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient(); String url = "https://img-my.csdn.net/uploads/201603/26/1458988468_5804.jpg"; Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build(); mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue( new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) { InputStream inputStream = response.body().byteStream(); FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null; try { fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream( new File( "/sdcard/wangshu.jpg")); byte[] buffer = new byte[ 2048]; int len = 0; while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != - 1) { fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len); } fileOutputStream.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.i( "wangshu", "IOException"); e.printStackTrace(); } Log.d( "wangshu", "文件下载成功"); } }); }

5.异步上传Multipart文件

这种场景很常用，我们有时会上传文件同时还需要传其他类型的字段，OkHttp3实现起来很简单，需要注意的是没有服务器接收我这个Multipart文件，所以这里只是举个例子，具体的应用还要结合实际工作中对应的服务器。
首先定义上传文件类型：

private static final MediaType MEDIA_TYPE_PNG = MediaType.parse( "image/png");

private void sendMultipart(){ mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient(); RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder() .setType(MultipartBody.FORM) .addFormDataPart( "title", "wangshu") .addFormDataPart( "image", "wangshu.jpg", RequestBody.create(MEDIA_TYPE_PNG, new File( "/sdcard/wangshu.jpg"))) .build(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .header( "Authorization", "Client-ID " + "...") .url( "https://api.imgur.com/3/image") .post(requestBody) .build(); mOkHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue( new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException { Log.i( "wangshu", response.body().string()); } }); }

6.设置超时时间和缓存

和OkHttp2.x有区别的是不能通过OkHttpClient直接设置超时时间和缓存了，而是通过OkHttpClient.Builder来设置，通过builder配置好OkHttpClient后用builder.build()来返回OkHttpClient，所以我们通常不会调用new OkHttpClient()来得到OkHttpClient，而是通过builder.build()：

File sdcache = getExternalCacheDir(); int cacheSize = 10 * 1024 * 1024; OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder() .connectTimeout( 15, TimeUnit.SECONDS) .writeTimeout( 20, TimeUnit.SECONDS) .readTimeout( 20, TimeUnit.SECONDS) .cache( new Cache(sdcache.getAbsoluteFile(), cacheSize)); OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient=builder.build();