android中SurfaceView用法

在android中实现自定义的view来画图存在以下两个缺陷：

1）view缺乏双缓冲机制

2）当程序需要更新view上的视图时，必须重绘整张图片

由于上述缺陷，在程序尤其是游戏中，绘图的性能并不理想，android为此提供了SurfaceView。

SurfaceView一般和SurfaceHolder结合一起使用，SurfaceHolder用于在向与之关联的SurfaceView上绘图，获取SurfaceHolder的方法如下：

1)Canvas lockCanvas()//获取整个画布

2)Canvas lockCanvas(Rect dirty)//获取指定矩形画布,即只更新指定区域，从而提高更新速度

程序画完图后需要用unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas)来释放绘图、提交所绘制的图形。需要注意的是，解锁之后，该方法绘制的图形还处于缓冲之中，下一次lockCanvas()可能会覆盖它，解决方法可以是让绘制线程等待一下，或者是锁定一个Rect(0,0,0,0)等等。

下面给出一段代码来介绍其具体用法，相应地方会加上注释

public class WelcomeView extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback
{
	MainActivity activity;
	Paint paint;
	
	Bitmap[] logos=new Bitmap[2];
	Bitmap currentLogo=null;
	
	int currentX,currentY;
	int currentAlpha=0;
	
	int screenWidth=480;
	int screenHeight=800;
	int sleep=50;
	
	public WelcomeView(MainActivity activity) 
	{
		super(activity);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		this.activity=activity;
		this.getHolder().addCallback(this);//设置回调借口的实现者,必须实现，否则没有回调，那么无论如何都不会画图
		paint=new Paint();
		paint.setAntiAlias(true);
		
		logos[0]=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(activity.getResources(), R.drawable.dukea);
		logos[1]=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(activity.getResources(), R.drawable.dukeb);
	}
	
	public void onDraw(Canvas canvas)//画图的代码
	{
		Log.d("DEBUG", "drawing");
		paint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
		paint.setAlpha(255);
		canvas.drawRect(0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight, paint);
		
		if(currentLogo==null)return;
		paint.setAlpha(currentAlpha);
		canvas.drawBitmap(currentLogo, currentX, currentY, paint);
	}

	@Override
	public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder arg0, int arg1, int arg2, int arg3) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder arg0) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		new Thread()
		{
			@SuppressLint("WrongCall")
			public void run()
			{
				for(Bitmap bm:logos)
				{
					currentLogo=bm;
					currentX=screenWidth/2-bm.getWidth()/2;
					currentY=screenHeight/2-bm.getHeight()/2;
					for(int i=255;i>-10;i-=10)
					{
						currentAlpha=i;
						if(currentAlpha<0)
							currentAlpha=0;
						SurfaceHolder holder=WelcomeView.this.getHolder();
						Canvas canvas=holder.lockCanvas();
						try
						{
							synchronized(holder)
							{
								onDraw(canvas);
							}
						}catch(Exception e){
							e.printStackTrace();
						}finally{
							if(canvas!=null)
								holder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
						}
						
						try
						{
							if(i==255)//若是新图片，多等待一会
							{
								Thread.sleep(1000);
							}
								Thread.sleep(sleep)//线程等待一会;
						}catch(Exception e){
							e.printStackTrace();
						}
					}
				}
				activity.handler.sendEmptyMessage(0);
			}
		}.start();

	}

注意到一点就是与SurfaceView关联的holder设置一个callback回调函数，来对创造SurfaceView或者改动它等进行回调操作，进而达到绘图的目的