使用Android Studio2.2进行NDK编程创建示例

File -> New -> New Project

勾选Include C++ Support

Next

选择Empty Activity

Next


Customize C++ Support
C++ Standard选择Toolchain Default

Finish

工程创建完成后，点击运行即可

运行完成后，点击菜单Build -> Analyze APK可以看到lib目录下的so文件

看一下示例工程相关文件

可以通过在现有工程中修改这些地方进行NDK编程

顶层目录下的local.properties文件

会指定ndk和sdk的目录

ndk.dir=C\:\\androidstudio\\sdk\\ndk-bundle
sdk.dir=C\:\\androidstudio\\sdk

顶层目录下的build.gradle文件

可以看到gradle插件不再使用实验性的了

需要2.2.0版本或以上

buildscript {
    repositories {
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.2.1'

        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    }
}

app目录下的build.gradle文件

新增加了externalNativeBuild节

使用CMake，不需要使用ndk-build了

指定了CMakeLists.txt的路径，这个文件名称固定为CMakeLists.txt

android {
    compileSdkVersion 24
    buildToolsVersion "24.0.3"
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.jiang.hellojnitest"
        minSdkVersion 19
        targetSdkVersion 24
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        externalNativeBuild {
            cmake {
                cppFlags ""
            }
        }
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    externalNativeBuild {
        cmake {
            path "CMakeLists.txt"
        }
    }
}

看下CMakeLists.txt文件

使用add_library增加新的so文件

使用find_library使用已有的库，比如android的log库

使用target_link_libraries链接库

# Sets the minimum version of CMake required to build the native
# library. You should either keep the default value or only pass a
# value of 3.4.0 or lower.

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)

# Creates and names a library, sets it as either STATIC
# or SHARED, and provides the relative paths to its source code.
# You can define multiple libraries, and CMake builds it for you.
# Gradle automatically packages shared libraries with your APK.

add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
             native-lib

             # Sets the library as a shared library.
             SHARED

             # Provides a relative path to your source file(s).
             # Associated headers in the same location as their source
             # file are automatically included.
             src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp )

# Searches for a specified prebuilt library and stores the path as a
# variable. Because system libraries are included in the search path by
# default, you only need to specify the name of the public NDK library
# you want to add. CMake verifies that the library exists before
# completing its build.

find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.
              log-lib

              # Specifies the name of the NDK library that
              # you want CMake to locate.
              log )

# Specifies libraries CMake should link to your target library. You
# can link multiple libraries, such as libraries you define in the
# build script, prebuilt third-party libraries, or system libraries.

target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
                       native-lib

                       # Links the target library to the log library
                       # included in the NDK.
                       ${log-lib} )

看下建立的MainActivity.java

库的加载和native的声明

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    // Used to load the 'native-lib' library on application startup.
    static {
        System.loadLibrary("native-lib");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // Example of a call to a native method
        TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.sample_text);
        tv.setText(stringFromJNI());
    }

    /**
     * A native method that is implemented by the 'native-lib' native library,
     * which is packaged with this application.
     */
    public native String stringFromJNI();
}

看下src\main\cpp\目录下的native-lib.cpp文件

实现了native函数

#include <jni.h>
#include <string>

extern "C"
jstring
Java_com_example_jiang_hellojnitest_MainActivity_stringFromJNI(
        JNIEnv *env,
        jobject /* this */) {
    std::string hello = "Hello from C++";
    return env->NewStringUTF(hello.c_str());
}